Bolshekhekhtsirsky malo: chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Nkhaniyi imatiuza za mmodzi wa malo a kutali uko kum'mawa. Bolshekhekhtsirsky malo, ngakhale miyeso yaing'ono, wotchuka chifukwa pakuleka yaikulu.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Ndi kuthetsa woyamba pa dera la malo pano anaonekera pa mzinda Zikhomo wa Khabarovsk (pafupifupi 1858). Iwo anakakhala ku malo Cirka Mtsinje. Mu zaka za m'ma makumi awiri panali tima chitukuko cha chuma cha Big Khekhtsir. Pa nthawi yomweyo panali mitengo zida ntchito nakhala ntchito m'zigawo za phula laimu zomera. Tima ndondomeko ya chitukuko zachilengedwe anatsogolera chakuti irreversibly anasintha malo a m'mayiko Far East. Choncho pali kufunika kwa njira kwa kusamala machitidwe ena achilengedwe.

Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mu 1946 Khekhtsir anatsimikizidwa malo zofunika m'deralo. Patsogolo pake panali vuto la kuteteza nyama pangozi komanso yosowa kwambiri.

A Bolshekhekhtsirsky malo osungirako m'gawo la mahekitala oposa 46 000 analengedwa mu 1963. Kwa zaka zambiri ankavutika m'madipatimenti osiyanasiyana, ndipo kokha mu 1976 izo anapindula udindo wa bungwe loziyimila palokha.

Cholinga cha kulengedwa kwa malo Bolshekhekhtsirsky - kupulumutsa osiyanasiyana zachilengedwe ndipo ozungulira zachilengedwe. Ndi mkati osiyanasiyana Large Khekhtsir, si kutali Khabarovsk. Choncho, kupeza malo si zovuta.

Poyamba, malo awa anakonza kukhazikitsa malo osungirako. Komabe, patapita kuti dera ndi a mtengo wapatali, koma chifukwa Malo otetezedwa analandira udindo wa m'dera limeneli.

Location

State malo nkhalango ili mu dera Khabarovsk, yeniyeni kum'mwera kwa Khabarovsk Gawo, makilomita 20 kuchokera mumzinda.

Dera la malo a chimakwirira m'mphepete osati msana wa Grand Khekhtsir, komanso pafupi Piedmont zingwe zopota. Kum'mwera chakum'mawa ndi pa otsika chinyontho. Kusungitsa mulinso dziko mu floodplain wa Ussuri Mtsinje.

Pa ake gawo pali m'tsinde, madambo mapiri alili. Mwapamwamba mfundo - phiri Big Khekhtsir. Ku North South Park akutambasula makilomita 25 ndi 34 - kuchokera kumadzulo kupita kum'mawa. Kum'mwera, ndi malire a gawo imene Tilu Mtsinje ndi kumadzulo ndi kumalire a PRC pa Ussuri mtsinje. Koma kumpoto-kum'mawa ndi kum'mawa kwa malo a kumalire kwa mzinda wa Khabarovsk.

zosiyanasiyana mitundu

Kusungitsa amakhala ndi anthu ochokera kwambiri za mitundu, amene ali otchuka m'dziko la Far East. Pa malo ochepa ofufuza olembedwa mitundu 1017 zomera apamwamba, 148 lichens, 218 ndere, 825 bowa, 222 mitundu ya mbalame, 8 zokwawa zam'madzi 50. An chidwi mfundo n'chakuti otetezeka m'dera pali kum'mwera ndi kumpoto kwachilengedwenso machitidwe, zomwe zimayambitsa ngati zosiyanasiyana.

Nature malo

Bolshekhekhtsirsky Park chidwi ndi zinyama zake. Apa mutha kuona zosiyanasiyana zomera ndi mitengo ndi chodabwitsa kuphatikiza kumpoto ndi kum'mwera mitundu. Flora zikuphatikizapo mitundu 755 ya zomera mtima. Tikuchita phunziro mokwanira ambiri a mitundu awa akhala anapeza mwa akatswiri m'madera amene ambiri sizionekaoneka m'derali. Pakati pawo: Ussuri duwa, Violet Mühldorf, raspberries Komarova, Buryat viburnum, ndi ena ambiri. Komanso, apa pali mitundu yambirimbiri ya banja Rosaceae. Iwo onse amasiyana mawonekedwe, mtundu ndi kukoma. Zosaneneka mtengo kwa obereketsa ndi chilombo mitengo ya zipatso chifukwa ali nazo katundu wapatali monga ruggedness, kukana kuti chisanu, kukana kuti tizirombo ndi matenda.

