Castle of Kairfilly, Wales: mbiri, kufotokoza, chithunzi

Nyumba yachiwiri yaikulu ku UK, Kairfilli ya 13th century, ndipo lero imapangitsa chidwi chosamveka cha kukula kwake ndi mphamvu. Icho chimapulumutsidwa mwangwiro ndipo chimagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yonseyo. Kwa mbiri yakale, nyumbayi inagonjetsedwa, yomangidwanso, kubwezeretsedwa. Lero ndi chimodzi mwa zochitika zokaonekera kwambiri ku Wales.

Alikuti

Nyumba yachifumu ya Kairfilly ili m'dera lotchedwa homonymous city-county kum'mwera kwa Wales. Mzindawu uli pamalire pakati pa zigawo za Glamorgan ndi Monmouthshire. Icho chiri cha gawo loyang'anira - Glamorgan dera, Wales county. Mzinda wa Kairfilly uli ndi dera la dera ndipo ndi limodzi la alendo oyendayenda kwambiri. Derali lili m'dera lamapiri, ndipo nsanjayo imamangidwa pamwamba pa phiri, ikukwera pamwamba penipeni pa mzindawu ukufalikira pansi, kuzunguliridwa kumbali zonse ndi nyanja zopangira ndi zokwera. Malo a nkhonoyi anali opindulitsa mwachindunji ndipo adayambitsa zovuta zambiri.

Mbiri yomanga

Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za zana la 13 ku Wales, mtsogoleri wotchuka dzina lake Gilbert de Claire, Earl wa Gloucester, adayamba kumanga linga kuti ateteze madera omwe amatsutsana. Panthawiyi, kuuka kwa akuluakulu a ku Welsh akulamuliridwa ndi wolamulira wodziimira Wales, Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. Chifukwa cha ntchito za usilikali, adatha kugwirizana ndi Henry the Third ndikukhazikitsa ufulu Wales kuti asadziteteze ndi korona ya Chingerezi. Castle Kairfilli (Wales) inali m'zaka za zana la 13 ndi chinthu chopanga mzinda pokhala ndi dzina lomwelo. Mu 1282, Gilbert de Claire anayesa kuyesa Wales, yomwe idapambana, ndipo deralo linakhala gawo la England. Pofuna kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha madera awo, Gilbert adalamula zomanga nyumba m'midzi yonse ya chuma chake. Ntchito yomangayi inayamba mu 1268 ndipo idakonzedwanso mpaka 1290. Ngakhale kuti nkhondoyi inatha nthawi yaitali, Gilbert anakwanitsa kumanga nyumba yaikulu, yomwe inathandiza kuti asateteze, komanso kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino. Pambuyo pa mapangano a mgwirizano wa Montgomery, ntchito yomenyera nkhondoyo inasiya kugwira ntchito kwa de Claire, ndipo anayamba kukonza nyumbayi monga malo okhala. Mu 1295, Gilbert anamwalira, koma panthawiyi nyumba ya Kairfilli idakhazikitsidwa kale ndi kukonzekera moyo wotanganidwa.

Nyumba zakale m'ma 1400 ndi 1700

Kuchokera mu 1313, nyumba ya Kairfilli yayambiranso kugonjetsa nkhondo. Llywelyn Bren ndi asilikali achifumu anapitiriza kumenyera nkhondo pa dera. Pa nkhondo ya 1316 mzinda wa Kairfilli unali utawonongedwa, koma nsanjayo inaima. Mu 1317, Hugh ndi Despenser Wamng'ono, amene anakwatira mlongo wa Gilbert de Claire, Elinor, adakhala m'ndende. Nkhono ya Kairfilli inakhala mkazi wake. Hugh anali bwino ndi Edward woyamba ndipo anali wolemera mokwanira. Anaganiza zowonjezera nyumbayi, kupanga holo yayikulu yolandira. Pa ntchitoyi, anapempha William Hart ndi Thomas de la Bataille. Anapanga zipinda zokongola, zokongoletsedwa kwambiri ndi zojambula. Pamene kupambana kunkachitika ndipo King Edward anagonjetsedwa, Hugh ndi mkazi wake adathawira kumalo osungirako nkhondo. Asilikali a Isabella anakopeka ku nsanjayo. Chovalacho sichinathe nthawi yaitali. Hugh anagonjetsa, ndipo maiko adasamutsidwa kwa Isabel de Despenser, yemwe pamodzi ndi mwamuna wake wachiwiri, adayesetsa kwambiri pokonzanso ndi kumanganso nyumbayi. Mu 1486 nsanjayo inaperekedwa m'manja mwa Count Pembroke, koma sanafune kukhala pano. Ndipo nyumbayi ikuyamba kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono. Madzi otsekedwa kuzungulira nyumbayi ali osokonezeka, nthawi zambiri gawo la nsanjayi lakhudzidwa. M'ndende, akaidi amasungidwa kwa kanthawi. Mu 1583 adachotsedwa ndi Thomas Lewis. Amaphwanya mbali ya makoma a miyala kuti amange malo okhalamo ndi ofesi. Ntchito za nkhondo pa Nkhondo Yachiŵeniŵeni chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 zinkasokoneza pafupifupi nyumbayi, koma zinawononga ku nsanja ya kummwera chakumpoto, yomwe idatchedwa Kugwa. Mu 1648 Cromwell analamula kuti awononge nyumbayi kuti achoke m'deralo popanda chitetezo chodalirika. Koma zinaoneka kuti sizingatheke kuti aperekenso, koma mbali imodzi ya malinga ndi nsanja zing'onozing'ono zomwe zinagonjetsedwa ndi mabomba.

