Arapaima (nsomba): kufotokoza, malo okhala ndi zithunzi

Arapaima - chilombo Nsomba ya Amazon. thupi lake kutalika zina ukufika mamita 2.5, ndi kulemera akudutsa 2 quintal. Izi chilombo madzi kale chidwi asayansi, monga miyeso awa chimakhala ndi madzi oyera nsomba. Choncho, khama ambiri m'zaka zapitazi kufufuza mbali zonse za moyo wa Arapaima.

Mlendo kuchokera kutali kale

Kwa nthawi yoyamba arapayma unadonthezedwa asayansi European kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XIX. Ndiye ife anafotokoza kuti chilombo chachikulu yemwe amakhala beseni ya Amazon mtsinje. Koma posachedwapa, asayansi anatha mokwanira kufufuza mbali zonse za nsomba. Iwo likukhalira kuti arapayma - mlendo ochokera kudziko lakutali zapitazi, kukhala yeniyeni kwambiri, malasha mitundu. Kuti ndi mapeto asayansi ali anakankhira kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe ake, amene ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi chilichonse chimene ife anazolowera lero.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi choona kuti Arapaima - lungfish. Izi zikutanthauza kuti akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya yozungulira ngati gwero yaikulu oxygen. Kumbukirani kuti nsomba ambiri akumanidwa mwayi zimenezi, kupanga mdani wathu kwambiri wapadera. Komanso, musakhale monga iye "kuwala", ndi kalekale akanafa. Ndipotu, ndi kukula kwake chachikulu cha madzi amatope ya Amazon sitingakhale kupereka chofunika kuchuluka kwa mpweya nsomba.

Arapaima chimphona: Kufotokozera

Mbali yaikulu ya nsomba ndi kukula kwake. Pafupifupi akulu kufika mamita 2 m'litali, koma ife tikudziwa Nthawi zambiri pamene asodzi anagwira oimira wokulirapo wa mitundu. Choncho, kwa tsiku, nkhani likhalebe wa Arapaima, kutalika kwa amene anafika chilemba cha mamita 4.5. Kulemera kwa nsomba wamkulu zimasiyanasiyana makilogalamu 180-220.

Ngati ife kulankhula za maonekedwe a Arapaima - nsomba ndi thupi yaitali, pang'ono wothinikizidwa pa mbali. mawonekedwe ake ali ngati Pike, ngakhale wokulirapo. The dorsal ndi zipsepse kumatako zili kumapeto kwa nsomba, kupanga mtundu wina wa mchira lonse. chikhumbo china chofunika kwambiri ndi mamba ikuluikulu. Pamodzi kupanga bwino mauna chitsanzo, limene limaonekera ngakhale mu madzi a matope.

Koma mtundu, chikhalidwe anapatsa arapayma kuwala maolivi mthunzi. Komanso, mu kuwala kwa mamba ake shimmering mkuwa, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale malankhulidwe wofiira. Izi zimaonekera makamaka pafupi mimba ndi mchira wa nsomba. Koma chigweranso kuti thupi lonse chilombo ndi odzala ndi kapezi. N'chifukwa chake Amwenye otchedwa nsomba "pirarucu" kutanthauza "nsomba wofiira".

m'dera

Arapaima - nsomba, imapezeka ku South America. Komabe, lero angapezeke mu zigawo zina za dziko, koma anabweretsedwa ku obereketsa payekha. Choncho, beseni Amazon ndi malo omwe pirarucu kupulumuka kuthengo. Ngati tikambirana ndondomeko yeniyeni, ambiri omwe mitundu opezeka madzi linali la Peru, Brazil ndi Guyana.

Mwa njira, kale izi nsomba nawonso padziko la Columbia mtsinje, koma chifukwa nyengo kusintha zinatha kwathunthu. Anapeza zokwiriridwa amati Arapaima otsiriza anakhala pano mu nthawi Miocene, mwachitsanzo zaka miliyoni 5-10 zapitazo.

malo

Arapaima - nsomba ija, choncho wakonda madzi zonse madzi. Kwa madambo wangwiro ake, namsongole atachuluka ndi zitsamba. Apa iye akhoza kupeza osati zonse kunachitika m'mene angatetezedwe, komanso kulumikiza ndi gwero wolemera chakudya: touluka nsomba zina, mollusks, ndipo ngakhale achule.

