Andes: pamene iwo ali, chimbuzi ndi zokopa

The Andes ali wofuna kwambiri pa Utali wa dongosolo phiri la dziko. Iwo anatambasula makilomita zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu limodzi lonse South America.

malo

M'mapiri Andes pa mapu intersect yotakata gulu trohsotkilometrovoy limati zisanu ndi ziwiri. Ena mwa iwo ndi yaikulu: Peru, Chile, Argentina, Colombia. Lonse kumpoto cha kumadzulo kwa Africa ndi chivundikiro lonse la Andes, kumene kuphulika yogwira ndi chimbuzi wa maiko awiri American.

Wamkulukulu phiri dongosolo akuchita lachiwiri ku dziko. Ngakhale kuti mapiri zaka mamiliyoni ambiri, iwo kupitiriza kukula.

Mwachirengedwe, mapiri lagawidwa magulu atatu: Northern, Kumwera ndi Central. Izi magulu amene amapanga Andes, amene nawonso, n'kupita atatu nyengo: subtropical, otentha boma yamphamvu. Iwo amaonetsera zosiyanasiyana kochuruka kwa mitundu ndi machitidwe nyengo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Andes ndi ambiri wofuna nyengo chotchinga pa dziko kuti ndiyo nyengo ya kontinenti lonse.

Pachimake apamwamba a ku America

Phiri Aconcagua, limene lili kumadzulo kwa Argentina, pafupi ndi malire a dziko Chile, ndi phiri lalitali kwambiri m'dzikoli. kutalika kwake - 6,96 Km. 32,65 S, 70,01 W The - ndondomeko Hrs mwa phiri. Andes, chifukwa pamwamba izi, anakhala otchuka pakati okwera.

Chitunda woyamba wolembedwa anali mu 1897, mgonjetsi - M. Zurbriggen (Switzerland), pa nthawi anali pachimake pamwamba pa anagonjetsa.

Tsopano Aconcagua chitunda pachaka za zitatu ndi alendo miliyoni theka, amene 75% za okwera - anthu a ku Ulaya ndi United States. Ambiri a iwo kusangalala ndi njira yosavuta, amene sikutanthauza kukwera zida. Ngakhale izi, pa phiri, anthu akufa chaka chilichonse. chifukwa ndi lakuthwa ofukula dontho, zomwe zimabweretsa phiri matenda, ndi nyengo siili bwino. Komabe, alendo ndi thanzi labwino bwinobwino kukwera pamwamba, natenga pamodzi nawo zithunzi zambiri komanso wosaiwalika Mipikisano tsiku kulimbana ndi kutalika.

Kukwera phiri la kufunika kwa alendo kwa pafupi masabata atatu, kuphatikizapo siteji mokakamiza acclimatization. Kuti akwere pamwamba, mufunikira chilolezo wapadera, zomwe, malingana ndi nyengo, ndi ku 300 US $ 700 zakwawoko (Argentine Peso). Chilolezo adzafupikitsidwa maulendo (osati pamwamba) ndalama zochepa.

Titicaca

Nyanja ndi dzina zosowa Titicaca ndi waukulu kuposa dziko. Iwo lili Andes dongosolo phiri, kumene malire a Peru ndi Bolivia, pamalo okwera makilomita 3.8. Anatambasula m'litali mwa 190 Km ndi 80 kuchokera m'lifupi, limafotokoza zoposa zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu makilomita lalikulu. Pa nyanja ndi 41 chilumba, ambiri zili ndi anthu.

Titicaca ndi chimodzi mwa zilumba zambiri akulemekezedwa mu dziko ndi chopunthira cha chitukuko lachinsinsi la Ainka. Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro za anthu wamba, kholo lawo, ndi lodziwika bwino anayambitsa Viracocha, wochokera mu kuya kwa nyanja kuti amangenso chitukuko, amene anafa pa Chigumula. Polemekeza izi, ndi zinthu zina chamadzulo pa zilumba nyanja anamanga malo ochuluka, ndipo ambiri zapakati 500 BC

Colca Canyon

Mmodzi wa zowoneka chochititsa chidwi kwambiri za Andes ndi Colca Canyon. Chopambana pafupifupi kawiri kuya kwa Grand Canyon, izo ngozi mu pamwamba makilomita anayi lathuli. Ndi alonda chigwa akupereka maganizo chodabwitsa cha Andes, pamene pali, kuphatikizapo mapiri yogwira monga Ampat, hualqui-hualqui, Sabankayya. Psuu malo otchuka - Cross wa Condor, dzina lake chifukwa ndi inu mukhoza kuyenda pansi pa madzi kutsatira okwera ili, mphungu, chenjerani nyama. kukopa wina wa chigwa - kwambiri ya kumapiri m'minda (ngakhale dzina la chigwa likumasuliridwa kuti "khola").

Travel mbali

Chifukwa cha zosaneneka za yaitali, zosiyanasiyana ndi abwino, ndi Andes Mungapeze Echo mu moyo wa pafupifupi alendo. alendo yogwira adzapeza zosiyanasiyana kavalo ndi kukwera njinga ya osiyanasiyana mtunda. Okonda chakudya zosowa akhoza kulawa zakudya za mayiko asanu ndi mitundu yambiri okhala iwo. Mwa njira, malinga ndi mfundo European, mitengo ngati wodzichepetsa. Aliyense athe kuwunika chikhalidwe chosiyana adzakhala chidwi ndi Mosiyana ndi mzinda wamakono ndithu ndi zokhalamo Zakachikwi mwala ndi akachisi wakale, miyala imene akukumbukirabe chikondi mitima ya anthu, anawasiya ansembe zakuda.

Pakati pa mizinda ambiri m'derali, ofunika kukacheza, mukhoza kusankha kwabasi La Paz unali pa mtunda wa makilomita atatu ndi theka kutali, ndi otchuka kuphulika ake, mzinda wa Arequipa. Ikulu El Misti yaitali mpaka mzindawo, 6 makilomita kutalika - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mapiri apamwamba mu dziko. Ngakhale kuti kuphulika lotsiriza la El Misti zinachitika mu 80s wa atumwi wotsiriza, si kufooka Khamu lalikulu la alendo, amakopeka ndi kukongola kwa malo awa.