Gunn: ntchito mfundo ndi ntchito

Gunn diode - ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi, okhoza kuti chinkhoswe mu m'badwo wa oscillations pa mafurikwense osiyana. The masitolo chipangizo zamagetsi kugulitsa osiyanasiyana. Komanso Dziwani kuti iwo amasiyana kukula. Magawo waukulu zosintha anati conduction wa panopa, voteji, pafupipafupi ndi kukana pazipita.

Gunn chipangizo diode ofanana ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi ochiritsira. Standard chitsanzo imakhala ndi woonda wosanjikiza arsenide. Komanso mkati chipangizo ali ndi wapadera malo gallium ndi anzanu. Pansi arsenide wosanjikiza ili dopants ndi maelekitirodi. Gunn diode kupanga luso pa makampani osiyana siyana.

Kodi ntchito?

Monga tanena kale, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya diodes. Mfundo ntchito zipangizo inamangidwa pa kusintha kwa oscillation lapansi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa kusintha pafupipafupi dera la. Poyamba voteji ntchito kwa malo, kumene okondwa arsenide wosanjikiza. Kenako, maelekitirodi zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji. Mphamvu ya ukuwonjezeka maginito. Kuwala kulankhula mu dongosolo ndi zofunika kuonjezera kukana. The ndondomeko ya kupoletsa ndi oscillations ikuchitika dopant lapansi. Kuwonjezeka mathamangidwe machulukitsidwe mu nkhani iyi zimadalira madutsidwe wa maelekitirodi lapansi.

Ntchito Gunn diodes

Diodes ntchito m'madera magudumu osiyana pafupipafupi. Komanso Dziwani kuti nthawi zambiri anaika mu Mtsogoleri wa. Koma angapezeke mu tiransifoma. Komabe, zipangizo sali oyenera mitundu yonse ya zosintha. Kuti timvetse mwatsatanetsatane mu izi, m'pofunika kuganizira mitundu ya diodes.

mitundu ya zosintha

Pakali pano, kuonetsetsa nyumba ndi zipangizo unpackaged. Iwo amasiyana mawu a madutsidwe, komanso chitetezo. Komanso Dziwani kuti kulekana kwa zosintha anatenga pa kutalika. Pali diodes 20, 50 ndi 100 microns.

LEDs mmatumba

Hull michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi Gunn diode (chithunzi m'munsimu) ndi oyenera magudumu a pafupipafupi osiyana. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira akatswiri, ndi zosintha ndi madutsidwe wabwino. Polumikiza zipangizo angathe kuchitidwa kudzera modulators kukhudzana. Gunn diode yonama luso m'mafakitale zosiyanasiyana zingasiyane. Nthawi zina, ntchito adaputala azamagetsi njira.

Komanso Dziwani ndi kuti nyumba diodes ndi chitetezo chabwino. Chizindikiro ntchito chinyezi kwa iwo pafupifupi 55%. The osachepera chovomerezeka kutentha kwa madigiri -30. Chitsanzo ndi bwino yosayenera condenser tiransifoma. liwilo zimatheka chifukwa maelekitirodi wa diodes anapereka.

Lavinnoproletnye zipangizo unpackaged

Lavinnoproletnye unpackaged Gunn diodes ntchito zambiri kwa anthu oyendetsa. madutsidwe chizindikiro mu zitsanzo zambiri amayamba ku 30 microns. Zimenezi zimapereka kugunda maelekitirodi mkulu. Ngati ife tione siriyo Gunn diode, kupanga izo akufanana ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi liniya. Pamene voteji 12 V zimamuchulukira chizindikiro zitsanzo ndi wofanana osachepera 55 A.

Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, zimadalira kusinthidwa kukula. M'pofunikanso kuganizira mtundu wa transistor, ponena kulumikiza ku Mtsogoleri wa. Nthawi zambiri, zipangizo akhoza chokhudzana kudzera wogulitsa a. Imeneyi, ndi kukana pafupifupi 2 ohms. mlingo machulukitsidwe zimadalira chiwerengero cha dopants. Dziwani kuti zosintha sali oyenera omwe si kukhudzana Mtsogoleri. The vuto lalikulu kuno lagona pa mlingo wochepa machulukitsidwe.

