Ammayi Tatyana Okunevskaya: yonena, filmography ndi moyo

Tatiana Okunevskaya - mmodzi wa actresses kwambiri zachikazi ndi yosadziwika wa mafilimu a kanema Soviet. Mwina achinyamata dzina lake sadziwa kapena sakudziwika konse, koma Okunevskaya mukudziwa bwino filimu mafani 30-40s. Mafilimu ndi nawo ake - ndi "kalikiliki", "Night wa Belgrade", "Hot mvula". Koposa zonse, Tatiana Okunevskaya amadziwika mabuku ake ndi odziwika bwino ndi udindo wapamwamba amuna Mu zaka zapitazo, pakati pawo Konstantin Simonov, Josip Broz Tito - Yugoslavia polimbana Boris Gorbatov, amene ankakhala si chikondi, koma chifukwa adali akufunika thandizo la ndalama. Iye anali mkazi indomitable, yodziwika m'mbali ndi chifuniro chitsulo. Ndipo zonse izi pamodzi ndi kukongola, wokongola ukazi kusungidwa mpaka masiku otsiriza, ndi uncharacteristic Soviet Union kugonana.

zaka, achinyamata

Anabadwa Ammayi Tatiana Okunevskaya March 3, 1914. Ndinakulira wachikondi, kulambira anthu ochita amayi, agogo, ndi atate wake, ndi amene atsikana anali paubale kumukhulupirira. Ali wamng'ono kwambiri, iye anamva zambiri kuchokera Papa - Kirill Petrovich - ndi Bolsheviks, ulimi ndi mavuto amene angakumane nawo pa moyo. Woyamba za mayesero a moyo anali Tatiana treteklassnitsy deduction wa 24 TH kusukulu chifukwa chakuti bambo wake mu Civil nkhondo anatenga mbali ya azungu a. Mkulu wa asilikali tsarist, iye anali zonse akubisala, ndipo komabe anakwanitsa kukhala m'ndende katatu. Tatiana makolo ngakhale fictitious chilekano, monga banja alibe wakhudzidwa. Tanya anasamutsidwa ku sukulu yomwe inali moyang'anizana muholo ya Stanislavsky ndi Nemirovich-Danchenko. Mutu wa bungwe anavomera kubisa mfundo zosasangalatsa mu mbiri Okunevskaya.

Tsoka la Ammayi ndi anatsimikiza mtima mwachisawawa

Tanya sukulu ali ndi zaka 17 ndipo nthawi yomweyo anayamba kugwira ntchito mu Commissariat of Education mthenga. Mu yomweyi, madzulo anakaphunzira pa maphunziro zojambula, ankasirira makolo ake, koma ankadana izo. Anayesetsa kukhala wophunzira wa Institute of Zomangamanga, koma anavomereza, kotero ndi Auditor anapezeka nkhani. Tatiana Okunevskaya ankaganiza kuti aphunzitsi angayamikire ntchito molimbika ndi kuyesetsa adzalola kuti azindiphunzitsa. Mwina zonse Chikanachitika nchiyani ngati si mpata chokumanako, chimene anatsimikiza moyo wake wonse m'tsogolo.

Okunevskaya ntchito filimu anayamba ndi msonkhano mwachisawawa msewu, amuna awiri anamuona ndi chidwi ngati wokongola, anaitanidwa kuti akaonekere mafilimu. Tatiana Okunevskaya, mafilimu amene kenako adzaona dziko lonse, mwapoyera anamukana, podziwa kuti uwu sagwirizana ndi bambo anga, koma adiresi anachoka. Choncho, mwina mwake. Patapita nthawi mtsikana kachiwiri anapereka kukumana ndi dziko la mafilimu a kanema. Pa nthawi imeneyo, banja analibe bwino za nthawi, ndipo Tata kuti tisaletse vuto la ndalama, anavomera. Choncho dziko la filimu anathyola Tatiana Okunevskaya.

moyo Wambiri Ammayi ndi

Mwamuna wake woyamba - wophunzira-wosewera Varlamovym Dmitriem - Tatiana anakumana mwa filimu. Nkomwe mnyamata akufuna kuti formalize asapita boma, 17 wazaka Tanya yomweyo anavomera, ngakhale kuti iwo sizinawasangalatse bambo ake. Mwatsoka, ukwati sizinagwire ntchito. Mwamuna ndi moyo zakutchire, analilumpha ndalama zonse odyera, osati kuzipereka kwa banja, kumene ndekha ndi Tatiana mu mikono yake kale kakakazi.