The matupi malo madzi amalima osowa mbewu - brazeniya Schreber, amene kutchulidwa Red Book.

nkhalango kutetezedwa

Bolshekhekhtsirsky malo 91% yokutidwa ndi nkhalango. Chogwidwa ndi mkungudza, spruce, larch, birch, Aspen, phulusa ndi thundu mitengo. zaka makumi asanu kudula mitengo osatekeseka ndi moto zinachititsa chakuti nkhalango coniferous akhala halved ndi yolimba, motero, kuchuluka. Makamaka kwambiri nkhalango thundu anakhala, Aspen, belobereznikov. Pa Big Khekhtsir ndi mabacteria awiri: spruce-Oil ndi mkungudza-broadleaf.

Pa m'chipululu cha m'dera limeneli chimakhala chogwidwa ndi nkhalango deciduous. Chifukwa yodula a m'dera zaka 50 ali anatsika ndi 30%. Mu malo awo anaonekera bushland, alder, birch ndi Aspen. Komanso anapangidwa wa thundu ndipo paini nkhalango. Komanso, wamba mapulo, linden ndi birch, Dahurian Amur. Pa m'zigwa chogwidwa ndi msondodzi ndi alder.

Bolshekhekhtsirsky malo: Nyama

Chuma cha dziko m'dera zigwirizana osati zomera. Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve ali dziko zochepa osiyanasiyana nyama. Chifukwa pophatikizana mwa mitsinje awiri lalikulu la Asia, dera lake ndi pa mphambano ya njira kusamuka nyama.

A kwambiri kutayika nyama dziko m'mphepete anali lathunthu mofulumira mwa akambuku, adakhalapo mu magawo. Koma anthu sable, poyamba anawononga, tsopano atha kubwezeretsa.

Ku makoswe ang'ono miyoyo kum'mawa kuno vole munda mbewa, imvi khoswe. Pa madera nkhalango-dambo akukumana Amur Hedgehog. Nyama hoofed akhoza kukumana nswala roe, mphalapala wofiira, nguluwe. Komanso, Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve (Khabarovsk dera) anthu ogwirira: nkhandwe, raccoon agalu, yoongoka. Ndipo m'tsinde ndi Khekhtsir ngakhale kukumana mimbulu. Tilu pa mtsinje ndipo makhwawa zake anthu otters. Mu kum'mawa kwa malo kawirikawiri kuti muzindikire kuda Siberia mphaka nkhalango. Komanso mu nkhalango amalembedwa ndi zofiirira ndi wakuda chimbalangondo. Laconic chizindikiro Bolshekhekhtsirsky malo lili fano la chimbalangondo pa maziko a mapiri. choyimira ichi kale kuyambira kukhala chizindikiro cha bungweli.

anthu wamba a Nkhalango zouluka agologolo, chipmunks. No zochepa osiyanasiyana ndi dziko la mbalame. Mulinso mitundu zina za mbalame ayenera kukhala woyera-tailed mphungu. Koma chiwerengero cha Chimandarini kawirikawiri anali pa mlingo khola. Kukopa kwa malo akhoza ankaona paradaiso flycatcher. Mu malo otetezedwa anthu lachikasu khosi bunting, warbler, korotkohvostki, thrushes nkhuni, nightingales-whistlers.

