Zoyamba za misonkho.

mfundo za misonkho - kanthu koma monga ulamuliro zofunika, malingaliro, zinthu zimene ntchito m'munda wa misonkho. Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti iwo ndi mfundo za yomanga dongosolo lonse msonkho.

mfundo Modern kwa misonkho - ndi chikhomo mapangidwe msonkho ndi mfundo malamulo a boma lililonse. Onse chachikulu atakhala dongosolo msonkho ndi kusiyanitsidwa mu subsystems awiri: mfundo zachikhalidwe kwa misonkho ndi boma dziko. Mfundo za gulu loyamba, idealized misonkho. Iwo ankadziwa kuti phunziro kwa yomanga a dongosolo msonkho kokha pa maziko a ntchito zawo, amaona mulingo woyenera. The mfundo zofunika kwa misonkho yafotokozedwa mu ntchito zambiri za N. Turgenev, Ricardo, Adam Smith ndi ena. Mfundo tingachipeze powerenga yovomerezeka pachilichonse, chilungamo, cheapness ndi mayiko.

Adam Smith mu nthawi yake anayi zoyamba za misonkho akhala anakonza. The oyamba anali nzika ya boma aliyense ayenera zolipirira a boma, ndi wina zotheka, ndiyo za solvency yake. Mfundo yachiwiri - msonkho lolipiridwa ndi aliyense tidzakwatulidwa zodziwika, ndipo Mulimonsemo si umasinthasintha. Chachitatu - aliyense msonkho adawalamulira kuti samalipira nthawi ndi m'njira monga yabwino kwambiri kwa iye. Wachinayi mfundo - chipangizo msonkho ayenera kukhala wotero kuti izo kuchotsedwa matumba a amakhoma misonkho, monga pang'ono ngati n'kotheka yoposa alowa chuma cha boma.

mfundo za misonkho anawagawa m'magulu awiri, ndipo chachiwiri - kum'mwera dziko. Pa maziko awo lingaliro lonse la msonkho, komanso anapereka zinthu machitidwe a limagwirira msonkho malinga ndi mtundu wa boma, ndale ndi mwayi wa m'munsi zachuma.

Russian mfundo misonkho ali enshrined mu Tax Code. Nawu mndandanda wa iwo:

1. Mfundo kumbali. Akamanena za izo ndi kuti munthu aliyense ayenera kulipira malipiro ndi misonkho anakhazikitsa lamulo. Pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa misonkho nthawi zonse n'komwe, kaya luso wokhoma kwenikweni kulipira msonkho.

2. Mfundo kusasalana. Fizi ndi misonkho sangathe ndiponso sayenera kukhala yotsalidwa. Iwo sangakhoze ntchito mosiyana pa maziko a mitundu, chikhalidwe, chipembedzo, mtundu ndi zina muyezo umenewu. Mulimonse mmene sayenera kuloledwa kukhazikitsa mitengo kusiyanitsidwa a ntchito ndi misonkho, osaphatikizidwamo msonkho , malingana ndi chiyambi likulu, nzika za anthu kapena mtundu umwini.

3. Mfundo kuthekera zachuma. Iwo ankadziwa kuti chindapusa ndi misonkho ayenera kukhala chuma wolungamitsidwa, osati zongopeka.

4. Mfundo danga umodzi zachuma. Amakhala mu choona kuti ndi zosavomerezeka kukhazikitsa mitengo ndi milandu zimene zimaipitsa danga umodzi zachuma. Ndiko kuti, sayenera asagwiritse ufulu kayendedwe ka ndalama, ntchito ndi katundu mkati la Russia, komanso zingalepheretse ndi kuletsa zachuma a anthu ndi mabungwe omwe si ndikoletsedwa ndi lamulo.

Aliyense sangathe kukhala ndi udindo kulipira malipiro ndi misonkho, komanso ndalama zina ndi mitengo, ngati iwo ali ndi zizindikiro za msonkho komanso zolipira, zimene zalembedwa ndi Tax Code, koma kwenikweni iwo anapereka.

5. tanthauzo la mfundo momveka bwino malamulo ndi zolimbana. Mu ndondomeko kukhazikitsa msonkho ayenera anatsimikiza mtima onse zinthu za misonkho. Aliyense wokhoma ayenera kudziwa kwenikweni mtundu wanji wa chindapusa ndi misonkho dongosolo ndipo akafuna kupereka iwo.