Cape Dezhnev pa mapu a Russia: location, mbiri, ndi zithunzi. Ali Cape Dezhnev?

Pa mapu a Russia ambiri malo osangalatsa kuti mukudziwa zonse zokhudza iwo sangathe. m'matauni ndi m'midzi yosiyanasiyana, mapiri ndi mitsinje. M'nkhani yomweyi, tikambirana zomwe ndi mbali yaing'ono, koma chofunika kwambiri ndi chidwi dziko monga Cape Dezhnev.

A mbiri pang'ono

Pamaso akuyendayenda zambiri pa Cape, muyenera kuzindikira pang'ono mu mbiriyakale ndi kupeza amene anali anatulukira ake, ndipo amene munthu amene ulemu Cape nalo dzina lake. Zikuoneka chidwi chakuti Cape mpaka 1879 ankatchedwa chabe East. Ndipo kokha mu chaka lakutali pa Potsatira zimene ya Swedish kumalo ozizira wofufuza A. E. Nordenshelda anadzatchedwa polemekeza otchuka ndi odziwika bwino Russian kafukufuku kum'mawa ndi kumpoto Siberia - Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev. Semyon yekha m'nthawi ya 17, anali ofufuza osati ndi panyanja, komanso mtsogoleri Cossack. Pa moyo wake anayamba kukhulupirira skirmishes zambiri ndi nkhondo, ndinali pafupifupi 13 anavulazidwa, zitatu zimene zinali kwambiri. Komabe, izi sanaleke apaulendo. Mu 1647 analowa ulendo Popov ngati wokhometsa msonkho wa. Ndi gulu lomweli anzanu anapita kummawa. zombo zambiri linasweka ulendo uno, koma anzake Dezhnev akadali anafika khwalala pakati pa Asia ndi America, m'mene anagwidwa ndi Chukchi Peninsula kumpoto. Pa magombe a otchedwa "Mphuno chachikulu Chukchi ndi" (ndi tsopano ndipo pali Cape Dezhnev) anasiya gulu lake, anali mlendo wa Eskimos. nkhondo yake Semyon Ivanovich zoona, awiri lotseguka yaikulu ku mfundo Hrs maganizo:

1. Inatsimikizira kuti America - kontinenti palokha kwathunthu, wosiyana ndi madzi.
2. Ndinaona kuti ku Ulaya China, mungathe kufika nyanja kumpoto, monga kupita mozungulira Siberia.

Choncho pasakhale mafunso okhudza amene anatulukira Cape Dezhnev. Chinali chinthu Semyon. Koma ponena za Khwalala, iye anatcha Bering Nyanja, T. Kwa. Mudziwe The ndawala Dezhneva ku Ulaya akhala (zonsezo akhala nkaidi Yakutsk). Choncho, anatulukira zonse n'kofunika kwambiri Zatsala kuti V. Bering.

za mayina

Chidwi ndi zikanakhala mudziwe zimene zikukhudzana mayina a Cape. Koma kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19 kuti ankatchedwa kuyenda panyanja Dezhnev. Mu masiku a moyo wa katswiriyu chabe otchedwa Big Chukchi mphuno, kapena mphuno Stone. Komanso ankadziwika ndi dzina lake, akamavutika (ie. E. wina amene sangathe kupewa). Ndipo mu 1778, Chingerezi morehodets Cook lotchedwa izo mophweka Cape East (monga adadziwika makamaka Europe), amene anavala dzina kuti Sinthani dzina mu Cape Dezhnev.

madera

Kodi inu mungapeze Cape Dezhnev pa mapu? Ndithu chabe, izo ili mu dera Chukotka, ndipo ndi mfundo kum'maŵa m'dzikoli. Kuwonjezera pa mfundo yakuti ndi mfundo kum'maŵa ya Russia kumtunda, choncho ndi mfundo kum'maŵa ya lonse la Europe ndi ku Asia. Pakuti moyo wa Cape si zothandiza kwambiri, monga ndi phompho mapiri (kutalika kwake ukufika mamita 740), amene umatha mwadzidzidzi kunyanja. Iwo lili ndi Bering Strait, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi Chukchi Nyanja (Arctic Ocean) ndi Nyanja Bering (Pacific Ocean). Ndi ofunika kudziwa ndi amayang'anira Cape Dezhnev. Izi 66 ° 04'45 "ndi. yakumadzulo. 169 ° 39'7 "W. d.

Mfundo yapafupi

Yosangalatsa kwambiri kudziwa kuti kukhala la Cape Dezhnev (mpaka kum'maŵa ya Europe ndi ku Asia) ndi Cape Prince of Wales (muyeso kumadzulo kufika North America - Alaska), makilomita 86 okha. Ndipo pa tsiku bwino apa mungathe kuona maonekedwe a kontinenti ndi - North America.

