Amene anatsegula English Wakuba Frensis Dreyk?

Wotchuka English Wakuba Frensis Dreyk anachita Zopatsa Wakuba pa zaka 26, mu 1567. Ngakhale zaka zake zoyambirira iye anali membala wa Hawkins 'ulendo. Drake May 24, 1572 tidapita ku Plymouth mu kusambira zonse. Iye anaganiza nazo chombo anu "EVA ZINAWATHERA". Wamng'ono m'bale Francis, John, anapatsidwa ntchito m'chombo, "Pasha" wina. Drake pa ntchito imeneyi ndi maulendo ena anasankha Wakuba anawazunza mu Nyanja Caribbean pa chilumba cha Pines (tsopano Chisumbu cha Youth) ndi gombe la Cuba.

Francis anabwerera pambuyo ambiri "zochuluka" mu England November 3, 1580 Koroleva Elizaveta anamulandira ulemu waukulu. Iye anabereka Wakuba lupanga limene linalembedwa kuti ngati Drake ndi kugunda, kutanthauza kuti mu ufumu wa zinasokonekera. Elizabeth linalandira Sir Francis mutu. Iye anakhala asilikali a British Navy ndi ya phungu. Zachilendo, sichoncho? Komabe, zonse izi Frensis Dreyk anali choyenerera. M'dzinja 1580, anabwerera osati kuchokera kampeni kuberana kwazaluso. Francis dziko lonse. Nditawerenga nkhani imeneyi, muphunzira kuti anapeza Frensis Dreyk ndi zotsatira za ulendo wake. Ifenso mwatsatanetsatane mmene kudutsa ulendo yotchuka.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti palibe wina anamuuza kuti agwire kuzungulira, ndipo pambali, ndi Pirate sanali kulinga izo. Masiku amenewo, ambiri atulukira Hrs zinalengedwa ndi mwayi, chifukwa cha zochitika zadzidzidzi.

Kukonzekera kusambira

Frensis Dreyk mu chaka cha 1577 anamaliza kukonzekera kampeni Pirate. Iye anakonza kupita Pacific (kumadzulo) South America. Maphunziro akhoza kugwiritsa mothandizidwa ndi ogula otchuka, amene anali Koroleva Elizaveta yekha. Ganizo la msonkhano linali losavuta: ku Spain sanayembekezere kuukira kugombe la kumadzulo kwa America South ndi mwina nyanja kapena mtunda. Chotero, inu mukhoza pafupifupi ndi kulangidwa kulanda zombo ndi midzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Nyanja, kuima mu San Julian

Sitima Francis Drake (panali 4) kumapeto a 1577 anachokera Plymouth. Mwamsanga April chaka chamawa Mzembela ali pakamwa pa mtsinje. La Plata. Chifukwa yochepa amasiya, iwo ankapita kum'mwera. Mzembela anapita m'mphepete mwa nyanja Patagonia. Ili ndi dzina la Argentina ano, anakafika ku Khwalala of Magellan kwa bedi mtsinje. Río Negro. Mu San Julián Bay kum'mwera kwa Patagonia, ndi flotilla Francis anaganiza amasiya. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, amadziwika kuti Bay izi Magellan nyengo yachisanu June - October 1520

Mavuto amene amakumana timu

Zitatha izi kuletsa flotilla anapita Koma kale zombo atatu. Popeza kuti sitima wina anali olakwika ndipo anatenthedwa mkulu wa Drake. Posachedwa apaulendo anafika Strait of Magellan. Wake tortuous ndi zovuta za fairway sadzachitanso anatha kugonjetsa masiku 20. Amalinyero anali kuvutika ndi kuzizira. Zinali July, ndipo cha Kumwera kwa dziko lapansi, ndi mwezi ozizira. Pomaliza, gulu patsogolo Pacific Ocean ndi apitiriza kulimbikitsa kumpoto mpaka kotentha. Mwadzidzidzi, achifwamba anamupeza mkuntho wamphamvu. ngalawa imodzi mwa atatu akusowa. M'malo mwake, anagundidwa ndi kumizidwa kwina m'nyanja. Sitima ina kachiwiri analowa Khwalala of Magellan. Mzembela, chilikupita chombo anakwanitsa kubwerera ku England. Pali ngalawa imodzi yokha. Icho chinali flagship wa Francis Drake "Golden kunsana".

Drake anapanga anapeza munthu

Sitima pambuyo pa chimphepochi kunapezeka kuti mpaka kum'mwera. Frensis Dreyk anaona kuti Tierra del Fuego umatha kuno. Iwo unali kum'mwera kwa nyanja yaikulu. Ndicho chifukwa, mwamwayi, kukhala yofunika anapeza m'mayiko ambiri. Zinali zoonekeratu kuti Tierra del Fuego - chilumba. Poyamba ankaganiza kuti anali mbali ya dziko osadziwika. Kodi anatsegula Frensis Dreyk, anali ofunika kwambiri. Kenako Khwalala pakati Antarctica ndi America South mpake linadzadziŵika ndi Drake fupi.

Cholimbana zombo Spanish, olemera zofunkha

Ocean potsiriza mtima pansi, ndipo nyengo bwino. Atazindikira ichi, Frensis Dreyk waganiza kupitiriza ulendo uno. Pirate walunjika kumpoto chombo umodzi. Poona ndi moyandikana wa mayiko wa gululo cheered. Amalinyero anayamba kuiwala mavuto kuyenda, zomwe iwo akumana m'dera la Tierra del Fuego pambuyo anafika woyamba zombo Spanish. Chifukwa cha kuukira pa iwo agwira "Golden Deer" kenako mwakhetsa ndi ngale ndi golide.

