Amphibious galimoto Vaz-2122. Vaz-2122: specifications luso, zithunzi

Nkhani ndi za zitsanzo monga zodabwitsa monga Vaz 2122, tiyenera kuyamba ndi mfundo yakuti tiyenera mwapadera. M'nthawi ya kusinthika Union magalimoto Soviet analenga kwambiri ntchito chidwi kuti boggle m'maganizo. A ambiri zitsanzo experimental mbali sangaganize ndi ntchito anatipatsa chiyembekezo bwino kwambiri. The Mwachitsanzo kuunikira - nazonso. Amphibious galimoto zapatsidwa kwambiri chidwi. A Vaz-2122 (chithunzi cha izo zili m'nkhani wathu) anali ndendende cholinga kugonjetsa mitundu yonse ya mavuto dziko ndi madzi.

"The Russian galimoto makampani - opusa ndi opanda chifundo"

Ndi mawu zambiri mungathe kumva osati kuchokera mkamwa mwa ziziyenda, komanso anthu amene alibe nawo akuyendetsa galimoto. Mawu ambiri awa kumayambitsa ntchito za AvtoVAZ. Pa nkhani "chifukwa chiyani?" Pali Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana mayankho.

Anthu ena sindimakonda Kuyang'ana kwa munthu - lamanja kapena magwiridwe zosafunika. anthu ambiri amadandaula za kudalirika pang'ono, ndipo ngakhale masiku ano chikhalidwe "BPAN», aakulu Sound ndi monga zambiri chifukwa namondwe wa maganizo, zina zabwino, ndipo nthawi zambiri zoipa. anthu angati - malingaliro ambiri. Koma musaiwale kuti si nthawi zonse galimoto Volga anali wotopetsa ndi mtundu womwewo, ndi magalimoto labala pano pa intervals ena nthawi, kupitiriza chidwi lero.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Ndi kutsegula kwa Volga galimoto fakitale asilikali panali chidwi chachikulu pa chilengedwe cha asilikali galimoto kuchokera msewu, ntchito kwambiri zinthu. Poyamba, lingaliro la kukhala chitsanzo cha Vaz 2122 sanali mothandizidwa ndi kasamalidwe mbewu a.

Osayamba motsogozedwa mapulani izi Mwachitsanzo inayamba mu 1970. Ndiye okonza ndi Alangizi anauzidwa kufufuza chiyembekezo cha msika wa magalimoto ankhondo ndi SUVs, komanso zotsatira za yamasika mu njira ya nkhondo mu Middle East ndi ku Vietnam. Wa zitsanzo zonse zilipo anasankhidwa Mayiko Scout, Ford M151, komanso zoweta Oise, osati siriyo, komanso zingamuthandize.

Zochitika loyamba

Experimental amphibious onse mtunda-galimoto Vaz-2122 "Mtsinje" poyambirira anayamba kupanga pa njira imene zomera ndi anakwanitsa polojekiti Peter Prusov. The dongosolo lenileni linali kulenga yothandiza asilikali Jeep. Ngakhale izi, asilikali mofulumira wamuuza, omwe anasonyeza kuti n'zotheka kudutsa zopinga madzi, osati pa mawilo, komanso wolimba.

Kumayambiriro 1971, Yuri Danilov anapereka woyamba zojambula zambiri kwa galimoto amphibious. Pamene, mu 1972, ku malo a ntchito mlengi anaikidwa A. Eremeev, anayamba kumanga mawonekedwe m'ziwawa. Chotero hudsovet ndi zinakambidwa mu 1974 kenako naye. Kunja, woyamba Vaz-2122, amene zithunzi Tingaone m'nkhani silinena chikhalidwe natatorial. chakuti galimoto imawoneka SUV sankaganiza, sangathe akamagwiritsa pa madzi.