Naukan

Ngakhale Cape Dezhnev pafupifupi osayenera moyo, padakali ali kuthetsa zogona. makilomita khumi kutali ndi m'mudzi waung'ono Uelen. Pa chimodzimodzi m'dera Cape yasiyidwa whaling m'mudzi Naukan m'mbuyomo mu 18-20 zaka TH. Komabe, m'nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Soviet mu 1958, msonkhano kuchotsa anthu Russian ku United States, mudzi wakhala inasokonekera. Nthawi imeneyi panali anthu 400, imene inali pafupi 13 osiyanasiyana chachikulu. Masiku ano, mabanja ena, agogo a agogo amene ankakhala Naukane amakhala kutali, ku midzi yapafupi Lorino Chukchi, Whalen, Lawrence, ndi Eskimo midzi Sereniki, Uelkar, New Chaplin. Mudzi yokha amati ndi chipilala mapulani ndi kutetezedwa ndi malamulo a boma.

Whalen

Monga tanena yapafupi mudzi Cape Dezhnev - kuthetsa Whalen. Chidwi adzakhala mfundo izi: dzina lake lakale - Ulyk, Chukchi - Pok'ytkyn, Eskimo - Olyka. Kumasulira izi zonse akutanthauza "dziko mapeto", "kutha kwa dziko", "malo amene ndi madzi." Kuyenera ananena kuti akutali kale Whalen anali Eskimo kuthetsa, koma pang'onopang'ono m'malo Chukchi Eskimos, agwilitse m'dera zogona pafupi Cape Dezhnev. Pakali pano, mudzi pandekha utsogoleri unit. Kumeneko makonzedwe ake, ogwira ntchito zaulimi, sukulu yogonera komweko, siteshoni nyengo, malo dera, ndi sukulu ya mkaka, kuchipatala. Komanso ogulitsira yosiyana. The ntchito yaikulu m'mudzi: nyanja nyama kusaka. Apa ncho chisindikizo bearded, walrus, zisindikizo, ndipo posachedwapa China. Chimodzimodzi moyo m'madzi ndiye am'deralo ndi malonda.

Biota

Kodi wina wolemera Cape Dezhnev? Choncho, pali nyama ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana. Anthu a kunyanja ya bowhead ndi zinsomba imvi, bearded chisindikizo, m'nyanja zikuluzikulu kumalo ozizira, sculpin, fulonda, duwa m'nyanja zikuluzikulu ndi Arctic gale-. Nthawi zambiri pali nyama monga wolverine, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, kozizira nkhandweyo, kumalo ozizira chimbalangondo. Monga mbalame, amakhala ptarmigan ndi woyera akadzidzi, akhwangwala, Merlin ndi guillemots.

zipilala

Kumvetsa pamene ali Cape Dezhnev pa mapu a Russia, m'pofunika kuganizira ndi zambiri za zipilala imene inali onse pa Cape, ndipo sadali kutali ndi izo. Woyamba ndi kukopa yaikulu ya Cape - yowunikira chipilala Semenu Ivanovichu Dezhnevu. Linamangidwa mu wokongola quadrangular obelisk. Inali pamalo okwera 100 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja. Nearby pali zazikulu wakale mtanda, amene, oddly mokwanira, komabe zikuwoneka chachikulu. Komanso ndi zoona kuti m'mudzimo, Bay, chilumba ndi chilumba akhala dzina lake polemekeza kuyenda panyanja Dezhnev. Ndipo mu Ustyug Wamkulu mu 1972, Semyon anali chipilala. Tsopano pang'ono za kuona kuti kugona pafupi ndi Cape Dezhnev:

1. Uelen manda. Izi makamaka wapatali kwambiri mawu a zinthu zofukulidwa manda.
2. Ekven - Eskimo manda, lomwe masiku ano ndi chipilala zofukula m'mabwinja za kufunika feduro. M'pofunikanso ku mawonedwe a zinthu zofukulidwa.
3. Amakezana ndipo ambiri Eskimo Pamudzi, yomwe kenako inasokonekera - Naukan.

za kukongola

Pambuyo onse pamwamba tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti chinthu chidwi kwambiri Hrs ndi Cape Dezhnev (chithunzi - umboni loyamba la ichi). Apa zili m'midzi yambirimbiri mbalame. Pano mukhoza kuona zisindikizo ndi nyanja rookery - ndimasewera choonetsedwa, makamaka kwa anthu amene anazolowera izi. A masika ndiye mungathe kuona zimbalangondo ndi ana (alendo ndendende woyera zojambula chimbalangondo Umka ndi mayi ake). Nthawi kwambiri katundu wambiri tiwolokere zinsomba imvi ndi wokongola zinsomba wakupha. Ndipo pa tsiku bwino mukuonera pano, ngakhale gombe la Africa zosiyana - North America.