Pomaliza, Tatiana anatenga Inga pang'ono ndipo anabwerera kwawo kwa makolo ake. Apo iye anali atazunguliridwa ndi chikondi ndi chisamaliro, koma ogwetsa kusowa kwa ntchito.

Pa nsonga ya kutchuka

Mu 1934 mwayi Tatiana anatembenuka ndi maso Mikhail Romm, pamene wokhala mkulu film, anam'pempha kuti nyenyezi mu filimu "kalikiliki" (pa mankhwala a Guy de A Maupassant). Pambuyo filimu imeneyi ntchito, pamene Tatiana chinaoneka ndi atsogoleri, ndi omvera, iye nyenyezi mu filimu "Hot mvula", limene anapereka udindo patsogolo. Uyu ntchito filimu nakhala wakuti Ammayi lapansi. udindo wake anali wamtima wapachala, achigololo ndi waluso kuti Okunevskaya chidwi ndi kugwa m'chikondi ndi anthu onse. Tatiana yekha anadabwa kutchuka wake, osati kumvetsa chifukwa iye anali wokonda omvera. Wotchuka pa nthawi wotsogolera Nicholas Okhlopkov anapereka mtsikana kuyesa dzanja lake pa zisudzo ntchito ataonera kuti "Hot mvula".

Tatiana Okunevskaya, filmography amene amapangidwa chidwi chachikulu pa theka wamwamuna wa anthu, kenako anavomereza kuti ntchito zake zabwino ankaimba pa siteji. Ntchito yake yoyamba inali Natasha mu sewerolo "Mayi" ndi buku Gorky a. Lotsatira anali zisudzo: "Othello", "Iron Stream", "mwini nyumba ya alendoyo," "NYAKHONDO Good Schweik" kusonkhanitsa nyumba zonse za oonera amene anabwera kudzaona achinyamata ndi wokongola zachilendo kwa dziko zisudzo. Zonse zinayenda bwino: ntchito Tatiana ndi banja lake. Koma kubwera 1937 ...

lowopsya 1937

Atate ndinamangidwanso, agogo ake anatenga. Home, iwo sanabwerere. Only mu 50s m'ma Tatiana amvela kuti anthu pafupi anawomberedwa pa manda Vagankovsky poyamba anakonza manda patatha miyezi itatu kuchokera tsiku kumangidwa. Yekha katswiri wa zisudzo, amene anatembenuka mwana wa "mdani wa anthu", bwaloli maganizo ndi kuchotsedwa kujambula. Pamaso Tatiana pachimake linali funso la momwe, m'nthawi yovuta kuzidyetsa wokha, mayi ndi Inga pang'ono. Ozungulira mafani ake, osati ukwati kuti Ammayi mosavuta kuthetsa mavuto ake onse ndalama.

Mu 1938 Okunevskaya anakwatiwanso. Osankhidwa anakhala wolemba bwino Boris Gorbatov, amene anakumana naye mu cafe kwa atolankhani. Monga anavomereza ndi Ammayi ndi, kusuntha anakakamizika ndipo analamula kuti banja kuti tichotse umphawi. Pambuyo pa ukwati, ntchito yake akuchita kachiwiri akwira pa phiri. Okunevskaya analandira mu gululo wa Lenin Komsomol, ndipo iye anakhalanso amakonda mwa anthu kuonera co-nyenyezi mu mafilimu "May Night" (1940) ndi "Alexander Parkhomenko" (1941).