Kufanana ndi Vaz-2121 "Niva"

Popeza chitsanzo inamangidwa 2122 pa maziko a chinyozo "Niva", kusiyana kunja kwa kholo zake achule sanali yaikulu. Kumene, pang'ono chodziwa kukula chifukwa cha mawonekedwe wapadera wa thupi. Koma stuffing luso ali sinasinthe kwambiri m'kupita - yemweyo injini mphamvu 1,58 litraii gearbox pang'ono kuchuluka zida chiŵerengero cha peyala waukulu, umene unali wofanana 4,78.

Nkosafuna kunena kuti thupilo pang'ono modernized, zinaonekeratu, makamaka pa underside galimoto. Kuti adziteteze ingress osafunika chinyezi kwa mfundo zofunika galimotoyo, HIV ndi injini, komanso patsogolo yosalala pa madzi, pansi pa chitsanzo Vaz 2122 anapanga athyathyathya ndipo kwathunthu losindikizidwa. Inde, sanali pochitika amaona zina mavuto kugwirizana ndi kutenthedwa mayunitsi.

E2122 - zitsanzo loyamba

Choncho, mu 1976 woyamba prototypes awiri zidalengedwa. Pambuyo kukonzekera zonse zofunikira ayamba m'munda mayesero awo. Chinthu choyamba chimene anali n'zosadabwitsa - permeability. Ngakhale pambuyo kuwonjezeka kukula ndi kulemera wonse, galimoto bwinobwino kuthana ndi mavuto alionse pa mlingo nthaka ya jeeps, monga Mwachitsanzo, UAZ.

zopinga madzi musakhale chopinga kuti sakanakhoza kulephera kusangalatsa. Vaz-2122 (zonse mtunda amphibious woyamba zino) zinali zabwino ndithu, koma wina. Polingalira za pansi chatsekedwa anayamba kusonyeza kuipa mu yozizira injini ndi kufala zigawo zikuluzikulu. Chifukwa - kutenthedwa ndi kuwonongeka mosayembekezereka. Akamayamba zinthu zatsopano, ndipo posakhalitsa anaona kuwala kwa mndandanda chachiwiri chipangizo.

2E2122 - ntchito pa nsikidzi

1978 anasonyeza zotsatira za ntchito mokwanira polojekiti. prototypes awiri amenewa anali kachiwiri, chimene zikuoneka sinasinthe kwambiri m'kupita. Mbali yaikulu ya kalirole zitsulo, anaitenga ku Kamaz. Yomwe inayamba mu 1979, mayeso, mwatsoka, asonyeza kuti vuto la kutenthedwa mayunitsi anakhalabe pa mlingo chomwecho.

Komanso, kufala chitsanzo Vaz 2122 sangaime katundu amene analenga nkhondo iye. chifukwa chachikulu breakages kugona kusintha magawanidwe zida za nsapato-gudumu. Chifukwa cha - ntchito yafika deadlock a.

Pofuna kupewa malfunctions n'kofunika anali processing mwatsatanetsatane gearbox, kuti zingatanthauze kusiyana kumene yogwirizanitsa ndi "Niva". Pa okwera mtengo kwambiri, nafuna kuti magawowa dongosolo lonse kuti kuchepetsa katundu pa Gawo ndiponso ikuluikulu. kusintha kwambiri diverged makasitomala. Koma August 27, 1981 anavomereza chitukuko ichi kubweretsa zina polojekiti moyo.

3E2122 - kukhazikitsanso lonse

Pamaso kutulutsidwa kwa nyemba chachitatu cha kusintha lonse sanatsatiridwe, chifukwa chimene galimoto Vaz-2122 analandira ufulu kukhazikitsa zina. ZOSINTHIDWA ankafuna kuonjezera mtendere wa dongosolo lonse zonse mtunda amphibious. Mu 1982 anadza prototypes poyamba, amene anali zosakwana yoyamba kukula.

