Belgium: chidwi mfundo. Kufotokozera Belgium. zowoneka

Contemporary Belgium - boma ndi mwana, iye ali ndi zaka 178 zokha. Mbiriyakale ya izo M'malo mwake, akale ndi lapadera kwambiri.

Wopita ufulu wodzilamulira

dzina dziko umachokera ku mawu "Belgae" - otchedwa anthu amene ankakhala kuno kuchokera kalelo. Amadziwika Mwachitsanzo, kuti godu 54 koma N. e. dziko ili anagonjetsa wofunitsitsa Yuliy Tsezar, ndi zimene ananena mu lipoti pa Gallic nkhondo: kumeneko kale zikuoneka dzina ya anthu.

Utatha wa Roma pano bungwe n'kwawo Afulanki, ndiye m'dera kenako wadutsa kuchokera ku dzanja m'manja, pokhala gawo la duchy wa Burgundy (mapeto XV - pakati pa zaka za m'ma XVI), adzaupereka kwa Spain (kuti chiyambi cha m'ma XVIII). Zimenezi kupusa: mu 1713 Belgium - Map wa Ufumu Woyera wa Chiroma, ndi zaka 23 zokha kenako mu 1792-m, malo France.

Kenako unachitikira ku Congress wa Vienna, anakonzedwa kuti "kukhazikitsa bata mu Europe" pambuyo Napoleon 'redrawing malire. " Chifukwa cha olumikizidwa ku makina izi woyenera ano Belgium mbali ya Netherlands. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti kusintha kwa zinthu si makamaka anauziridwa ndi anthu m'dzikoli, makamaka olankhula Chifalansa.

Belgium "nambala wani"

Kusakhutira zinachititsa zisinthe: zaka 15 pambuyo anati Congress, mu 1830, "waung'ono koma onyada dziko" unakhala zimachitika palokha. Kuyambira pachiyambi linakhalapo, ndi ufumu za malamulo, amene, monga momwe anali kuyembekezera, motsogoleredwa ndi Mfumu ya Belgium, ndi fanizo kukongoletsa kwambiri. Kumene, mwaukatswiri iye ndiye amaika boma, koma zikuchokera nduna za Atumiki akhale mogwirizana ndi nyumba yamalamulo (chimenenso, ndicho mu dziko).

Umboni ndi zochitika zoseketsa, komwe kunachitika mu 1990. Ndiyeno Mfumu Baudouin Ine la Belgium kusaina lamulo mimba, koma popanda siginecha chida akhoza kulowa mphamvu. Ndiye Kupatsila anawululira chitsanzo momveka bwino chinyengo ndi kutanthauzira kolakwika, anakuvoterani kuzindikira mfumu kuumitsa sangathenso - kwa tsiku limodzi basi. Izo zinali zokwanira: ntchito mutu wa boma anapita kukatumikira pachimake kuti lamulo ndi "podmahnul".

Belgians ololera

chimalankhulidwa ndi nzika - Belgium Chinthu chofunika, amene nthawi zonse amakakamizidwa kuiona bwino. Izi zimaonekera ngakhale kasamalidwe dongosolo amati: Mwachitsanzo, boma la atumiki ndi theka French olankhula gawo la anthu, ndi zina - Flemish. Administrative magawano mwachuluka kwa mfundo imeneyi, mu Walloon ndi Flemish m'madera, motero. Wina wachitatu - Brussels, koma pali kale pogwiritsa ntchito ndale ndi zachuma.

Ambiri, Belgium ali zilankhulo zitatu boma. Kuwonjezera pa kale French ndi Flemish (Dutch) ali ndi ufulu wofanana ndi German. Ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti amalankhula yekha wa chigawo cha Liège. Ndithudi chidwi ndi ofunika emulating Belgium: chinenero, chifukwa cha zimene anthu ena kuwononga mnzake popanda akugwera kuwasiyanitsa.

Kulolerana wa Belgians, luso kukambirana, kukumana wina ndi mzake, kunyalanyaza zofooka zonse ndi tsankho kokha osiririka. Posachedwapa, anthu padziko lonse kwalimbikitsa uthenga kuti konsekonse analola akazi okhaokha ukwati mu United States. "Eka prodigy" - ali ndi ufulu wolankhula pa nthawiyi Belgium, zosangalatsa za amene ali Mwachitsanzo, mfundo zimene ufulu ngati zodyedwa pano kuyambira 2003.

