Anthropological chiphunzitso cha Lombroso

Cesare Lombroso ndi chimodzi mwa azamisala wotchuka ndi opalamula Italy. Ngakhale kuti anthu ena amakhulupirira kafukufuku wake anapezazo zokayikitsa, Lombroso chimatengedwa ngati tate wa mumaganiza anthropological pa milandu.

Wophunzira zaka maphunziro

Cesare Lombroso anabadwa mu 1835 mu mzinda ku Italy Verona. Nditamaliza sukulu yapamwamba Lombroso anayamba maphunziro ake pa yunivesite ya Pavia, kumene adali chidwi Anthropology, neurophysiology ndi maganizo. Aphunzitsi anakonda wophunzira Lombroso - iye anali wakhama kwambiri, kuchita osati pulogalamu, komanso yowonjezera. Pofuna kumvetsa bwino kusiyana pakati pa mafuko Cesare ngakhale anayamba kuphunzitsa zilankhulo - Chinese ndi Chiaramu. Komabe, patapita anasankha yosiyaniranapo imene dziko anadziwika chiphunzitso anthropological wa Cesare Lombroso.

Experience m'ndende

Mu zaka 18, Lombroso anali kumbuyo zitsulo, monga nawo gululi kwa kugwirizana kwa Italy napeza akuganiza mu chiwembu boma. Wophunzira anamasulidwa mu mwachilungamo nthawi yochepa: analibe ngakhale anapeza mangawa maphunziro. Koma kukhala mu chipinda anapanga kukoma kuganiza pa iye. Mnyamatayo anali odabwa mmene mwamwano zinthu cellmates wake, ndi zimene zimaonetsa ali nazo. Cesare ngakhale kuganiza kuti anthu awa amavutika cretinism. Chiphunzitso zigawenga Lombroso ndi lingaliro la chilengedwe ake afika kafukufuku mu nthawi ino choopsa ponena za moyo wake.

Muyeso wa olakwa payekha: kuti luso limene tingaphunzire mu ntchito kaniografa

Mu zaka 27, Lombroso membala wa kugalukira otchuka, anamenyera ufulu wa anthu ake ku Austria. Pambuyo azandale atatha ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa opandukawo, Lombroso anapitiriza ntchito yake mu wagawo ndi - tsopano monga dokotala nkhondo. Pa nthawi iyi, iye kachiwiri amalenga mapulani yake chipangizo kudziwa zigawenga. Kaniograf, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku ndi kuyeza mphuno, chibwano ndi zikope amaganiziridwa zolakwa zosiyanasiyana, kafukufuku wa sanatisiye tsiku limodzi.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, anasonkhanitsa kwambiri deta zimene zinachitika kwa iye zosayembekezereka lingaliro, zomwe tikuphunzira chiphunzitso lonse la Lombroso. Wasayansi kuti ngati zigawenga sali, ndipo amabadwa? Ndipotu, malinga ndi wasayansi, ndi kupanda ndi "cholowa" cha munthu, chomwe analandira kuchokera ku zinyama.

Okha monga zigawenga, Lombroso adakhulupirira, ayenera kuwaganizira maganizo kupepera, kapena likunyonyotsoka - ichi ndi udindo waukulu, umene potengera chiphunzitso cha Lombroso. Mitundu ya zigawenga amadziŵika ndi kafukufuku deta kunja. akuwakayikira onse, nkhope anayeza Lombroso anali ndi makhalidwe amene anawapanga iwo amaoneka ngati anthu wosazindikira. Low pamphumi lalikulu chibwano, pafupi anapereka maso - izi ndi zizindikiro, malinga ndi zomwe anapeza asayansi timakonda kuswa lamulo anthu.

Yoyamba chowunikira bodza, kungoti Lombroso

mawonetseredwe kuonekera chibadidwe kuchita chigawenga sanali yekha kafukufuku chilakolako. Tikumbukenso kuti zipangizo katswiri analandira zochepa kwambiri otchuka kuposa chiphunzitso anthropological wa Lombroso. Wasayansi zachitika wotsogolera wa polygraph ano. Kenako chipangizo limeneli linkatchedwa "gidrosfigmometr". Ndi Kutulukira wake Lombroso anayeza kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi pansi pomufunsa, kuyesera kupeza zochita za chamoyo mafunso amenewa.

Kusiyanitsa wosalakwa kwa oipa: za zatsopano woyamba ndi chipangizo

Pamene Lombroso ntchito chipangizo kwa nthawi yoyamba pa kufunsidwa kwa iye anali akuganiza mu kuba. Pa kuyankhulana ndi kuwerenga detainee palibe anali wosiyana alipidwa - watilakwira sipanatenge ayankhe iliyonse. Pamene iye anafunsidwa za chinyengo ndi zitupa yachilendo, Bodza loyamba chowunikira analemba kusintha magawo. Kenaka zinadziwika kuti interviewee anali kwenikweni chipani chisokonezo ichi.