Okunevskaya ndi Beria

Kuti tsokali wake, wachikoka Ammayi ankakonda Lavrenty Beria - membala wa boma Stalinist. Izo zinachitika pa limodzi la zoimbaimba usiku kuti Stalin ankakonda bungwe. Ku dziko la mafilimu a kanema ndinapita panali Mark Bernes ndi Tatiana Okunevskaya, filmography umene uli makamaka bwino kwa mafani wa 30-40-ntchentche mafilimu. Tsiku lina madzulo, Ammayi woitanidwa ndi analidziwitsa kuti Stalin kuti apite usiku makonsatiwo. Pakuti Tatiana ankayendetsa galimoto imene anali malosimpatichny osadziwika munthu. Iye anayambitsa Lavrentiem Beriey ananena kuti Stalin akadali akupitirirabe asilikali akulu, mpaka nthawi imeneyo kudikira naye. Zazikulu Beria, kumene iwo anali atapita, tebulo anali amalimbikitsa chakudya, Beria anadya, namwa kwambiri, nthawi zina amatchedwa Stalin ku chipinda china. Kenako anapita kuti makonsatiwo sadzapezekapo. Tatiana Okunevskaya ndi Beria yekha. Tatiana mzere wa buku lakuti: "... anagwiriridwa ... kuchitika mpaka kalekale ... sazindikira ... palibe kuthawa."

Izi zisanachitike, maganizo ake onse akuyesera kuti apeze Leonid Lukov - wotsogolera filimu Soviet, Nikolai Okhlopkov - ndi wosewera otchuka, Nicholas Sadkovich - Wolemba wotsogolera, ndakatulo Mikhail Svetlov. Iwo amawaitanira Tatiana sanali anayankha.

Inu kuti amangidwe!

Mu 1946, Dziko la Soviet Union anaganiza kusonyeza aliyense kuti Russian akazi - si anamwino ndi snipers, monga Europe ndinaganiza. Tatiana Okunevskaya anayenda ndi zoimbaimba 5 mayiko, anali paulendo bwino kwambiri Yugoslavia, omwe ankadziwa "Night pa Belgrade" wabwino. Okunevskaya anaitanidwa kulandira mtsogoleri wa dziko Broz Tito, adadza ku msonkhano ndi maluwa wakuda pa pamakhala amene anali akadali akutsikira mame. Mosapita m'mbali kuti iye sakanatha kukwatira Ammayi, chifukwa si olandiridwa m'dziko la maukwati ndi alendo, ndipo anadzipereka kuti akhalebe ku Croatia, kulonjezedwa Tatiana kumanga filimu situdiyo. Okunevskaya ungakhale, zingakhale chobisika. Koma Ammayi anabwerera kwawo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo aliyense yopanga "Sirano De Berzherak" iye anatumiza wakuda maluwa mtanga ndi Tito, amene anabweretsa zisudzo kazembe wa Yugoslavia. Zinatha mpaka December 1948, pamene chifukwa Tatiana sanabwere. alonda awiri popanda chilolezo chabe anamusonyeza cholemba: "Inu ndi kumangidwa. Abakumov. "

imodzi yokha ya kufunsidwa ndi, wapolisiyo umanena kuti Okunevskaya kale bwino Abakumov - nduna ya boma la USSR. Iwo likukhalira kuti hotelo "Moscow", Iye anali kuphunzitsa ake ndi kundipsompsona, ndi Ammayi Tatiana Okunevskaya anayankha mbama a. Anakumbukira Ammayi ndi kale mu Lubyanka.

Ine Okunevskaya! Chotero simunamuone!