Moyo wa nyumbayi muzaka 18-20

Mu 1776, nyumba ya Kairfilly, yomwe mbiri yake inangokhala yowawa, imapeza mbuye watsopano. Tom Stewart kwa nthawi yoyamba akuyesera kubwezeretsa ndi kusunga nyumbayi. Mu 1860, mdzukulu wake akuyendetsa mosamalitsa nyumbayo ndipo amayamba kuchoka kwa antchito omwe amachitira zomwe zili mumzinda wa satana-mosamala. Chombo chachinayi, John Crichton-Stewart, chinali chiwonetsero cha kubwezeretsa ndi kumanga. Anapereka ndalama zambiri pokulitsa katundu ndi kukonzanso nyumba zogona. Mpaka mu 1950, adagwira ntchito yobwezeretsa ndi kukonzanso nyumba, kubwezeretsa maonekedwe a mbiri yakale. Anatsuka madamu ndikukonzanso malo osungiramo madzi ndi nyanja zomwe zikugwirizana ndi nyumbayi. Pakatikatikati mwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri, iye anabweretsa nyumbayo moyenera, yomwe idakonzanso zaka 15-16. Mu 1950, a Marquis anapatsa nyumbayi ndi midzi yonse yozungulira kupita ku boma.

Castle lerolino

M'zaka za zana la 21, nyumba ya Kairfilli imayang'aniridwa ndi kampani Cadw, yomwe imayang'anira kusungidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo otchuka. Lero nyumbayi ikuwonetsedwa kwambiri ku Wales, pano anthu opitirira 100,000 amabwera chaka chilichonse. Kwa alendo, maulendo, zikondwerero ndi zikondwerero zimakonzedwa. Kukacheza ku nyumba ya Kairfilly kumasanduka ulendo wokondweretsa ndi ulendo wakale chifukwa chakuti moyo wa zaka za m'ma Middle Ages umabweretsedwanso pano.

Zojambulajambula

Nyumba yachifumu ya Kairfilly, yomwe ikupezeka m'zilembo zonse zapakati pazaka zomangamanga, ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri chokhazikitsa zomangamanga. Kukhwima ndi kudalirika ndizozigawo zazikulu zomwe zimabwera m'maganizo pakuwona chida cholimba ichi. Zomangamanga za nyumbayi ndi laconic komanso zogwira mtima, palibe chinthu chopanda pake, chirichonse chiri pansi pa cholinga chimodzi - kuteteza nokha kwa adani. Nkhono yazing'ono kumbali yonse ili kuzungulira ndi khoma lamwala lamphamvu lomwe linapangidwa ndi mchenga wa mchenga, ndi maulonda anayi ndi mapulaneti ochepa. Nkhondoyi ili ndi zida ziwiri zotetezera. Mphete yoyamba ndi makoma a miyala, yachiwiri ndi malo abwino. Pambuyo pa khomo lalikulu la nsanjayi pali khoma lina lachitetezo. Mkati mwa nsanja muli malo okhalamo: Nyumba Yaikuru yokongola yolandirira, kuyang'ana ndi zokometsera zabwino, m'malo ogona mokwanira ndi zipinda zapadera.

Zimene mungachite

Nyumba ya Kairfilly, yomwe chithunzi chake chimawoneka chokongola nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, lero ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Gawo la mahekitala 120 limakulolani kuti mupange maulendo ataliatali ndikugwira zochitika zazikulu pano. Kodi simungakhoze kuphonya pamene mukuchezera nsanja? Kuyenera kuyendayenda kuzungulira nkhono kuti muwone masitepe onse ndi malo okongola ndi madzi. Mukhoza kuyendayenda pamtunda wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba kwambiri, kukwera pamwamba pa nsanja kuti muyang'ane mzinda womwe uli pamapazi. M'nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale za nsanjayo munthu amatha kuona yunifolomu ndi zida za msilikali wakale. Mfuti zazing'ono zimayikidwa pakatikati pa nsanja. Ndikofunika kufufuza zitsulozi, yendani pazilumba pa nyanja zopangira. Mu nsanja imodzi mukhoza kuona filimu yokhudza mbiri ya nyumbayi. Kuti mupite ku chinyumba cha Kairfilli, muyenera kukonza pafupifupi theka la tsiku, ndipo makamaka tsiku lonse, kuti mudzidziwe bwino ndi zinthu zake. Nyumbayi ndi yokongola kwambiri, ndipo oyendayenda amachotsa mbali zonse zinayi, kupeza ma shoti abwino kwambiri.

Momwe mungapitire kumeneko

Kodi mwaganiza kuti muone nyumba ya Kairfilly? Kodi mungapeze bwanji malo osangalatsa awa? Kuchokera pa siteshoni ya sitima ya likulu la Wales, Cardiff kupita ku nsanja akhoza kufikiridwa ndi sitima. Kuchokera pakati pa tawuni ya Kairfilly kupita ku nyumbayi ndi 1.5 km kutali, amatha kufika mosavuta.