Zipangizo 20 microns

wotchuka kwambiri ndi Gunn diode. Mfundo zikugwira ntchito ya inamangidwa pa mbadwo wa oscillations. The zitsanzo ndinu wamkulu kwa Mtsogoleri wa mtundu wa galimoto. Ndi Dziwani kuti zosintha ndi zabwino zoipa kukana pa zomvetsa wochepa. Komabe, iwo ndi zovuta zina.

Choyamba, akatswiri onani wotsikitsitsa zimamuchulukira voteji 10 V. Mu zitsanzo si chitetezo chabwino koposa. Zikugwira ntchito Chifungafunga diodes 20 microns ndi 40%. Dopants Pankhaniyi pang'onopang'ono kucheza ndi cathode lapansi. maelekitirodi mlingo kumadalira osati kokha pa madutsidwe, komanso kukana.

Zosintha 50 microns

Gunn diode (50 microns lakuti anasonyeza za mlanduwu) amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwa magudumu mphamvu. Polumikiza zosintha akhoza kuchitika kudzera mu capacitors lumikiza. Ngati tikulingalira Gunn diode 3A716I, ndi chizindikiro chovomerezeka voteji ndi 15 V. The chitetezo chitsanzo Pankhaniyi zimatengera mtundu wa loko ntchito zipangizo. pafupifupi madutsidwe anakhalabe pa kuzungulira 40 microns. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti semiconductors kuti sadagonja ndi madutsidwe bwino.

Komabe, Dziwani kuti ndondomeko ya m'badwo wa oscillations mofulumira kwambiri. Izi zimathandiza mkulu mlingo wa machulukitsidwe arsenide. gallium chilengedwe amakhalabe yogwira ngakhale pa apamwamba kutentha. Payokha, nkofunika kuona kuti zosintha 50 microns ali oyenera Mtsogoleri code. Kugwirizanitsa ntchito midadada chosakhalitsa. Pankhaniyi, madutsidwe zilipo pa microns 45. Kulimbikira kwa diodes ndi wofanana ndi munthu pazipita 2 ohms. Iwo anatetezera kwambiri, liwiro elekitirodi ndi anakhalabe pa mlingo mkulu. Ngati ife kulankhula za zolakwa za m'magulu otere, nkofunika kuona kuti iwo yaing'ono machulukitsidwe liwiro. Izi zimadalira chifukwa kukhalapo zosafunika chilengedwe gallium.

Mukhozanso osanenapo chakuti ojambula nthawi zambiri ukagwira, oscillation m'badwo ndondomeko akhoza kukhala wochedwa. Zosefera Transitional angagwiritsidwe ntchito pothetsa vuto m'nkhaniyo. Mu malo oyamba iwo kuonjezera kukana negative. nawonso ali ndi makhalidwe abwino pa madutsidwe wa maelekitirodi lapansi.

Mosiyana ndi zipangizo 100 microns

Mwa zitsanzo chatsekedwa zambiri anapeza Gunn diode. Mfundo zikugwira ntchito ya zosintha wamangidwa pa kusintha kwa oscillation lapansi. Chifukwa chaichi, wosanjikiza m'munsi ndi adamulowetsa arsenide. Ngati tikambirana ochiritsira Gunn diode, ndi kapangidwe ofanana ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi liniya. ojambula kuwala zinthu ngati akuwauza.

Ngati ife kulankhula za ntchito zosintha, ndi Dziwani kuti diodes 100 microns loyenereradi opha code. Iwo amatha ntchito pa voteji 13 V. Panthawi imeneyi, chizindikiro overcurrent sayenera kugwa m'munsimu 40 A. The kukana zoipa dongosolo zimatengera yekha pa mlingo wa m'badwo wa Phokoso. Komanso Dziwani ndi kuti diodes 100 microns Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa galimoto Mtsogoleri.