Moyo Mwambi Okunevskaya, kumuthandiza zaka, anali motere: "Ine sindili ngati wina aliyense." Wotchedwa "ufulu" sankaoneka ngati wina aliyense. Kamodzi mu chipinda pa mtengo m'ndende wakupha anafuula kuti: "Kodi inu munayamba kuphwanya, hule. Ife sitinaonepo konse ngati ". Ammayi anati: "Ine Okunevskaya. Chotero simunakhala anakumana panobe. " Ndithudi, opha nyama mkazi, mzimu wolimba, wozunzikirapo anali konse. Tatiana Okunevskaya sanataye. M'malo mwake, tinapanga wamphamvu.

Okunevskaya nthawi ananena kuti amamvera ndiponso kuganizira. Kukhala woona ichi makamaka ofunika abwenzi, chifukwa Ammayi anauza choonadi chenicheni si nthawi zonse zosangalatsa, zambiri zoipa ndi lakuthwa, koma owopsa ndipo adawopa kuti ena kulankhula. Iye sakanakhoza kukhala chete nthawi, anali munthu monyanyira zonse: onse mu ntchito ndi ubale, yomwe, ngati unatha, ndi nkhanza si nthawi zonse zokongola. Tatiana Kirillovna akhoza kuchotsa ndi zoyenerera mawu imodzi kuti "aphe pa malopo." Padziko pambuyo tirades ake wapakamwa yekha anagwirizana ndi izo, palibe sindikanakhoza kunena mokweza choonadi, koma iye. Kamodzi imodzi maphwando Ammayi, liukitsidwa Tilandire, anayang'ana pa chithunzi cha Stalin ndipo anati ndithu mokweza, "Chijojiya Bay - Sungani Russia" ndime imeneyi sikuti wapita ku manja ake, zokhudza kumangidwa wotsatira.

Moyo m'misasa

Okunevskaya Tatiana Kirillovna adatsutsika pansi Article 58,10 - propaganda odana Soviet ndi nsautso. Kwa miyezi 13 Ammayi mtima anavutika wozunzikirapo wapolisiyo, osati amayamba provocations kamodzi. Chifukwa, iye anali m'ndende zaka 10 ndipo anatumizidwa ku msasa, ndipo pambuyo pake anali atatu. Pali Okunevskaya pafupifupi theka 5 zaka, pamene nthawi zonse modekha ndi mayi wake ndi mwana wake kangapo anali pafupi kufa ndi njala, pafupi kufa kwa purulent pleurisy. Ndipo ngakhale mu zinthu izi, Tatiana anali ambiri abwenzi, mkulu wa kasamalidwe msasa wochititsidwa zoimbaimba kwa akaidi.

Apa, m'misasa, Tatiana anakumana chikondi chake. dzina lake anali Alex ndipo iye anali kusewera mu timu propaganda pa accordion lapansi. rehearsals izi ndi zopambana ndiyembekezera Tatiana Okunevskaya. "Tsiku Tatyana a" - ndi memoir, imene anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane nthawi imene m'misasa. Pakati pawo iye linatulutsidwa oyambirira mu 1954. Alex anakhalabe mu msasa, pambuyo kumasulidwa kwa tsoka lake zinali zomvetsa chisoni. Iye anamwalira ndi chifuwa chachikulu.

Boris Gorbatov pa nthawi ino anasiya mkazi wake, anapita kwa msewu mwana wake wamkazi ndi amake, ndiye m'banja. Anamwalira ali ndi zaka 42 kuchokera sitiroko a.

Patsamba latsopano ...

Mu moyo wa Tatiana anayamba gawo latsopano. Mayi anga atamwalira. Mwana kukwatiwa. Iye anali moyo Levushka m'bale, amene anamangidwa pa mapeto a 30s lapansi. Atatuluka, Tatiana anabwera maudindo zisudzo Lenkom koma uko pafupifupi sanapereke, ndipo posakhalitsa zonse ntchito.

Ndi kanema nayenso sunayambe. Patapita zaka ziwiri, atabwerera ku msasa Tatiana nyenyezi mu mafilimu "Night Oyang'anira" motsogoleredwa ndi Vladimir Suhobokova. Iye anatenga udindo wa zoipa ndi kutchuka sanam'bweretsere, komanso mu ntchito filimu wotsatira.