Kumbuyo overhang kusanduka 100 mm. Ndipotu, miyeso kukhala ofanana ndi Vaz-2121 "Niva", ndi matayala anaika pa "wosafa chizindikiro cha makampani Russian galimoto." Main awiri kuti zinasintha, kuwapatsa iwo zida chiŵerengero wofanana 4,44. Komanso, mogwirizana ndi makasitomala zakhala ndichepe payload la makilogalamu 360 400 makilogalamu, ndipo buku onse a thanki mafuta zochepa malita 80 mmalo mwa yapita 120 umboni ndi kuchepetsedwa mu unyinji ndi msinkhu wa zitsulo omwe anapangidwa bampala.

3E2122: zotsatira

The kusinthidwa lachitatu sangathe anatembenuka monga opambana kwambiri. Anagwirizana ndi makasitomala injini m'malo pa zochepa mphamvu (Vaz-21011), buku la malita 1.3, walola kudalirika kwambiri za makina. A reducer patsogolo zasonyeza anawamasulira kupitirira thupi lenileni, amene anali akadali monga airtight ngati nkotheka. Ndipo ndi kuwonjezeka rediyeta yozizira fani, ndi kuwonjezera chizindikiro chachiwiri cha kuchuluka choncho kuzirala kutengerapo.

zaluso zonsezi athandizikira ndi kuipa yapitayi, ndi mayeso Vaz-2122 galimoto, specifications amene pa nthawi kuposa zonse zimene timayembekezera, anadzionetsa mwangwiro.

Patency pa dziko ndi madzi, si sakuyenda ngakhale kuchepa mu buku la injini ndi mawilo ang'onoang'ono awiri. Lathunthu pulogalamu mayeso kunachitidwa pa dera la Turkmenistan m'chipululu ndi phiri mipita mu Pamir. Ndipo izo zonse-mtunda galimoto anapulumuka bwino.

400 Series - gawo lachinayi la chitukuko

Mu 1983, zitsanzo zitatu ndi anatumizidwa manambala PT-401 anakhazikitsidwa pa maziko a lachitatu m'badwo Series 2122, 402 ndi 403, motero. Iwo mwapadera kukonzekera mayesero pa mlingo boma.

miyezi yoposa isanu zapita mayesero osiyanasiyana zitsanzo za mtunda wa 30 000 Km, kukhala wolimba kwa maola oposa 50. Kumapeto kwa ntchito boma wapangana kuti galimoto Vaz-2122 (akuyandama "Field") akuyesedwa pa zofunika pamoyo, komanso likukwaniritsa zofunikira za mfundo boma ndi makampani, TTP ndi zina zolembedwa luso.

Komanso, pano akuti, chimene, Jeep anali akulimbikitsidwa kupanga siriyo ndi umwana. Kunali kofunika kukonza yekha osakwanira mabuleki kudalilika pa okwera mkulu, kuyambira ndi okwera ndi mkulu (4000 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja ndi apamwamba) wiritsani madzimadzi ananyema pa mochedwerako.

Series 500 ndi 600 - zaluso ang'onoang'ono

1985 zinali zodzaza ndi kutuluka kwa m'badwo 5 cha toyesa mayeso. Ndemanga zonse pa 4-zino akhala zatchulidwa, ndipo anaona kuwala kwa zina zakuti 10 Vaz-2122, mfundo imene latheka kukhazikitsa mu mitundu yonse ya nyengo ndi mmene chilengedwe.

Malinga ndi malipoti zosatsimikiza, 5 (kapena 6) galimoto anali mu utumiki wa mayunitsi zosiyanasiyana za nkhondo ndi opareshoni nkhondo. Otsala 4 magalimoto anakhalabe pa chomera mayesero awo.

