BFL - izo ... OFZ: tanthauzo, mitengo msika

Russian Utumiki wa mfundo Finance ndi kuonjezera nthawi ya ngongole anabwereka ndalama. The ntchito za zida boma umalimbana kuwonjezera mndandanda wa zida ndalama njira imene sankakhala ndi maphunziro. Monga mbali ya lamuloli mu 1995, m'mwezi wa June, zinachitika OFZ. Izi boma nsinga ngongole, koma ndi coupon variable.

BFL ndi chiyani?

Federal nsinga ngongole kapena OFZ - ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya sheya mu Russia, umene zoyenela kupelekedwa ndi Unduna wa Zachuma. Ndipotu, mgwirizano ndi mtundu muyezo, iwo zimaonetseratu chokha chakuti kudalirika kwa masheya operekedwa ndi boma lokha. malonda wodalirika imachitika pa Moscow katundu kuwombola. kugula kumangidwa zikhoza zidzatheka mwa wogula iliyonse. Gulani ndi sitolo OFZ nsinga ndi Russian anthu, ndipo anthu achilendo. Price pa ubale wina ndi 1000 rubles. Malinga ndi kukula kwa pepala anatsimikiza ndi zipatso zake, mofanana ndi mapulogalamu ano gawo. Cholinga cha sheya awa ndi kukopa likulu mu bajeti dziko.

Siteji yotsatira chitukuko msika

The amachita Russian OFZ yekha ndi Unduna wa Zachuma. Ndipotu nsinga yake imeneyi, mkulu mlingo wa kudalirika amene amaonetsetsa boma Russian. Ntchito OFZ unachitikira mu chimango cha Moscow katundu kuwombola. Chuma zikhoza kugulidwa mwa wogula iliyonse. Ogula ndi zopalira wa OFZ zimakhala Russian ndi achilendo mabungwe alamulo ndi anthu. Per chomangira ogula kupereka rubles 1000. Zokolola malonda chida mofanana ndi zokolola za gawo banki. Nkhani kusinthidwa kumangidwa mu 1995 chinali siteji ya chitukuko msika, pamene ali okonzeka kulandira zida ngongole ndi nthawi ya chaka kuposa wina. Obetcha kuti aphunzire kuti ntchito zipangizo zatsopano chipangizo. Malamulo ndi tsinde zamakono zinakonzedwa mofulumira kwambiri. Mu mbali sayansi ya kaikidwe ka chuma, makope awo ndi chiombolo ndi njira zofanana nawo T-ngongole.

Nsinga ndi variable coupon mtundu ndalama

BFL - izi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya masheya amene alipo akamagwiritsa angapo. Popular pepala ndi mtundu osadziwika wa variable coupon (OFZ-PK). Documents kupereka eni nthawi yoyenera kupeza ndalama chidwi nthawi. Pafupipafupi ndalama akhoza kukhala kawiri kapena anayi pa chaka. Kukula kwa aliyense wa makuponi BFL-PC anali kuwerenga nthawi yomweyo pamaso pa nthawi chiyambi cha coupon, izo zimatengera panopa GKO kumasulidwa kuti ali pafupifupi makuponi zofanana malipiro nthawi. Anandilola kupeza kuchotsera, ngati la feduro nsinga ngongole (OFZ) ndi mtengo wa kuyika mu msika yaikulu kapena sekondale, zosakwana mtengo wa alipire awo, kuphatikizapo sanatanthauziridwe. BFL - ndi sheya ndi phindu ndime ya rubles 1,000, ndi zotuluka pa 1 chaka zaka 5.

OFZ-PD, OFZ-FD ndi OFZ-AD: onse Lingaliro

OFZ-AD, PD ndi OFZ OFZ-PD - ndi maunyolo amene ali m'magulu monga sheya ndi zina coupon phindu. Makulidwe sheya analengeza za Issuer isanafike deti la magazini awo ndi zopalira awo ali oyenera kulandira ndalama chidwi zonse. Ngati gulu yapita kumangidwa, kumafuna kupeza kuchotsera pa mawu ofanana. Malinga mtundu kalembera, nthawi ya mankhwala zingasiyane 1 chaka zaka 30. Mwadzina, kupatula OFZ-FD ndi wofanana rubles 1000. Pakuti PD chipembedzo akhoza zimasiyana rubles 10 1000. umuna ndi zopelekedwa mawonekedwe. Kusunga TV kusindikiza kakatundu ndi chofunika kuti alipire ake m'tsogolo.

kumasulidwa Mfundo

Pakuti aliyense nkhani kumangidwa amakhala ndi kukhalapo kwa boma kulembetsa code, omwe ndi ofanana mu dongosolo ndi malamulo a T-ngongole. Yekha ndi manambala chachiwiri, kusonyeza mtundu wa chitetezo. Magazini iliyonse ya OFZ zokolola Chofanana ambiri mapulogalamu gawo limodzi ndi kutuluka kwa kalata lonse anagonjera mu mabuku awiri omwe kusungidwa mu depository kwa Utumiki wa Finance. Coupon ndalama - kusiyana zazikulu nsinga GKO.

