Blackleg: momwe angamenyere. Kodi kuthana ndi blackleg pa mbande

Mmodzi wa matenda ambiri zomera amati blackleg. Kodi kuthana nazo ndi chochita kupewa ngozi ya mbande (kutanthauza, ndi atengeke matenda mu malo oyamba)?

Kufotokozera za matenda

Blackleg imatengedwa matenda oopsa amene amakhudza mbewu masamba monga tomato, nkhaka, mbatata, kabichi ndi ena ambiri. Otchedwa parasitic bowa, luso kusunga m'nthaka kwa zaka zingapo. Makamaka anapeza matenda blackleg kwa mbande chakula greenhouses ndi greenhouses. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa matenda mu mbewu anati kunachita mdima wa muzu gawo la tsinde, amene kenako kumabweretsa kupatulira, n'kupanga constriction, chivundi ndi imfa. zimayambira kachilombo ndi kupulumuka, koma kwanthawi kumbuyo mu kukula, rooting ndi kupereka kukolola sadzatha.

The zimayambitsa matenda

The causative wothandizila wa blackleg matenda tizilombo bowa m'nthaka, amene nthawi musati zimapezeka mpaka pali zinthu zimene zimachititsa kuti ntchito yawo. Izi akhoza chinawonjezeka chinyezi nthaka, kusowa kuyatsa, nawonso wandiweyani munda, mpweya osauka, fetereza kwambiri kapena kusintha mwadzidzidzi kutentha. Zikatero, mofulumira kudziunjikira m'nthaka, majeremusi kuphimba mbali yaing'ono woyamba, ndi matenda mbande ndiye lonse zimakhudzira blackleg. Kodi kuthana nacho pa zizindikiro choyamba, muyenera kudziwa pasadakhale, mu nthawi kuletsa ndi kuchepetsa kufala kwa matendawa.

Bwino komabe, kusamalira miyeso njira zimene zingakuthandizeni kupewa mavuto amenewo.

kupewa

The njira yabwino kwambiri polimbana ndi matenda - mankhwala a nthaka pamaso kubzala. Nthaka kusakaniza mu mabokosi kubzala, madzi madzi otentha ndi kusungunuka mmenemo mbewu ya permanganate potaziyamu. Njira yothetsera ayenera kukhala amphamvu ndende, mdima pinki mtundu. Pambuyo 3 masiku dziko amaliona soda njira (mu chidebe cha madzi 5 supuni ya soda). Mbewu yofesedwa pa nthaka pang'ono posohshuyu, T. Kwa. Waterlogging The pamene kwambiri kumaonjezera ngozi ya matenda blackleg.

Pambuyo seeding bokosi Aziliphimbanso galasi kapena filimu ndi kuika mu chipinda kutentha anakhalabe 18-20⁰S. Kamodzi mbande kuoneka, mbande achinyamata ayenera thinned kunja komwe chodzala wandiweyani kwambiri. Kuthirira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, musalole chinyezi owonjezera m'nthaka.

Mu magawo oyambirira a chitukuko cha mbande othandiza kwambiri njira ndikamapukuta matabwa ake phulusa.

Kodi kuchotsa blackleg

Ngati simungathe tipewe matenda, ndipo ngakhale zodzitetezera, komabe anasonyeza mu wakuda mwendo wa mbande, zoyenera kuchita? Sitepe yoyamba ndi mosamala kuchotsa mbali zowonongeka chomera, pamodzi ndi maiko pafupi kuti kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda zomera pafupi. Ndiye kutsanulira otsala mmera phulusa njira (2 makapu pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi owiritsa, maola 6 ndi kuchepetsedwa mu ndowa). wamaluwa ambiri analimbikitsa amathera kudyetsa chisakanizo cha madzi manyowa, nkhuku manyowa ndi mullein. Izi zidzathandiza kuti kuonjezera kulimbikira kwa zomera.

Pali zitsanzo zambiri za kuwonongedwa kwa blackleg matenda mmera. Kodi kuthana nacho? Kuchita kuthirira njira yapadera. Chifukwa chaichi 1% Bordeaux kusakaniza sulphate mkuwa (magalamu 5 pa ndowa) kapena yankho la permanganate potaziyamu. Kutsirira ikuchitika mlingo wa 1 lita imodzi pa mita lalikulu 1.

Chifukwa cha kuumitsa nthaka akhoza kutsanulira chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi kuuluka phulusa. Izi zimalimbikitsanso mapangidwe mizu latsopano pamwamba pa zinkakhala m'dera.

Chitetezo blackleg ndi hilling

Palinso njira yabwino kwambiri za mmene angachitire ndi blackleg pa mbande. Iye ali mu hilling yachibadwa. Mwamsanga pamene mbande yoyamba, kuthirira kwa masiku 2-3 ayenera anasiya. Kamodzi nthaka ndi pang'ono adzauma, muyenera mosamala aswa okuchit zikumera ndi pamenepo pokha kutsanulira. Kuti achotse kuli zinthu ntchito madzi a bowa tizilombo adzakhetsedwa mu grooves pakati pa zomera kuti zimayambira ndi louma. Kuchita zimenezi n'kofunika kuchita pa nthawi yoyamba ya kulima mbewu. Pamene kupatulira si koyenera kuti tinyamuke zomera owonjezera, ndi bwino kudula ndi lumo, pamene dongosolo muzu zochepa zoopsa.

njira imeneyi, pamodzi ndi nthaka ophunzitsidwa bwino komanso moyenera amapereka amaposa kwambiri kukula mbande wathanzi.

chifukwa azitsamba

Nkhondo blackleg thandizo onse kumathandiza kuti ntchito wamaluwa. Izi zosiyanasiyana mankhwala Nagula m'masitolo zapaderazi. Mwachitsanzo, "fitosporin". Iwo ubwera zosiyanasiyana: mankhwala otsukira mano, ufa, madzi. nyumba imeneyi tikulimbikitsidwa kuchitira mbewu pamaso kufesa ndi utsi mbande odwala. Likhoza kuwononga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa "fitosporin" aluso ndi kupewa matenda ena: choipitsa, muzu zowola, powdery cinoni, downy cinoni. Komanso, ntchito biologicals "Bactofit", "Fitolavin 300", "Plariz".

"Fundazol" amadziwika nchito zake ndi blackleg. Komabe, constituent zinthu zake poizoni zingasokoneze osati zomera, komanso anthu. Kotero osavomerezeka ntchito m'nyumba, makamaka ngati muli ndi ana ang'ono ndi ziweto.

Ambiri kudziwa otetezedwa kwambiri ndalama thanzi kuthandiza kulimbana ndi blackleg matenda. Kodi kuthana nazo ntchito phulusa, kale tafotokozazi. Wina ntchito eggshells izi. Iwo zouma mosamala kuuluka mu mtondo, ndi ufa chotsatira owazidwa m'madera kachilombo. Soda, sitimadzipereka pa mlingo wa piritsi limodzi pa galasi theka la madzi, kuthirira mbewu anakhudzidwa blackleg.

Kusunga malamulo onse agronomic, mukhoza kukula mbande thanzi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ndipo kukolola bwino.