Komanso, ndi limodzi la mayiko atatu Ulaya kumene kumaliza munthu mwalamulo kuloledwa. Pankhaniyi, palibe amene anasokoneza ambiri a anthu (pa 70%) amadziona Akatolika, amene ndi njira ngati kuti moyo wa anthu ooneka ngati losayenera.

A pang'ono madera

Dera la boma ndi zazing'ono - 30,5 yekha zikwi makilomita lalikulu. Anthu alinso osati chidwi: pang'ono anthu oposa 11 miliyoni (poyerekeza ndi anthu oposa miliyoni 8 London yekha). Koma kachulukidwe ake ali pakati apamwamba mu Europe.

Anthu amene ali ndi chidwi, kumene Belgium pa mapu, ayenera kulabadira lawo kumpoto chakumadzulo m'dzikoli. Kumeneko, pakati pa Netherlands, Germany, France ndi Luxembourg, ndipo umakhala (Belgians mfundo zimakhala kwambiri, boma zonse tithe pamwamba makumi awiri yabwino zinthu zambiri).

Ena zosiyanasiyana zauzimu za malo Belgium, zosangalatsa za nthawi zambiri kugona mu chosiyana ndege (anthropogenic), silidziŵika. Chitsanzo ndi losavuta: patsogolo pa gombe (kumadzulo kwa dziko caressing mafunde a nyanja North), ndi mtunda apamwamba. Pa nkhani imeneyi, Belgium wopepuka ndi lagawidwa otsika, pakati (chapakati chikweza) ndi mkulu (Ardennes phiri).

Nyengo monga iwo amati, ali kotentha, mmene ambiri a m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kapena makamaka otentha (mu July - munthu pazipita madigiri 25 pa gombe), kapena wozizira makamaka (m'nyengo yozizira - mpaka opanda atatu) kuno sizichitika. Mvula - chodabwitsa ayi osowa, ndipo ngakhale apaulendo muyenera kukumbukira kuti Ardennes lozizira kwambiri kuposa pa gombe.

mtima wa Europe

Mukayamba kuuza mwachidule za Belgium, ndi mmene Ulaya, amene timapezamo ndi wowopsa onse "azungu asintha." Sikunapite pachabe, ndi ku Brussels ndi likulu la EU ndi malamulo ya ku Ulaya, lomwe ndi yaikulu masiku ano nyumba - mmodzi wa zokopa m'deralo. Mu kalirole ambiri, amene pafupi kwathunthu anapeka khoma nyumba anasonyeza buluu wakumwamba, dzuwa likutuluka, ndi zakuda imvi mitambo.

Pitani akhoza aliyense amene anali ndi kuyambirira ndondomeko kulembetsa ndi deigns kubwera ndi chikalata kuzindikira. Pambuyo potsimikiza ndi chowunikira chachitsulo kwa mopitirira muyezo uliwonse zoipa (monga zida), izo mwamtheradi si vuto ngakhale kuti akhale nawo pa msonkhano uliwonse.

Mkati nyumba, kupatulapo malo a mwangwiro mtengo zinchito ali cafe ndi kachikumbutso masitolo, kumene inu mukhoza kudya ndi kugula monga kachikumbutso, ndipo kabukhu kakang'ono ndi mndandanda wa ufulu onse a European Union wokhala (m'chilankhulo cha anthu ake onse) angathe kumwedwa kwaulere.

History ndi Zamakono

Kumene, Nyumba ya Malamulo ku Ulaya, ukulu wake onse - osati kukopa waukulu Brussels. Khalidwe wotchuka kwambiri, akapanda ichi, palibe mtengo, malongosoledwe a Belgium, ndi wotchuka Manneken Pis, chinaonekeranso m'mabanja ambiri pa mapositi khadi ndi alendo. Iye wokonda mosatsata maofesi mwana wa Brussels ndi kutikonda kwambiri, ndipo pa nthawi ya maholide zosiyanasiyana kukongoletsa mu zovala zofanana, chiwerengero cha anthu chomwe yaitali kuposa mazana asanu.

M'pomveka kunena kuti pafupifupi chilichonse chimene chikudziwika kwa Belgium, zosangalatsa za zomwe ambiri, olengedwa ndi manja a anthu. Pafupifupi mudzi wakale monyadira chitsanzo zazikulu za zomangamanga akale.

Venice wa North ndi "Mini-Europe"

Ensembles zodabwitsa nyumba Gothic zimapanga chithumwa chachikulu ndi Brussels ndi Ghent ndi Antwerp ndi Bruges. Last mwa zina inasanduka wotchuka ngati Venice wa North, monganso flecked ndi njira kudzera amene pang'onopang'ono kusuntha bwato.