Zosintha a jenereta 10 GHz

Jenereta 10 GHz ndi diodes abwino kutsekedwa. M'litali izi kusinthidwa zilibe kanthu. Monga kulumikiza chipangizo kudzera yachibadwa kusintha capacitor. Komanso abwino munda analogs imene mtengo wapatali wa kukana negative. Zosintha a jenereta kuti GHz 10 ayenera opareshoni pa voteji wa osachepera 10 W.

Komanso Dziwani kuti simungathe kulumikiza kupyolera kusinthidwa wa ochiritsira yikidwa mawaya contactor. Mu malo oyamba izo kumachepetsa madutsidwe chipangizo. Izi amachepetsa liwiro elekitirodi lapansi. Kuwala contactors ali oyenera chaichi modabwitsa. Iwo ali olekanitsidwa zotsatira pa kutentha kutengerapo koyefishienti. Pafupifupi kulimbikira zoipa anakhalabe pa 4 ohms.

jenereta chipangizo 15 GHz

Pansi magudumu 15 GHz saloledwa ntchito diodes yekha gated. Monga ulamuliro, kugwirizana ndi kudzera kutonthoza Mabaibulo capacitors ndi madutsidwe wa 4 microns. Nthawi zina, ntchito contactors ochiritsira. Komabe, iwo ayenera ntchito pa voteji 10 V ndi kutetezedwa ku magudumu onse bwinobwino. Kuwala kukhudzana diodes ali okondwa ndithu mofulumira. Akatswiri amanena kuti liwiro mkulu wa elekitirodi lapansi. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha mlili wa madutsidwe mkulu. mathamangidwe machulukitsidwe pamene cholumikizira malamulo. Ngati ife kulankhula za kuipa kwa, m'pofunika kuganizira otsika pakhomo opaleshoni kutentha. Chovomerezeka yozungulira chinyezi ndi pa 55%.

Gulu mlandu kusinthidwa zimadalira liwiro la ndondomeko ya kupoletsa oscillations. Nthawi zina, diodes ogwirizana kudzera transistors lotseguka. Mu nkhani iyi, mauna fyuluta ntchito mu dera la. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, madutsidwe wa malire ndi wofanana microns 40. Pamene voteji jenereta 12 diodes ayenera kupereka zimamuchulukira osachepera 5 A. Mwa kutsitsa liwiro zimasiyanasiyana maelekitirodi contactor. Komanso, vuto angagone mu transistor lapansi. Zosintha wa madutsidwe otsika sangathe kukhala zimachitika nthawi zonse kachitidwe.

Diodes kwa magudumu pa 20 GHz

Pakuti magudumu pa 20 GHz ntchito diodes lotseguka kapena lotseka. Pankhaniyi amagwira ntchito yofunika anasankha capacitor. Monga ulamuliro, ntchito kusintha linanena bungwe voteji 30 V. Komabe, tiyenera kukhala tcheru ndi kukana negative. maelekitirodi liwiro madontho kwambiri understating Pamene chizindikiro ichi. Komanso, pali mavuto ndi madutsidwe ndi zomvetsa matenthedwe.

Zimamuchulukira chizindikiro mu magudumu zambiri asagwe pansipa 5 N. Kodi zosintha ndi bwino kutetezedwa. Pamene machulukitsidwe dopants zimadalira kulimbikira pa linanena bungwe. Kulumikiza kupyolera cholumikizira ntchito adaputala azamagetsi pagalimoto. Nthawi zambiri, transceivers ntchito. Stabilizers zakonzedwa kukhalabe voteji khola. Komabe, nkofunika kuona kuti diodes kwambiri kutaya madutsidwe ntchito kusintha transceivers.

Zitsanzo resonators ntchito

resonators ntchito amafuna oscillations mofulumira kwaiye. Diodes wa mtundu uwu ndi loyenereradi kwa cholinga ichi. Pamene khazikitsa ndi zosintha zofunika pa malo oyamba kuchita ndi kuyeza kukana negative. Komanso musaiwale za madutsidwe kuwala kwa ojambula, amene liwiro elekitirodi chimadalira. Kuonjezera mphamvu chipangizo tikulimbikitsidwa transceivers capacitive.