Pa madera foothill ndi madzi ambiri zokwawa padziko. Apa akukumana ndi Amur wothamanga, kum'mawa cottonmouth, trionychia. The achule wambiri - umodzi wa achule wamba, Far East chule, mtengo chule.

ntchito yasayansi

Kodi mtundu wa ntchito ikuchitika Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve? Kuti kutetezedwa m'gawo lake? zinthu zonse m'dera la m'dera limeneli, kuyang'aniridwa ndi ndodo, anakumana ndi chiwerengero cha mavuto pakati pawo malo oyamba ndi chitetezo ndi kuwongola wa thumba alipo. Koma musaiwale kuti sayansi m'madipatimenti udindo polojekiti udindo wa zomera, zinyama, nkhalango m'minda. Deta analandira akuyerekezedwa ndi zaka zam'mbuyo kwa ziyenera chokwanira la ntchito. Onse olembedwa Annals zachilengedwe. Kuchita antchito awo ndi zonse zikugwira kuzipenya kumunda. Panopa, anthu ogwira ntchito mayina mitundu 2850 tizilombo. koridal - Komanso, kawirikawiri woimira dziko tizilombo ndi linatsegulidwa. Annals of Nature unayambitsidwa ogwira ntchito mu 1964, tichipeza zigawo: zimachititsa chilumbachi ndi nthaka, nyengo ndi nyengo, chikhalidwe kalendala, madzi, dziko zinyama ndi zomera, zomera ndi zomera. M'madera onse awa, ntchito yayambika ndi ndodo malo pa mphindi.

njira zachilengedwe

Dziwani kuti Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve (maumboni kuperekedwa ku nkhani) ndi kukwatira osati sayansi ndi kusamala ntchito, komanso bungwe zosangalatsa kuyenda limodzi zachilengedwe njira ya otetezeka nkhalango. Mu ola limodzi, malo ndi makilomita 0,6 kwa mtsogoleri komanso kuphunzira zosangalatsa za zomera ndi nyama dera. Alendo ndi mwayi maluwa osowa. Koma kukumana nyama ndi chodziwikiratu kuti apambane, chifukwa ali zambiri zobisika moyo ndipo amayesetsa kupewa anthu.

Pa kuyenda ndi, alendo kukaona m'mbali mwa mitsinje Amur, ali ndi mwayi wapadera kuona ndi tingasulirane Khekhtsir malire kugawa gawo pakati mphamvu awiri - China ndi Russia. Ngati mukufuna kukaona malo a, m'pofunika kudziwa kuti ntchito kuno pakati mlendo amatchedwa "Khekhtsir". Zokopa malawi mu nyumba ya alendo.

Malinga ndi malo, muyenera ndithudi kukaona malo ndi malo ake apadera. Ndipo maonekedwe a pakati alendo m'gawo lake amapereka mwayi kuti mlungu waukulu mu chilolo cha chilengedwe nkhalango zokongola.

The malo ndi chinthu kupenya. Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe mukhoza kuona mbalame zambiri ndipo ndimawamva kuimba. oimira ambiri a malo a mbalame kuderako.

Momwe ndikusunga?

malo ili pafupi Khabarovsk. Isanafike akuluakulu a mzinda akhoza anafika pa basi chiwerengero 7. ndi gawo apite takisi nambala 109 kumudzi Korfovsky, kenako kuchitiridwa wapansi. Mukhozanso basi chiwerengero 107 ndi kutsika pa mudzi Kazakevichevo.

Pakhomo pa malo ndikoletsedwa alendo. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti ndi losatheka kupezeka. Aliyense ndi wolandiridwa kuyenda njira zachilengedwe ndi kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza nyama wamba ndi zomera.

Museum zachilengedwe

Mwa malo ndi kufufuta Museum ya Nature. The ndodo atsogoleri kudziwa alendo ndi oimira ambiri odabwitsa komanso chidwi pa Ussuri nayonso. Mu m'nyumbayi mukuonera zidzasintha zakale - Khekhtsir mchere, kuda nyama ndi mndandanda wa tizilombo, choyambirira zakuti zachilengedwe zipangizo. Magulu apitako mwayi kufunsira ulendo ku malo monga kumafika ndi gawo si.

Security madera

Kwa kuchita ntchito zachilengedwe a gawo kutsekedwa kwa anthu. Zonse zachilengedwe zinthu liwakhalira kuyang'aniridwa ndi ofufuza. Koma nthawi yomweyo makonzedwe a ikuchitika kukasangalala, amene amalola maulendo kudziko kutetezedwa ndi magulu bungwe ndi makonzedwe isanafike. Mokhwima amazilamulira custodial kugwirizana osati ndi kuteteza malo ndi zachilengedwe, komanso moyandikana ndi malire Chinese.