Chifukwa okha zabwino mayankho ochokera asilikali, pamodzi ndi chidwi chachikulu cha alenje ndi anglers kuti chozizwitsa cha luso zomangamanga nalo lonjezano kwa chitsanzo siriyo kupanga. Lathunthu mayeso pulogalamu upezeke bungwe State kachiwiri amalangiza amphibious onse mtunda-galimoto kwa kuŵeta mu 1986. Ndipo 1987 zinali zodzaza ndi kutuluka makope atatu mndandanda chimodzi chimene ena a zaluso la akatswiri a mbewu akhala akuyendera.

Mzimu galimoto

Ngakhale pikhabuluka la chitsanzo, ndi maganizo okha amene ambiri kukonzekera ulimi ang'ono-ang'ono ali asanayambe. mfundo ndi yakuti kumapeto mayeso munda wa mndandanda wa 6 wa asilikali ofunika kuwachotsa mu yoyandama mkulu galimoto kampani, ndi koyenera kuti chiyambi cha ulimi wa rubles 6 miliyoni anali chovutitsa kuukitsa mtengo wa boma ndi AvtoVAZ.

polojekiti Anatseka ndi galimoto inasanduka Ciphoko. Komabe, zitsanzo zaposachedwapa zilipodi, koma mu zinthu zochititsa chidwi zosiyanasiyana. Vaz-2122, chithunzi cha amene tsopano - mmodzi wa zikumbutso lomaliza iye, anakhala ndiribe wopereka maloto mafani ambiri wachangu wa polojekiti.

Mu manja a mwini chi

Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo 6 Series, pambuyo ntchito anatembenuka, anali mu manja a munthu wa chilengedwe ndi kupanga Ngopambana "Mtsinje." Chifukwa chakuti a agonjetse zaka chitukuko, Valery Domanski kubwezeretsedwa Vaz-2122 "zoyandama Niva".

Kumasulira kwa Mwachitsanzo izi zingatenge zosiyanasiyana masamba osindikizidwa. Komabe, zonsezi tiyenera yekha pounikira nthawi imene amphibian ukadali wokwatibwa ndi Valery (tsopano mu Museum wa OJSC "AvtoVAZ" njira). Pamaso kulanda mwachindunji galimoto amasonyeza kuti anatha kukwera atolankhani a "Auto Review", amene anabwera anasangalala kwambiri ndi osaneneka khalidwe la mphamvu msonkhano ndi chipangizo. Iwo tikuphunzira review, kuti pa dziko makina khalidwe ngati yachibadwa "Niva", koma pamene Vaz-2122 akuyamba ake "akuyandama", iye alibe wolingana. Onse-mtunda amphibious mwangwiro chililaka osati ataima madzi, komanso otaya mitsinje. Atabatizidwa anasankha monga "madzi youma" kayendedwe komanso akupitiriza pa dziko popanda vuto. Mawu, osati galimoto - maloto!

A pang'ono za chisoni

Mwatsoka, gawo ili la makampani magalimoto sangatengedwe kukhala ku maganizo a ogula kagawo kakang'ono. Tatseka pa kuuzidwa mu kupanga chipangizo anali ndi chiyembekezo kwambiri ndi chiyembekezo mafani ambiri mozama kusaka kapena kusodza. Ngakhale mlingo wochepa mphamvu, koma mtanda wabwino pa mtundu uliwonse nthaka ndi padziko madzi, "Mtsinje" ndipo sanali kupeza yekha manja a mafani woona.

Tikumbukenso kuti nthawi imene munakonza siriyo yopanga achule, wakhala kovuta mbiri ya mayiko Soviet Union. Mwina ndiye chifukwa chake ngati zochitika zikuluzikulu ndi kumizidwa mu chisokonezeko. Kale sipafinikanso iwo dziko masiku ano, n'kuyamba hovercraft ndi zaluso zina makampani magalimoto. Chifukwa cha - imodzi mwa ntchito kwambiri zingamuthandize ndi zachilendo mu makampani onse m'banja galimoto wasanduka unwitting komaliza korona wa zomangamanga.