Chifukwa cha kukula kwake lalikulu ndi tcheru kusintha kutentha madzi. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kwa kagayidwe yachibadwa pamafunika kutentha. Kotero iye amayesetsa kupewa madzi ozizira ndi anthu m'madera a mtsinje, kumene kugunda ozizira makiyi. Koma kutentha umabweretsa mtendere, umboni ndi limasimba asayansi.

chakudya

Arapaima - mdani nsomba. Pa nthawi yomweyo, anapatsidwa kukula kwake, inu mosavuta ndikuganiza kuti wozunzidwayo akhoza kukhala iliyonse wokhala ndi Amazon mtsinje. Kwakukulu zimakonda kudya nsomba zina ndi invertebrates, amene ali olemera mu mapuloteni. arapayma Komanso musazengereze aziphedwa zovunda, ndi kuti sanali kutsindikiza kuwononga piranhas.

Komanso, ngakhale kufanana lingamutsatire pirarucu amatha kukulitsa liwiro ndi lalikulu kwambiri ndi kuchita zinthu nyama. Koma asayansi ambiri kukwapula kuti arapayma akhoza kulumpha mwa madzi ndi nsomba nyama gaping. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kulumpha nsomba mbalame kapena buluzi mwakachetechete atakhala pa nthambi.

khalidwe Features

Amazon Nsomba - Arapaima - sakonda kuwononga mphamvu pa gulu zosafunika. Choncho, pa nthawi imene si kusaka, chilombo mwakachetechete basking dzuwa. Ngati madzi mu mtsinje kwambiri turbid, izo amakhala pamwamba pa nkhope ndi kamwa mokweza kudina, Pomeza mu "kuwala" mpweya otentha. phindu akhoza kugula holide imeneyi, adani zachilengedwe iye kwambiri.

Modabwitsa, ngakhale piranhas musakhudze izo. Chifukwa - amphamvu Arapaima mamba, amene akutumikira monga zida wake wangwiro kuwateteza ku mano lakuthwa kukhetsa mwazi chilombo. Choncho pirarucu ngakhale kulabadira chakuti lotsatira kunyumba kwa wamphamvu mnansi. Adani okha Arapaima lero ndi ng'ona ndi anthu, motero anaika yamasika view ili pa zobvuta kutha.

kubalana

Kubereka mtundu kukonzekera mu chaka chachisanu cha moyo wake. Pa spawning, nsomba akufunafuna malo osaya ndi oyera mchenga pansi. Apa iwo adzatha kukumba chisa dzenje, kenako adzakhala anachedwa caviar. Chochitika ichi chikuchitika mu mochedwa April - oyambirira May, pamene madzi ukufika kutentha mulingo woyenera.

Pankhaniyi, makolo musatisiye chisa mpaka mwachangu mpaka onse si aswa. Athandize izi zikuchitika mofulumira, pasanathe masiku 2-3 "ana" Arapaima amabadwa. Kenako kutsatira bambo ake, omwe nthawi yonse iyi, wayamba iwo. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, iwo ali zopangitsa yapadera yomwe ili pafupi ndi diso. Iwo secrete ndi puloteni yapadera kuti akutumikira monga gwero chakudya cha nsomba achinyamata masiku 7-10.

Pirarucu ndi anthu

Today Arapaima - nsomba, umafuna chidwi cha mabungwe zachilengedwe. M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi anthu ake waponya kwambiri, chimatipangitsa asayansi kuwomba Alamu. Ndi zimenezi zinachititsa kusalankhula kugwira nsomba am'deralo. Ndipo ngati masiku akale, Amwenye ntchito mikondo yekha ndi maukonde amamwa, ndi kubera ku Ulaya, iwo aphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito "Mubalane" njira kugwira mtsinje chiphona.

Phindu la boma ku Brazil anakhazikitsa moratorium okhwima Nditamuona Arapaima. Tsopano n'zotheka kusaka kamodzi pachaka, pa nthawi mwapadera yoikidwayo. Pankhaniyi, poyamba asodzi ayenera kupeza chilolezo kuboma, mwinamwake iwo adzakhala akuyembekezera Chilango chaukali. Komabe, mbadwa ambiri kuphwanya lamulo limeneli, kuyambira kugulitsa nsomba imodzi, iwo akhoza kulandira ndalama wofanana malipiro awo pamwezi.