Aliyense ayenera kudziwa dzina la zidutswa mu Chess

Anthu ambiri amawononga nthawi yawo kusewera Chess. Mu masewerowa nsangala ankaimba ndi anthu a mibadwo yonse. Ndi chidziwitso cha malamulo masewera, ndi kukafola njira amasuntha zosangalatsa Kopambana si yaitali kudikira. Koma choyamba muyenera kudziwa malamulo, kuphunzira dzina la zidutswa mu Chess.

History of Chess

masewera a Chess kupangidwa ndi Amwenye mu BC VI atumwi. e. M'mbuyomu zozama za Chess otchedwa mosiyana. Chaturanga - amatanthauza "m'magulu anayi a asilikali."

masewera mofanana ndi Chess ano, koma panali kusiyana. Board limene pali masewero yokha, ngati anali m'ndende 8x8, koma mtundu wa iwo anali yekha. Board ogaŵikana mitundu iŵiri kwambiri, mu Europe. Ndi angati zidutswa mu Chess lero, monga izo zinali pa nthawiyo.

Koma chachikulu chinali chiwerengero cha osewera wakale Chess la masewera. masewera panafika anthu anayi okha basi. Aliyense payekhapayekha anasonyeza wake "Makamu" mu ngodya ena a masewera bolodi. M'malo mwake, mfumu Raja, akapolo anali oyenda, asilikali okwera pamahatchi, motero, inkakhala akavalo, komanso asilikali anali nkhondo njovu ndi magaleta a Makwangwala Olimbana. Ziwerengero ndi mitundu inayi: wofiira, wachikasu, zobiriwira ndi wakuda. Osewera mosinthana kuponya dayisi kumene kumatsimikizira amene mawonekedwe adzapanga kusuntha. Ngati inu falitsani unit - kusuntha anali chuma, deuce - kavalo nambala firii anatanthauza Rook kusuntha, zinayi - njovu, asanu ndi njira zisanu ndi chimodzi zimatanthauza mfumu. Mfumukazi, iye ndi Mfumukazi Chess kwina. masewera umatha pamene zidutswa zonse za mdani akhala lithe.

masewera Evolution

Ku dzuwa India Chess anayamba kubweretsa m'mayiko ena. Choncho, Chinese otchedwa Chess "xiangqi" Japan - "shogi" Thais - "Makruk". Only mu Persia dzina panopa Chess anatenga chiyambi chake. Aluya otchedwa wolamulira wawo Shah, kotero Chess mfumu wotchedwa.

Iwo anasintha malamulo ndi dzina, anadza zamoyo wa Chess. Tinasiya kufa, ndipo chiwerengero cha osewera kwa anthu awiri. Mtundu akalumikidzidwa akhala miyambo wakuda ndi oyera. Ziwerengero dzina Chess sichinasinthe. Ena mwa zidutswa Chess asintha dzina. Choncho, Raja anakhala Shah. Popeza mafumu awiri, mmodzi wa iwo anatengedwa kumasuka ndi kukhala mfumukazi. Monga Aperisi analowa kutha kwa masewera - checkmate mfumu. M'chilankhulo cha ku Perisiya mawu Chess amatanthauza "Shah anafa."

Long njira wapita masewera apabe Russia. Tinali Chess sanadza ku Europe. Akukhulupirira kuti Chess mu Russia anabweretsa Tajiks mu BC IX atumwi. N'chifukwa chake dzina la zidutswa mu Chess kwenikweni amachoka mu Arabic ndi zinenero Persian. Ndipo kale mu malamulo XI m'zaka za masewera a Chess anafika Russia.