Chizindikiro voteji imeneyi lidzafika malire a 30 V. The diode zimamuchulukira zikudalira pa madutsidwe wa capacitor lapansi. Komanso Dziwani kuti pamene inu kwabasi zosintha zofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito Zosefera pa zipangizo. Choyamba iwo vuto la chitetezo gallium chilengedwe. Iwonso ubwino dopants lapansi.

Diodes mu resonators pulsed

Makamaka wosakanikirana resonators chifukwa kusintha kwa diodes 20 microns 50. Pamene polumikiza zipangizo ntchito adaputala azamagetsi yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina, zolumikizira ntchito. Zosintha madutsidwe zimadalira mlingo machulukitsidwe ndi mlingo wa kukana negative. Ngati tikulingalira chithunzi kwa Mtsogoleri pagalimoto, ndi wofanana ndi malire voteji pa 40 V. The chitetezo motero anakhalabe pa mlingo mkulu. A sangathe zoterozo dongosolo imatengedwa otsika madutsidwe pa pafupipafupi otsika, ndi zimamuchulukira liri 4 A.

mlingo machulukitsidwe anakhalabe pa mlingo mkulu, koma zimatheka kwambiri kutentha imfa. Ngati tikambirana chiwembu ku munda-zotsatira transistors, ndi Zosefera awiri ntchito kumeneko. Pomwepo Gunn diode 20 microns ndi abwino. Izo ziyenera kuikidwa kwa adaputala lapansi. Pankhaniyi, malire voteji pafupifupi 10 V kuti kulimbikira zoipa 4 ohms.

Ntchito zipangizo za opha pagalimoto

Kwa anthu oyendetsa galimoto yabwino Gunn diode 100 microns. Polumikiza zosintha ikuchitika, kaŵirikaŵiri kupyolera transistors. zipangizozi ndi madutsidwe wabwino ndi angathe kugwira ntchito ndi zosefera gululi. Iwo samuopa kutentha imfa ndi voteji anakhalabe pa 30 V. Pakuti zitsanzo anapereka chitetezo chabwino ndi mkulu liwiro la maelekitirodi lapansi. Akatswiri ena mwakhama ntchito diodes m'madera ndi comparators, amene chikugwirizana kudzera adaputala azamagetsi awiri. Owongolera ali oyenera ngati mtundu machitidwe liniya.

Zitsanzo opha pafupipafupi

Pofuna kugwira bwino ntchito pafupipafupi Mtsogoleri akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito Gunn diode gated. Mu kusinthidwa izi kutalika mwina 20 kapena 50 microns. Pankhaniyi, zimadalira pa madutsidwe wa Mtsogoleri mwachindunji.

Ngati tikulingalira chithunzi cha capacitor munda, ndiye pali kukana zoipa pa nsonga ndi wofanana 4 ohms. Pamene voteji 10 V chipangizo ukugwira stably ndipo akusonyeza mkulu elekitironi mathamangidwe. Machulukitsidwe zimadalira ojambula chitetezo kusintha. Komanso, pamene chikugwirizana diodes m'pofunika kulabadira madutsidwe mu dera pakati pa njanji ndi.

Diodes mu opha ufuluwo

Pakuti latitudinal opha zosintha abwino 50 microns. Kulumikiza chipangizo kudzera transceiver lapansi. Komabe, adaputala azamagetsi amasankhidwa pa malo awiri. Zikatere, anapereka madutsidwe wa 55 microns pa voteji 12 V. polumikiza kusinthidwa n'kofunika kuti aone kukana negative. Komanso chimanena koyilo contactor. Pazipita chovomerezeka zimamuchulukira dera 3 ndi Nu. Only Zosefera kulandirana ntchito kumapangitsanso chitetezo cha kusinthidwa kwa. Pamene Mtsogoleri ndi anazimitsa linanena bungwe voteji pakhomo sayenera upambana 15 V.