Drake popanda Akufunika osati kutenga moyo wa anthu amene agwidwa. Chifukwa cha ichi, Wakuba opaleshoni chinachitika ndi pafupifupi palibe kutayika gulu lake. Drake anakhala ndi Chile Indians asapita pafupifupi wochezeka. Kupezeka kwa vinyo, chakudya ndi akazi a mitundu wamba, wolemera zofunkha anakhala mphotho ya mavuto ndi kuopsa nawo. Drake analanda galleon Spanish, amene anali kunyamula zodzikongoletsera ndi golide amene ankawalamulira American ku Spanish zopereka. Siyense Wakuba akhoza kudzitama bwino zimenezi. Analandira chuma chachikulu chotere kuti zidzasowa kale kutumiza. Kunali koyenera kuti abwerere kwawo, koma bwanji?

kubwerera

Kumene, Francis sankadziwa ndipo sanathe kudziwa za mapulani a ku Spain. Komabe, ngati mkulu wodziwa, iye anatha mwachidwi zimene zombo Spanish, kufuna kumupha, ipyole Khwalala of Magellan kwa. Ndipo kotero izo zinachitika. Kunali koyenera kupulumutsa anthu okha ndi zokometsera chandalama. Ndipo kodi Frensis Dreyk? Iye anaganiza zopita kumpoto, kusunthira kugombe la kumadzulo kwa America. M'litali njira iyi ndi zodabwitsa. Drake anatenga nyanja ku Tierra del Fuego (kumene, kuima kangapo pa gombe) m'mphepete mwa nyanja Chile ndi Peru, ndi Mexico ndi ku Central America dziko kugombe la kumadzulo kwa United States lero. Mu kumapeto anakwanitsa digiri 48 N, ndiko kuti, kulipanga ilo mpaka kumalire US ndi Canada lero. The utali wonse wa njira iyi ndi osachepera 20 thous. Km, monga galimoto ikuyenda si mosamalitsa pamodzi meridian lapansi. chombo anamaliza gombe la America.

Cham'munsi ndi kutali ndi kugombe la kumadzulo swerved. Othawa chizunzo, Francis anali wokonzeka, ayenera kukwaniritsa Atlantic Ocean, atazungulira North America. Komabe, kunali kosatheka kuti achite, monga achifwamba ndidali wosadziwika ngati pali njira. Pali njira imodzi yokha kuchokera - kutembenuka kumadzulo, kupeza okha zikusowa ya Pacific Ocean. Likupita kum'mwera kumadzulo, Drake anafika Marianas pambuyo 3 months. chombo wake ngakhale miyezi 1,5-2 asamukira pakati pa zilumba za Molucca zilumba. Drake m'dera tikhoza kukumana ndi Zombo Zankhondo Chipwitikizi kapena Spanish. Komabe, iye anali mwayi kupewa yokambirana izi.

Mapeto a ulendo

Siteji yotsatira wotchuka Wakuba chilikupita angatchedwe wapadera mtundu wake. Drake a chombo anayamba kupalasa ku chilumba cha Java mwa nyanja ya Indian Ocean ku Cape of Good Hope. Apaulendo amene atazungulira Cape, anasamukira kumpoto. Iwo anaganiza yopita kugombe la kumadzulo kwa Africa ndi Iberia. Patapita nthawi, ndi Mzembela anafika Bay a Biscay. Mu Plymouth anafika pa chiyambi cha November 1580 Choncho, nthawi ya ulendo wa zaka 3 anatembenuka kuzungulira.

Mtengo Francis Drake

Pirate Frensis Dreyk - mkulu chachiwiri pambuyo F. Magellan, amene anatha kuzungulira dziko. Komabe, iye anali zambiri mwayi kuposa kuloŵedwa m'malo ake. Pambuyo Magellan sindinafike Portugal. Iye anaphedwa mu skirmish ndi mbadwa za komwe kunachitika mu Islands Philippines. Patatha zaka 1.5 akamwalira yekha kupulumuka chombo zinachititsa Lisbon anthu am'gululo amene anatha kupulumuka.

Zikayenda Francis Drake inkakhala osati chakuti iye anali wokhoza mu ulendo woopsa ndi yaitali kuti apulumutse moyo wake. Iye anabweretsa ambiri amalinyero a sitima "Golden kunsana". Komanso, Francis Drake galleon pansi pa lamulo lenileni la mkulu linabweretsedwa ku Plymouth doko (England). Komanso chombo chidali katundu lalikulu la golide ndi ngale zosiyanasiyana.

Chikadzangotha ulendo (1577-1580) Francis Drake Wakuba losavuta zaka zambiri zapitazo, wakhala olemekezedwa ndi onse asilikali British la zombo. Mfumukazi ya England anam'patsa maulemu onse. Atulukira Francis Drake zinali zofunika.

Pambuyo pake, nthawi zambiri, Francis anapita ku nyanja. Iye anamenyana ndi ziwiya Spanish. Francis mu 1588, iye anachita nawo lonyansa nkhondo ya sitima za ku Spain. Nkhondo itatha mu chigonjetso cha English. The Wakuba wotchuka anafa 1596, chaka chapitacho anapita ku ulendo wotsatira. Mu Caribbean, anamwalira kamwazi.

Drake Passage

Ndipo lero, khwalala kulumikiza South Mahatchi Islands ndi Tierra del Fuego, otchedwa polemekeza Wakuba lapansi. layperson A angaganize kuti ndi mtundu wina wa kusamvetsetsa kapena chidwi mbiri. Koma tsopano kuti ife tikudziwa zinthu zonse iyi, tikhoza kunena kuti palibe cholakwika ndi chidaliro. Onse oona, chifukwa Drake wachita kwambiri dziko lake. Koma osati kwa iye. Kodi Frensis Dreyk kuti Geography, osati zochepa, ndipo mwina zofunika kwambiri.