Miyeso Paper malinga ISO

Today ife kukuuzani za kukula kwake pepala. zolalika zawo akuyamba ndi zaka za m'ma XVIII-TH. Mu 1798 wolemba German ndi wasayansi, Dr. Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, m'kalata yake yopita kwa Johann Beckmann anafotokoza yeniyeni ndi zokongoletsa makulidwe ofanana ndi muzu lalikulu la 2.

Patapita zaka zingapo, boma la France ndi kuyambitsa lamulo pa misonkho ya amalonda pepala, kunenanso kuti kukula, ali chimodzimodzi lolingana akamagwiritsa ano ISO. "Grand Register" - ichi ndi ISO ndi A2, "Grand papier" - ISO B3 ndi zina zotero. French akamagwiritsa sanakhalepo otchuka ndipo aiwala za zaka zana limodzi.

Mu 1922 Germany cholinga cha chuma ndi dzuwa tikuuzidwa Din muyezo 406. mfundo umenewu unali wosatsutsika wakuti ambiri European ndi Asia mayiko akutenga German monga muyezo dziko. Ndipo kuyambira 1975, zolemba zonse boma la United Nations ndi kukula pepala ake adalowa.

The kuchotserapo ndi maiko ku North America, ndi United States ndi Canada, komanso Japan.

Malinga ndi ISO pepala poyamba anali magulu atatu waukulu. Maziko anatengedwa tsamba dera mita imodzi lalikulu. Choncho kukula limafanana A0 mtundu. Akukhulupirira m'litali ndi m'lifupi mwa mm. Tinganene, onse miyeso ina pepala ofunitsitsa ndi kugawa mbali yaitali awiri, ndiye, ngati A0 (841x1189) odulidwa mu theka, timapeza 594h841. Ichi chidzakhala A1 kukula, etc.

Chifukwa nkhaniyo adzasenza zamitundu yonse ya kalasi A tebulo.

kalasi A ku Russia ndi otchuka. Wotchuka kwambiri amati kukula A4. Iye anagwiritsa ntchito tsiku Mamiliyoni a maudindo.

Koma mu Europe, kuŵeta sangathe potengera mtundu iliyonse. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti koposa ntchito yosindikiza zipangizo akhoza ntchito konsekonse wokhutiritsa ogula akumufuna. N'chifukwa chake pali pepala akamagwiritsa Maphunziro B. Iwo anafotokozedwa monga zikutanthauza zojambula pakati oyandikana nawo kalasi A. kuti ali, B1 zojambula zikutanthauza pakati A0 ndi A1. Ndipo akufanana ndi mtundu S-kalasi - ndi zikutanthauza zojambula pakati pa akamagwiritsa A ndi B wa nambalayi. Kuti ndi kalata pa pepala A4, mwangwiro ili mu mtundu C4 envelopu ndi pepala la A5 popanda mavuto lagona pa envelopu C5.

Zonse akamagwiritsa awa edging ndiko kuti, ndi kukula kwa pepala mabuku itatha.

Pa masamba a injini kufufuza zambiri chisokonezo ndi mtundu ndi khalidwe. Makalasi A, B, ndi C Mulimonsemo sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi pepala ndi gulu A +, B, B +, C, C + - ndi mosemphanitsa. Mbali yoyamba - ndi kukula, mu chachiwiri - kalasi ndi katundu. Magulu pamwamba chimatanthauza khalidwe la pepala magawo ena, monga osalimba, zoyera, chinyezi, pindilani, madutsidwe, kusalala, roughness, makulidwe, stiffness. Choncho, potengera anatsimikiza mtima ndi khalidwe, kuti ndi pepala mwanaalirenji gulu - ziri A, mtengo ndalama - pepala gulu mu kalasi pepala chuma - S.