Chule Rana: zimaonetsa amoyo ndi kuswana

Mwa mitundu ochuluka kuposa zinyama ndi moor chule (Rana arvalis) - lililonse limaimira wa achule. Sizachilendo m'madera ambiri Madamu ndi misa anthu m'dera limeneli.

maonekedwe

Mtundu wa chule ndi osiyana lalikulu kukula, kufika kutalika pazipita masentimita 7. wakuti ndi kuipanikiza lakuthwa-nosed. Pali zina zimene zili kapangidwe ka thupi. Choncho, pamene kuwonjezera nthambi perpendicularly kwa olamulira a thupi, zimfundo kumwendo samafuna kuti winayo. Ndithu chikuperekedwa yaikulu ya achule awa mkati calcaneal tuber. Iye ali wamtali ndi oposa theka la utali wa chala lonse.

Chifukwa mitundu achilendo, moor chule ndi pafupifupi wosaoneka udzu. Kumbuyo ndi zofiirira mtundu akhoza kukhala ndi achikasu, mthunzi wa maolivi. Nthawi zambiri ili wopanda mawonekedwe mdima mawanga zazikulu mosiyanasiyana. Pamodzi kumbuyo zina akudutsa kuwala Mzere. M'maso kuti phewa akutambasula malo mdima, amachita ntchito ya kubisa pamene kusaka. Amuna tingaone ndi calluses m'banja akhakula, yomwe ili pa zala za mapazi kutsogolo, komanso mtundu bluish za thupi, amene amapeza mu nyengo mating. Moyo amayembekezeka ndi zaka zaka 12.

inafikira

Kulikonse m'mayiko a ku Ulaya anthu moor chule, chithunzi anatengedwa m'nkhani ino. Mu dera la kumpoto kugawa ake okha ku Scandinavia, kum'mwera - Yugoslavia ndi Romania. Mu Russia, mndandanda wa mitundu chochokera White Nyanja malire m'munsi mwa Don m'dera Rostov, kuphatikizapo Western Siberia ndi Urals.

Zimapezekanso

Nkhalango ndi nkhalango-steppe woyendera nthambi - mbuto ikulu kwambiri massively amakhala mtundu wa achule. M'mapiri, iwo nthawi angapezeke mu dera Altai, pamalo okwera osaposa 2140 meters pamwamba pa nyanja ku mapiri Carpathian, kuti okwera 987 m. Iwo amakhala kulikonse, kusankha malo onse yonyowa ndi youma. Mu deciduous ndi nkhalango wosanganiza amakonda kutenga m'mphepete, glades. Mukufuna kukhazikika mu zigwa chigumula, zithaphwi zigwembe atachuluka, madambo udzu wolemera. Si zachilendo kukumana achule amenewa ulimi olimapo minda, minda ndi ngakhale m'mapaki m'matauni ndi minda.

njira ya moyo

Ngati achule ena onse, chule Rana amakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zimadalira kutentha yozungulira. Pa isanayambike nyengo yozizira, iwo kukhala zochepa yam'manja. Luso la achule awa kupuma osati m'mapapo, koma padziko lonse wa khungu amafuna malo lonyowa. mpweya youma, wokhoza kuononga iwo. Choncho, nthawi zambiri chule amathera mu madzi, nthawizina kuchokera posungira pa mtunda wopanda mamita oposa 20. Iwo chingabisike pansi pa mizu ya mitengo, wagwa masamba, udzu wandiweyani. The zambiri zimachitika pamene chinyezi kuposa 85%.

Mu autumn, mu September kapena October, chule zipita hibernation. Umakhala pa dziko, kubisala mu kamakumba una akale rodent, stumps yoola kapena zapansi.

chakudya

The chakudya chachikulu achule ndi tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri izi ndi kafadala, udzudzu, mbozi. Kodi si mantha kudya chule moor molluscs, akangaude,, nyongolotsi ndi zina invertebrates. Chikhalidwe cha mphamvu mwachuluka amadalira malo ndi nyengo. Hunt achule ndi yaitali yomata lilime, limene nthawi yomweyo kumvetsa nyama.

Iwo nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu udindo wa wovulalayo. Njoka, storks, gulls, akhwangwala, ferrets, yoongoka, Nkhandwe ziri ndi nthumwi zina zambiri za dziko nyama zonse nyama pa achule. Tritons kuyamwa mazira, mphutsi za dragonflies ndi kafadala - tadpoles. Anawona kudya moor awo nsomba chule.

kubalana

Ndimagwiritsa ntchito miyoyo yawo pa dziko, kawetedwe achule amenewa amanena m'madzi. Izi zimachitika mu kasupe oyambirira, pamene kutentha madzi limatuluka kuti 5⁰S, komabe kwathunthu kusungunuka chisanu. Kutalika kwa nthawi kubalana ndi yaing'ono. Ndi May, patapita pazipita masiku 25, iwo, monga ulamuliro, izo kale mathero.

Kuti zimaswana chule Rana amasankha Madamu makamaka zachilengedwe kanthawi - ntchito peat, puddles, ngalande. Pansi pa osaya busa kuya kwa masentimita 40, akazi kutchera mazira, zimenezi mazira 300 miliyoni 3. The awiri a mazira ndi za 7 mm. Pambuyo pake, mkazi wasiya thupi la madzi, kubisala pansi pa masamba kapena Moss. Yaimuna mpaka kuteteza zomangamanga, kufuula mkokomo pofika kwa anthu.

Development wa mazira chimakhala cha masiku 5 mpaka 21 malinga nyengo. M'litali mphutsi aswa chiyani musalumphe 8 mm. chitukuko akupitiriza masiku 37-90. Tadpoles ndi mtundu mdima, mapeto mchira anatchula kawiri kutalika thupi. Mu mwezi wachiwiri wa moyo athandiza forelimbs, kupuma m'mapapo mwanga, ndipo pali resorption wa mchira. Mu June kapena July pali yearlings.

kwambiri imfa mbewu moor chule. Pafupifupi theka la mazira ndi tadpoles akuphedwa mogwirizana ndi kuyanika wa matupi madzi. Pa bogs sphagnum ambiri a iwo anaphedwa ndi acidification m'madzi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, patsogolo pa mapazi a fingerlings kupulumuka bwino, 3 yekha% ya mazira anachedwa.

Kusunga mu ukapolo

Kuzipenya pa Mankhwala ndi moor chule zikutsimikiziridwa ndi chakuti kusiyana iwo mu ukapolo pafupifupi palibe. Pamafunika terrarium yaing'ono (30-40 malita), amene adalima zomera ndi kukonza dziwe. Izo ziyenera kukhala opondapo kukula, koma osaya. Top chidebe ali ndi mauna kuteteza anthu kuthawa. Nthawi Kutentha zina kapena kuunikira kwa terrarium moor chule sayenera.