Yopapatiza misewu, mipingo wokongola, zazikulu achifumu zachifumu - zonsezi ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, mu mbiri ya Belgium zimaonekera. Khalidwe lokonda alendo pano ndi nkhawa kwambiri, maulendo ambiri ndi mosiyanasiyana, ndipo chiwerengero cha chidwi ndi otchuka moona, mwezi umodzi si kuyendera.

Koma zoseketsa Belgians kupereka mwayi pasanathe tsiku wonani mutu waukulu onse mapulani zipilala la Africa kuti: mu Brussels paki "Mini Europe" lomwe mamita lalikulu 24 zikwi, huddle pamwamba (mu kotala la kuchuluka izi) Zimenezi ndi zizindikilo zonse m'midzi yambiri mu Africa wa .. Pano, inu ndi Big Ben, Nsanja Eiffel ndi mapazi angapo Chrixitu.

Belgium chizindikiro mu dziko la chisunzo

Koma kwambiri, ndiye Belgium, ndemanga imene inalibe choimira zambiri kunyadira ntchito choyambirira cha luso limene pali zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Cathedral wa Lady wathu Bruges ndi mwini wake wa chosema "Madonna ndi Mwana" ndi Michelangelo Attribution. Ndi fano chabe la Buonarroti, amene anasiya Italy pa moyo wa mbuye, chifukwa unali lapangidwira pa mpingo uno.

Komanso, mbiri ya Belgium, lili koma tsamba lina laulemerero zogwirizana osati ndale ndi chikhalidwe: Flemish kupenta - mmodzi wa zochitika kwambiri ndi chosiyana ndi mu luso masomphenya. Iye anapereka dziko ambuye kwambiri monga Jan van Eyck, Rubens ndi ena. Ambiri a zojambula wake, penti ndi amisiri kwambiri, zasungidwa mu Royal Museum of Wabwino Tirhana, wokwatibwa ndi boma.

paradaiso alendo

Mu Belgium, aliyense ipeze sanakonde. Mukhoza nsangala kuyang'ana pa manda a zomangamanga akale, pitani m'nyumbayi wa chi sculptural luso kugona pa mchenga kapena kupumula mmodzi wa pubs m'dera: pali zambiri kuposa eyiti zinachitika moŵa umakhala (ndi anthu afalitse padziko lonse lapansi wotchuka "Heineken" Belgians amadziona pafupifupi koipa wa iwo).

Sikutheka kuti ayankhule Belgium ndipo sindinena kalikonse za mawu wotchuka m'deralo chocolate, amene amapangidwa chaka kuchuluka kwa matani 220 zikwi. Odzipereka ofufuza Internet afika masamu kuti pafupifupi aliyense Belgium amadya pafupifupi pa matailosi zakudya zotsekemera patsiku.

Ndithudi, izi si zoona, osati chifukwa "pali mabodza, mabodza watsoka, ndi ziwerengero", komanso chifukwa prosaic kuti chilungamo kuchuluka kwa chokoleti opangidwa ndi zimagulitsidwa, choncho si zimaphulika Belgians. Amene Komabe, sanataye mtima pa chochitika ichi.

Low-kiyi ndi wapadera

Low-kiyi, si aukali, koma wapadera, choyambirira ndi wapadera - achipongwe awa, amene ayenera Muyeso wathunthu wa Belgium. Chidwi mfundo za "moyo wovuta tsiku ndi tsiku" am'deralo kungachititse maola. Kaya inu musakhudze: moyo, malamulo kapena chikhalidwe - mu mtundu wonse wa anapeza njira m'deralo.

Apa Mwachitsanzo, palibe aliyense ali ndi ufulu kuphunzira Belgium, chifukwa ndondomekoyi mankhwala si monga kwambiri ndi angakwanitse onse zabwino, koma monga ndi ntchito cholemetsa. 18 - ndiyenera kuphunzira, pambuyo 18 - kupita kafukufuku ndi voti. Komabe, wotero "despotism mwankhanza" palibe amene amamva analakwira kuti atsimikizire anasiya emigration. Choncho, palibe amene amafuna kupita - ndithu mwake. Ndipo Belgium atsimikiza alendo chodabwitsa: ndi lachiwiri (pambuyo Canada) mu dziko chiwerengero cha alendo nzika.