Chuma Georgia pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR ndi chitukuko (mwachidule). Location Georgia mu chuma padziko lonse

chuma Georgia ndi akadali mu nthawi ya zosayembekezereka wa boma la Soviet Union anali olemera kwambiri. Kuyambira cha m'ma 1910s mu zaka 60, chuma dziko wakula pafupifupi 100 khola. Izo zinali mu Georgia anali malipilo lalikulu ndi ubwino chikhalidwe. limanena yaikulu anakhala ndi Boma pa kusintha kwa agrarian kwa gawo mafakitale. Ndi 1980s oyambirira dziko kunachita kupanga mankhwala mafuta, katundu zitsulo ndi zida. Komanso Dziwani ndiye mkulu akunja zizindikiro malonda.

chuma Georgia pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR

Mu zaka zoyambirira pambuyo kugwa Soviet Union, bajeti dziko lasintha kwambiri. Chifukwa chachikulu kachitidwe zoipa za chuma zoweta zinali zoletsedwa pulezidenti wa Georgia kuchita asapita aliyense malonda ndi Russia. Zotsatira zake zinali dontho lakuthwa mu ntchito mafakitale boma ndi 60% pofika cha 1992.

Patapita zaka zingapo mavuto chatithandizira osati kupanga zikuluzikulu, komanso ena mafakitale. Alemekezedwa mwa Soviet Union, Georgia Nkhalango kwathunthu unatha. zoyendera ndi zomangamanga mafakitale anawonongedwa. Ndalama depreciated ndi 9,000%. Zotsatira zake zinali yopanga angadzachite misa ulova malipiro m'munsi. Mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha chuma Chijojiya anayamba yekha ndi mapeto a 1995. chifukwa chinali chosangalatsa ngongole ku banki lalikulu padziko lonse. Mwamwayi, kufufuma anaimitsidwa, takhala kusintha ogwira m'madera a makampani ndi ntchito. Kuyambira mu 1996 mu dziko, potsiriza, ndinayamba kusunga achire ndalama.

Cha m'ma 2000s izo truncated 60% ya malipiro msonkho, anakopeka kwambiri kwa ndalama zakunja kukhazikitsa kulankhula ndi obwereketsa lonse. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chuma Georgia umakhala pa abwenzi yachilendo malonda ndi infusions zonse ngongole.

gawo agrarian

Today Georgia chuma akhoza mwachidule kukhala ngati stably positi-mafakitale anafotokoza. Komabe, ndi yofunika mpaka ankaimba ndi ulimi. 1993 mpaka 2008, gawo ulimi anali yafupika mlingo wa 25%. gawo ili ndi anagawira wogawana pakati pa dziko chikhalidwe ndi ziweto.

Pambuyo pa mavuto azachuma wa 2000s m'ma, akuluakulu Chijojiya asiya kuonetsetsa zinkafuna kuthandiza ulimi. Pa nthawi, dziko yatsala% 16 zokha basi malo oyenera kufesa. Ambiri a dziko kunditumiza ku amalonda payekha ndi alimi. The gawo la nchito za ulimi amatenga 12% ya GDP la dzikolo. Posachedwapa, mbewu zipatso ndi otsika kwambiri zokolola. chifukwa lonse ndi kuchepa kwa feteleza ndi makina amakono aakulu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Georgia tsopano kwa nthawi yoyamba mu mbiri yake, akusowa imports zina za mbewu. Mphesa dziko anatsika ndi 75%, tiyi - 94%, chikhalidwe - ndi pafupifupi 50%.

Monga ziweto, ngakhale pano pali azimuth negative. Ndalama ku gawo atamva zimenezi anagwada ndi pafupifupi 80%.

zizindikiro makampani

Masiku sizabwino zaka 20 uko ndi gawo mafakitale. mayiko olemera chithunzi amagwa 12%. Chaka chilichonse, chuma Georgia ali kudzadza ndi makampani madola biliyoni 2-2.5.

The yopindulitsa kwambiri ndi chitukuko ndinu kuwala ndi chakudya mafakitale, komanso zitsulo sanali akakhala. Pakhala kukula kupanga mu mafakitale extractive ndi migodi mu madzi gawo mpweya, processing mitengo ndi miyala. The adzasowa chakudya ndi mzati wa chuma Chijojiya. Zakumwa ndi zakudya mu dziko lino amadziwika akutali malire ake. Izi ndi zowona makamaka ndi tiyi, burande, vinyo, fodya, oilseeds, madzi mchere, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.

Tikumbukenso makampani mankhwala a. cholowa mu gawo la dziko kupanga ali pafupi 6%. The mankhwala yotchuka kwambiri ya makampani amaonedwa feteleza asafe, utoto ndi varnish mankhwala CHIKWANGWANI munthu.

Mphamvu ndi mafuta ovuta

imfa zofunika kwambiri za chuma Georgia a akukumana chaka chifukwa 100% wa imports mafuta. Ambiri a mafuta ndi anagula kwa Azerbaijan. Nkhani yofanana ndi ndi gasi, koma pali kale katundu lalikulu ndi Russia. Mphamvu zovuta za dziko apuma pa zomera ikuluikulu matenthedwe ndi opangira magetsi mphamvu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mbali yaikulu ya ikuyambitsa mphamvu umalamulidwa ndi ndalama Russian. Mbali ina ya Chijojiya mphamvu zovuta ndi ntchito yomweyi machitidwe onse mkati pamodzi ndi Azerbaijan.

Matenthedwe zomera mphamvu awiri okha, koma amatha kubisa 2/3 la dziko. Koma zovuta opangira magetsi, ndiye mtima wake ndi Inguri opangira magetsi mphamvu siteshoni, angathe kukhala ndi mphamvu kuti 1,300 MW. A malo ang'onoang'ono angathe kuzindikira Perepadnaya Vartsikhe.

Mpumulo wa chuma

A chopereka kwambiri kuti boma bajeti pachaka, kutumiza mauthenga. phindu lawo pafupifupi 4% ya GDP. Sangalalani mu chitukuko cha m'ntchito imeneyi unkachitika kumapeto kwa 2008. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Georgia amapereka mtengo kwambiri mtengo ma a maudindo wachitatu mu dziko.

malonda okhonda mu zaka zaposachedwapa amakhala ndi kufooka kwambiri. Bwino zoipa anatsimikiza ndi kuwonjezeka mu ankafuna ndi kufunika imports kuposa zogulitsa kunja. Wotchuka kwambiri katundu Chijojiya ankaona ferroalloys ndi golide yaiwisi. Falls ndi buku la kupanga zinthu monga malasha, manganese, ndi mkuwa ores. Koma taonera tidapita alendo chifukwa kulipira ulamuliro wa chitupa cha visa chikapezeka.

kapangidwe ndalama

A kuchepa kwambiri m'magulu onse a ulimi ndi ntchito ndiyo malo atsopano a Georgia mu chuma padziko lonse. Kumbali ya GDP mu dziko ndi nduna mzere yekha Kalasi la 113. Zachuma Georgia Akuti pa $ biliyoni 16.5. Ndalama pafupifupi pamwezi pa munthu zimasiyanasiyana pakati madola 300.

The drawback chachikulu cha dongosolo chuma cha charo ali pachiopsezo ku zinthu zina. chuma Tbilisi zachokera pa ngongole ndi ndalama. Komabe, njira yokha akuluakulu akhoza kutseka kuchepekedwa bajeti.

Pa zaka zapitazi 10, chithandizo ena Georgia anakwana mayuro 3 biliyoni. Pakali pano, ngongole okwana anthu kuposa madola biliyoni 11..