Zaka m'misasa kwambiri anakula thanzi la Ammayi, koma kodi izo. A zakudya okhwima, anati yoga ndi zibwenzi zambiri, nthawi zonse litapotanitsidwa pa mapazi ake, anabwerera Tatiana kukongola kale ndi chithumwa achilengedwe.

Ngakhale romances namondwe, m'munsili moyo wake wonse, Tatiana nthawi akulakalaka oyera ndi yowala chikondi, chomwe chinali chosakwanira. Iwo akayaka zovuta ndi kudya, koma anamuphonya mwachidule ake. Koma kuti amakonda muyaya: ufulu, kukongola ndi kuona mtima. Tatiana Okunevskaya, wina moyo kunali chipwirikiti, nthawizonse wakhala ali mu anamuperekeza wake munthu amene analiza fumbi lake, anayang'ana pa iye, ankavala matumba. Mmodzi mwa iwo anali munthu wosewera Archil Gomiashvili. Malinga ndi mwana Inga, Archil Gomiashvili ndi Tatiana Okunevskaya wakwatira.

Ndiye Ammayi anali nkhani kuposa wina; m'tsogolo izo anakhala munthu amene ndamudziwa mnyamata. Iye anali zabwino kwambiri, wanzeru, ngakhale lankhosa Okunevskaya ku Paris.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Tatiana Okunevskaya, mbiri yomwe inali lapadera, wolema pa khalidwe ndi chisoni, ankakhala pa "kufa ndifuna Ine, koma sindidzalola ndikupempha." Malinga ndi abale, Okunevskaya konse complexed za kusowa kwa ntchito, sankadandaula ndi sanapemphe thandizo. Ngati kunali koyenera kuti - kupeza! Izo zikhoza kukhala zinthu wovutika: misewu, magulu a kumidzi, mahotela m'chigawocho, kumene pa basi wosweka anayenda konsati brigades. Ammayi akhoza wokaona dziko mu zaka 70-80, mpaka tsiku lomaliza kukhala palibe munthu yozungulira.

Pamene Okunevskaya mawu "pantchito" palibe zamtopola kwa. Pakati pa achinyamata Tatiana Kirillovna mumamva chimodzimodzi. Ngati akubwerera unyamata wake, ndi maphwando ndi kuvina mpaka m'mawa mpaka inu kusiya. Ndipo ochepa a unyamata akhoza mokwanira kupikisana ndi izo. Pa nthawi yomweyo Tatiana Kirillovna nthawi zokwana iwo. Okunevskaya kutikonda kwambiri misonkhano ndi zidzukulu zake, mofanana ndi mu mzimu, kukhala kupitiriza ake.

Mu zaka kuchepekela Tatyana Kirillovna Okunevskaya anali kwambiri mawonekedwe thupi, koma ngakhale mu chaka 86th wa moyo, anaganiza opaleshoni pulasitiki (woyamba iye wapanga zaka 58), omwe anakhala koopsya kwa iye ndi Ammayi anabweretsa chiwindi C, amene pambuyo unakula chiwindi matenda enaake ndi khansa mafupa. Pambuyo Tatiana kuti zaka ziwiri anakhala mu bedi, kumenyana ndi matenda, ndipo nkomwe alola kukaona achibale, chifukwa sindimafuna kumuona iye ngati boma zoopsa. Chaka chatha Okunevskaya moyo anakhala pakati kunyumba ndi kuchipatala, kumene ulendo wake womaliza kwa adotolo ananena kuti iye anabwera kwa iye kufa. May 15, 2002 Tatiana Kirillovna wapita. Pa Vagankovsky manda - kumeneko, pafupi ndi manda a mayi ake m'manda Tatiana Okunevskaya. Tsoka la Ammayi, chomwe chinkachitika njira zovuta za moyo sizinali zophweka. Okunevskaya anamaliza ulendo padziko lapansi zaka 88.