OFZ msika ndi yoyandama mlingo coupon

OFZ mayikidwe a akuyandama mlingo pa Russian malonda akhalire anali umboni wa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ngongole ndi variable chiwongola dzanja. The yojambula umatheka chakuti zomangira zonse wa mtundu uwu mu dziko mpata kuchepetsa chiwongola dzanja chiopsezo, omwe mwina chifukwa kusinthasintha kwambiri chiwongola dzanja, lililonse kwa kumatenga nthawi yaitali. Kuchepetsa mosavuta zomvetsa Investor, amene amaopa kuchuluka kwawo, ndipo wobwereka amene safuna kuwanyeketsa.

Dziko m'ndende 1996 ndi mlingo variable wotanganidwa 46% ya msika. Mu Russia, kutchuka kwa OFZ-PD ikukula. Izi zikusonyeza kuti msika ungasinthe ofunika. Coupon ndalama zimaonekera osati pa nthawi ya malipiro, komanso kuganiza zimenezi mu msika sekondale. Ndi kulowa mu ndikupeleka amagulira amayenera kulipira nkhope mtengo wa ubale, iye ayenera kulipira coupon zokolola, amene ayenera zikugwirizana zogona nthawi ya kalembera kwa wogulitsa. Mofanana ndi sheya onse, OFZ-PK ndi msonkho malinga ndi malamulo.

Nawo ndalama zakunja nsinga msika

GKO-OFZ msika ndi lotseguka kwa ndalama zakunja. Apa mpando a Unduna wa Zachuma ndi oimira Bank ku Central adakula mwayi wa kapitalovkladchikov kumadzulo mbali ya ndalama mu sheya zoweta. The gawo zoweta ophunzira msika yachilendo wokongola chifukwa chakuti kugula masheya, zotuluka pa zomwe kuposa chaka chimodzi, Akuzigwira ena lonjezo. Choncho, mawerengedwe a chuma anapeza angathe kuchitidwa mu rubles, ndipo mwachindunji ku nkhani ndalama. Limadzitsegula kuthekera kwa kutembenuka zina la zasungidwa ruble mu ndalama zakunja ndi kukonza phindu, motero. GKO-OFZ - mwayi wawukulu kwathunthu kusiyanitsa ngozi mu mbiri ndalama. Pa siteji ya mapangidwe msika bongo ndi ndalama kupereka luso osati zongopeka komanso wotuluka arbitrage.

Voterani chomangira msika

OFZ msika mitengo ndi kuliika ndi variable. Chokhalitsa kapena lokhazikika mitengo zakonzedwa nthawi iliyonse coupon a magazini iliyonse payekha. mlingo variable aumbike zochokera deta nduna kufotokoza mlingo wa kufufuma. mlingo OFZ kumadalira mlingo kiyi wa Bank wa Central. Kusiyana kanjedza ndi mfundo zochepa chabe. Pambuyo kasupe wa kuchepetsa mitengo pansipa 13%, msika gulu kuyembekezera kuchepa a. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi kufunika otsika ngongole. Choncho, mu April gawo yobetcherana kwa Uwerenge rubles biliyoni 110 pa mlingo wa 12.5% anali okwanira anthu onse 75 biliyoni pa mlingo wa 13.02%. Koma kumangidwa, msika wakhazikitsa zipatso zake za 10,72%. atawalamula katatu kuposa chakudya chilipo. Osati Povljana pa zinthu yokutidwa ndi mitsinje ndalama kulankhulana chifukwa cha ziletso ndi Europe. Makampani Western chidwi mlingo, kupitiriza kutenga nawo mbali pa ogulitsira malonda a.

ndi Zolinga za boma Russian chiyani?

Pakuti Russian boma OFZ msika - ichi ndi mwayi wawukulu kutseka ngongole ndi a kuchepekedwa bajeti. Iwo ankafuna kuti apereke sheya kuchuluka kwa rubles biliyoni 250, ndi buku ukonde wa kukopa kwa rubles biliyoni 112. Pakadali pano, kuyambira chiyambi cha chaka chomwe kale anazindikira kuchuluka kwa biliyoni 93,3 rubles kumangidwa ndi buku ukonde wa chidwi ndi opanda rubles biliyoni 12.9. Pakati pafupifupi buku la chuma masheya a rubles biliyoni 150 lidzakhala kwa zaka zisanu, biliyoni 80 rubles zakonzedwa kuti amasule mapepala ndi mawu a zaka 5 mpaka 10. A okwana rubles 20 biliyoni adzakhala chikalata sheya, ndi kasinthasintha kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ambiri mwa sheya m'tsogolo adzakhala mlingo akuyandama. Malinga ndi akatswiri, ndi March nsinga wosindikiza Bank ku Central la Chitaganya cha Russia, anali kwambiri overpriced, ndipo pankhaniyi, obetcha onse akuyembekezeka kuchepetsa phindu ndi mapeto a kasupe. Kuthamanga lalikulu pa nsinga akupitiriza pa kufooka ruble.