Chess akonzedwa

Pakuti masewera a Chess amafuna ndi Chess bolodi, limene lagawidwa mabwalo 64 ndi mitundu iwiri: wakuda ndi oyera. minda Cham'mbali ndi ofukula amajambulapo zawo. Horizontally ndi manambala mgwirizano ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, ndi vertically - Makalata A kuti H, motero aliyense munda ali ndondomeko. Kodi zidutswa mu Chess ambiri? Aliyense player kumunda ayenera kukhala Makwangwala Olimbana awiri, awiri akavalo, mabishopu awiri, akapolo eyiti, mfumukazi ndi mfumu. A okwana zidutswa 32 Chess, amene sankalemekeza bisect. Komanso - zambiri za ndalama Chess.

mfumu

Arabic Mfumu zikumveka ngati "al-Shah" ndipo mu chinenero Persian zikutanthauza mfumu, komanso ena kanjedza zinenero mtengo - wamphamvu kwambiri. Imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri ndi chidwi chithunzi mu Chess. Chess King, ngakhale kufunika kwake, akhoza kusuntha lalikulu chimodzi chokha, koma kwina kulikonse. chiwerengerochi ali pachiopsezo popanda chitetezo cha kanjedza ena. Kwenikweni, akamanena lonse la masewera ndipo ndi kuteteza mfumu mkwapulo mwachindunji zidutswa zina Chess. Zosaneneka kuukira mfumu Chess amatchedwa "Shah". Mu Russia zimakwana akusonyeza "Kr" ndipo mu dongosolo lonse - "K".

Mfumukazi Chess - wachiwiri wamphamvu pambuyo mfumu

Mawu Arabic "al-firzan" amatanthauza "wophunzira". Koma pali mfundo zina monga mawu amatanthauza "tchire", "ambiri" ndi ena. Mfumukazi XV atumwi anaonekera mu Europe mipata yatsopano, ndipo tsopano zimakwana amakhoza kupita patali osiyana a diagonals onse ndi mizere pa chessboard lapansi. Akuimira mfumukazi ndi kalata "F". «Q» - Mfumukazi dongosolo lonse. M'mayiko ambiri, mfumukazi amatchedwa mfumukazi.

Rook ndi bishopu, iwo ndi ulendo womwewo ndi msilikali

Rook m'mbuyomu anachita magaleta ntchito, ndipo anali kumujambula okokedwa ndi akavalo. Ife wotchedwa galeta "ruh". Arabic "al-Roh" amatanthauza "nsanja". Choncho kuoneka maonekedwe. Lotengeka ndi munda kokha horizontally kapena vertically, lili pa muyeso minda Chess bolodi. Fotokozani chithunzi mu Russian likulu kalata "L", mu Europe - kalata «R».

Ziwerengero dzina Chess ndi sizigwirizana ndi maonekedwe awo. Mwachitsanzo, Chess chidutswa njovu kwenikweni ankawoneka ngati pamaso njovu nkhondo, koma pa nthawi anayamba kuimira thupi la munthu. Bakuman: tili ndi "C" kunja «B». Elephant akuyenda yekha pa opendekera wa mtundu womwewo, player adzakhala njovu imodzi pa opendekera woyera, ndipo chachiwiri - pa wakuda.

kavalo Chess

chiwerengerochi Kodi kuyang'ana ngati hatchi. "Al Faras" mu Arabic - wokwera. Kamodzi chithunzi ichi anali wokwera, koma pamapeto pake chinatha. kavalo Maphunzirowa zitha kuchitika mawonekedwe a Russian kalata "G", mwachitsanzo. e. maselo awiri lamanja, ndi wina pambali. Lembani pa kavalo Russian "K" ndi English «N». Izi ndi chidutswa chokha chimene sitingathe kusamukira ku njira yowongoka ndi kulumpha pa chithunzi, ndipo Goliyati.

oyenda

Chuma - chidutswa chokha chimene chingakhoze asalembedwe, ndipo ali ambiri chotero pagalaundi. "Al-beyzak" m'chiyankhulo cha Chiarabu - ndi infantryman. Pangani chimachititsanso chuma angakhoze kokha patsogolo limodzi lalikulu.

Ziwerengero mu Chess, zithunzi zimene alipo m'nkhani ino, kungakuthandizeni kukumana onse ndi zochititsa chidwi Chess dziko.