Mayeso lotsatira anasonyeza kuti akuganiza ngati za kugwiririra. yazamalamulo mabungwe ndi chidaliro kuti Adawaononga, psiti, kwenikweni, ndi Pimp mwachizolowezi. Koma pamene wofufuzayo anamuonetsa chithunzi chimodzi mwa anthu, ndi gidrosfigmometr analibe kusintha mu thupi ya ule akhadawisa ankaimbidwa. Onse mfundo Lombroso wofufuzayo chabe inkaweyulidwa - ankakhulupirira kuti interviewee kotero dzanzi kuti milandu awo kuti chisoni, ngati lingaliro la mantha, osadziwika kwa iye.

Ndiye zamaganizo wotchuka adafotokoza za akuganiza kuti athetse ndi masamu vuto zovuta kupeza ngati izi ziri zoona. Pamene detainee anaona ntchito chipangizo yomweyo kufufuzidwa izo - kutanthauza kuti ndi kumuopa koma kudziwika. Posachedwa chiphunzitso cha Lombroso anatsimikizira - atafufuza anawulula ponena zenizeni, ndi akuganiza sankadziwa mmene angathetsere mavuto, izo Mpake anamasulidwa.

Popeza chipangizo katswiri Cesare masinthidwe kwambiri. Koma mpainiya munda lero imatengedwa kuti ndi criminologist Italy. Masiku ano, polygraph ntchito osati munda wa yazamalamulo, komanso makampani akuluakulu.

Chiphunzitso cha namatetule Cesare Lombroso

Mu 1863 adaona kuwala kwa buku Lombroso yotchuka lotchedwa "Genius ndi misala." Iwo anali ngati maziko mudziwe mankhwala zinapezedwa kafukufuku pamene ntchito kuchipatala cha anthu amisala. Kukhwimitsa Lombroso anatembenuka khalidwe wodwalayo, ntchito zawo, mitu iwo kusankha zithunzi zawo kapena nyimbo. Asayansi akuyesetsa kupeza momwe mukhoza kuweruza maganizo a analenga.

Chiphunzitso cha namatetule Lombroso, chimene chinapangidwa pa maziko a kuzipenya wake, anati: luso luso ndi tinatengera - zokwawa kwa makolo olumala maganizo. Pambuyo Lombroso anapanga mfundo zawo, anayamba kuyang'ana chitsimikizo mu mbiri yawo. Ofufuza anayamba kuphunzira biographies wa anthu otchuka ndipo anazindikira kuti ambiri a iwo anali namatetule, koma misala. Pakati pawo anaphatikizapo Mwachitsanzo, Mozart Oimba, Beethoven, Glück.

Chiphunzitso cha Lombroso za namatetule Choncho, pa mlingo mofanana ndingaliro neurotic ndi luso. Imodzi mwa mfundo mokomera ake Lombroso ankakhulupirira kuchuluka tilinazo ngati wadwala matenda okhudza ubongo, ndipo mwapang'ono. Kusiyana monyanyira awiriwa, monga wasayansi ya - mu mmene anthu amachitira m'dzikoli. Limodzi ndi chochitika chimodzimodzi namatetule akhoza kukhala choyambitsa kwa kutsegula, pamene neurotic - kuyambitsa matenda ambiri aubongo.

Anthropological chiphunzitso cha Cesare Lombroso: talente Ayuda

kafukufuku anapeza okha ubale chidwi pakati pa dziko ndi chiwerengero cha anthu aluso. Mu malo oyamba chiwerengero cha geniuses ndi amanjenje, ndi Ayuda. Lombroso anafotokoza chitsanzo motere: anthu achiyuda zonse kuzunzidwa, kotero izo zinali wokongola nkhanza kusankha. kafukufuku inatchula kanjedza zotsatirazi: Anthu 384 mwa Ayuda pali munthu openga.

Anthu a chipembedzo cha Katolika, chinthu ichi ndi kasanu m'munsi. Lombroso ankaganiza kuti ndi kutengera za kumtundu, monga kuyenera maphunziro ndi chinthu cha mwapang'ono. chiphunzitso Lombroso lofuna mothandizidwa ndi ena mfundo zotsogolera wasayansi. Mwachitsanzo, ananena kuti mfundo yakuti banja ankaimba nyimbo ndi Bach 8 mibadwo ndi anthu 57 anali wotchuka mu munda.