Ali sitima yaitali mu dziko

The wotchi pa sitima ya dziko mukuchita sitima sitima. Statisticians amati chaka chilichonse padziko lonse ali kusamutsidwa biliyoni 20 okwera ndi matani oposa 10 000 000 000 000 a katundu. Ngati inu kuwonjezera pamodzi maulendo onse yaitali mtunda mu chaka, kuchuluka adzakhala wofanana ndi kusintha miliyoni 66 padziko Lapansi. Koma si anamanganso onse kuti angathe zida ndi malingaliro. Ngati pamwamba njanji atatu kutalika zikuphatikizapo United States, China ndi Russia, chifukwa mchigonjetso nomination ndi "sitima yaitali mu dziko" kumenyana ndi mayiko ena.

Akatswiri a Africa ndipo China

Amafuna kusonkhanitsa ntchito kwambiri, ndi otakasuka sitima yonyamula katundu anapangidwa mu 1991 ku South Africa. Ndi sitima angapo 660 Ufumuyo ngolo, mtunda kuchokera kumutu mpaka mchira sitima sitima anafuna kuti zoyendera wa zitsulo anali 7.2 km. Akuti chimphona wapanga basi ulendo umodzi, kenako kunachotsedwa.

Wolimbikira ntchito anthu Chinese sanali kuthamangitsa m'lifupi mwa kuchuluka, zili ndi zotsatira wodzichepetsa. Koma m'misewu ya zakuthambo Ufumu, ndipo lero amayendetsa sitima yaitali kwambiri 210 magalimoto okwana kutalika ndi injini ya makilomita 3 ndi mphamvu tonnes 20 000. Chinali cholinga kuti sitima zoyendera wa malasha ndi kumanga zipangizo.

The mpikisano pakati pa US ndi Russia

Mu United States sitima yaikulu imatengedwa kukhala mbali ya kutalika 5.6 Km, akumeneku Union Pacific. Komabe, iko kunali basi msonkhano experimental analengedwa mu 2010 ndi cholinga kudziyesa mphamvu ya sitima latsopano. Sitima, ndege kuchita chimodzi ku Dallas kwa Long Beach, posakhalitsa mbali zingapo.

Koma ku Soviet Union mu 80s m'misewu Kuzbass anasamukira sitima yonyamula katundu ndi magalimoto 439, accommodates 43,5 thous. Matani malasha. M'litali colossus izi njanji anali makilomita 6.5, zomwe kwambiri yafupika mlingo wa gulu poyerekeza ndi sitima wamba.

zimphona Australia

Green Africa komanso monyadira mmodzi wa anagubuduza katundu yaitali mu dziko, amene wokwatibwa ndi Rio Tinto kampani migodi. The sitima ntchito yonyamula zitsulo miyala, pamene sandwiching matani 29.500 Katundu. Kubweretsa lalikulu chinthu kayendedwe kumbuyo ngolo ndi utali wonse wa 2.4 Km anazolowera atatu amphamvu sitima, amene kukankha kukonza pamaso pake.

umboni wina uli kwa kampani Australia BHP Billiton, komanso okhazikika mu migodi. Apa kugwiritsira ntchito sitima ya ngolo 365, kutalika makilomita 3.2 angathe kunyamula ulendo umodzi mpaka 44 500 matani katundu. Kusamukira malo chimphona, pamafunika sikisi eyiti sitima. Komabe, izi si sitima yaitali mu dziko.

Chimphona ku Mauritania

Mutu wa "yaitali sitima yonyamula katundu" moyenerera limabweretsa sitima kuyenda pa Sitima yapamtunda yanjanji imodzi mu Republic of Mauritania, limene lili mu Africa West. Mbali ya njira kutalika 700 Km umadutsa mchenga kwa chipululu cha Sahara. Ku siteshoni poyambira kuti sitima likupita 21 ola mapeto mfundo.

The utali wonse wa magalimoto mazana awiri, sitima olamulidwa ndi zinayi, mpaka 2.5 Km. Nthawi zina zikuchokera anazolowera magalimoto wina 10, motero kuwonjezeka m'litali ndi mamita 300. sitima ntchito ponyamula malasha ndi mafuta akasinja. Palinso ngolo kwa anthu. Koma anthu wamba simuli ofuna kupereka yoyendamo, makamaka amapita ku muli ndi chofunika ndi mwamtheradi mfulu ndi silimadzitsutsa malamulo a dziko.

Sverhvmestitelnye imaphunzitsa okonda kuyenda

Motalikitsa zonyamula sitima ongokhala ngolo 70, kutalika 1.6 Km, m'manja mwa National Railway Company ya Belgium. The sitima anapanga ndege umodzi pakati pa mizinda ya Ghent ndi Ostend, zapita pang'ono kuposa makilomita asanu. Zinali imodzi kuchokera chikondi chochitika, ndalama zonse kumene anapita Research Institute Foundation, polimbana ndi mavuto a Oncology. Nkhaniyo anakhazikitsidwa mu 1991, inati pa ulendo osaka sitima ukufalitsidwa moyo pa TV Belgium.

Motalikitsa zonyamula sitima ku mphamvu lero, imatengedwa sitima, kufotokoza mmizinda Australia. Childs 16─26 anazolowera kuti magalimoto sitima, koma nthawizina kuchuluka okwana kungakhale zidutswa 99, amene kumawonjezera kutalika sitima ku makilomita 1.2. chimphona amathera njira masiku opitirira awiri, kutalika njira - za 3000 Km.

A chigonjetso yaing'ono anapambana ndi Russian "Sapsan", mwangofikira pa njira Moscow ─ Petersburg. Mu 2014 womwewo kutalika kwa mitolo amapasa magalimoto 20. Chithunzi cha 500,2 mamita analola "Sapsan" analandira nomination ndi "sitima yaitali m'dziko mkulu-liwiro anagubuduza katundu."

Mtsogoleri mtheradi mwa akuluakulu anzake

zikayenda bwino kwambiri kwambiri m'munda wa mayendedwe njanji a Australia. Migodi kampani BHP mu 2001 anapezerapo sitima yaitali mu dziko, kulumikiza Yandi wanga ndi mzinda wa Port Hedland mu chigawo chakumadzulo cha Green Africa. Zikuchokera ndi 682 magalimoto anatambasula makilomita 7.3 kuti akomere pafupifupi mamiliyoni 181 makilogalamu zitsulo.

Total kulemera othodwa chimphona anafika matani 99,734. Anachoka njira yake 275 Km, sitima eyiti General Zamagetsi AC6000CW mphamvu malita 6000. a. lililonse.

Lero, nkhani imeneyi si akumenyedwa ndi aliyense. Koma zikuoneka kuti posachedwapa kwinakwake zastuchat mawilo pa njanji chatsopano wapamwamba-sitima mu dziko.