Zolengeza - msonkho kwa makolo awo

Kuyenda m'misewu ya m'matawuni ndi m'mizinda, Tingaone pa nyumba ntchito loyambirira la zojambulajambula, limene ndi mbale ndi zolemba ndi zithunzi. Mutawerenga lemba pa iwo, inu mukhoza kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza mbiri ya mzinda ndi miyoyo ya anthu otchuka. matabwa amatchedwa chikumbutso. Kodi iwo ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera?

zolengeza ndi chiyani?

A mbale chikumbutso ndi mapulani ndi sculptural ntchito, akupitiriza kukumbukira zochitika m'mbiri komanso umunthu kwambiri. Chinali cholinga cha unsembe mu nyumba pamakoma ndipo yopangidwa ndi zisulo cholimba (zitsulo, mwala, kuponyedwa chitsulo kapena aloyi mkuwa). zochitika Luso chinyezimiro ikuchitika mu mawonekedwe a zolemba lemba lokonichnoy. Chikumbutso zolengeza zikuchokera akhoza wodzilemekeza sculptural chithunzi chifanizo kapena zinthu zina zokongoletsera.

Nkhani ya mipukutuyi

"Makolo" mipukutuyi anali kulemba zojambulajambula pa makoma m'mapanga, tombstones kapena miyala. Ena a iwo anapulumuka mpaka tsopano ndi kusonyeza zikamera wa anthu dziko. Woyamba mipukutuyi chamadzulo pa nyumba anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII, pambuyo chigonjetso mu 1812 nkhondo. Choyamba, amatumikira kusonyeza mlingo wa madzi osefukira. Kenako mpanda wa Kazan Cathedral moyo imeneyi dzina la A. P. Voronihina, ndipo pa mapeto a May 1880 pa msewu kumira 12 anakhazikitsidwa zolengeza pokumbukira Pushkin. Mu June 1890 ndi chaka chimodzi chokha pa msonkhano wa bungwe City, anaganiza kuyamba unsembe, ndi mipukutuyi ena chamadzulo. Choncho anayamba ubiquity awo.

I kwa unsembe wa chikwangwani cha chikumbutso

Aliyense zolengeza wayikidwa akhale chifukwa, zomwe akufuna. Kuyamba ndi komiti yapadera ndiyo kufunika kwa msonkhano, ndipo kenako kutsegula kwa chipilala cha chinkachitika. Ngati kuwalire nyota za munthu, zofunika onse ayenera kuboma ndi kutsimikizira mwa zikalata archival ndi / kapena mphoto.

Unsembe wa chikwangwani cha chikumbutso si kale kuposa zaka khumi pambuyo pa imfa ya mphoto payekha kapena chochitika bwino. Pa mawu a zoletsa unsembe amachotsedwa, ngati anthu perpetuated kupereka mutu Hero wa Socialist Labor, Hero wa Soviet Union, Aulemu nzika za mudzi, ndi zina zotero .. Nthawi zina mawu mlandu Commission angathe kuchepetsedwa. Komabe, nthawi yochepa akadali zaka ziwiri.

Kawirikawiri mmalire a mzinda wina anakhazikitsa gulu chikumbutso kuwalitsa kukumbukira wa munthu. Iwo akhoza kukhala malo a ntchito, malo okhala kapena ena malo chidwi kuti imakhudzana ndi moyo ndi zochita za anthu. Pali milandu kumene kukumbukira munthu perpetuated mu dzina la msewu kapena lalikulu, chipilala kapena kugwira, ndiye bolodi sayenera anaika. Apanso kusankha ntchito imene inafotokozedwa kuchotserapo, anapatsidwa kufunika yoyamikira ndi zochitika.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti chikwangwani sangakhale pa nyumba chidwi ntchito misa (zakale, zisudzo, gallery, konsati holo, Nyumba ya Culture). Control pa bolodi chitetezo ndi chisamaliro anasonyeza mwa Kupititsa Service Nyumba ndi Woyang'anira apolisi. Kukhala okhwima achiyesa chikumbutso mbale, ngakhale iwo akutayika ndi nthawi kapena amafuna kubwezeretsedwa.

ndi lolembedwa pa zolengeza chiyani?

Mipukutuyi akhoza kuonetsetsa ena malo mu mzinda makamaka kapena umboni za zimene zinachitika m'mbuyomu. Iwo osati zimalimbikitsa mfundo iliyonse kapena zochita za anthu. Pali mitundu wapadera wa mipukutuyi alembedwa ndi mawu zowombetsa mkota monga, "M'nyumba iyi moyo msirikali wakale wa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Ulemu ndi ulemerero kwa iye! "

Komabe pali matabwa anaika pa "makamaka nkhani". Iwo zambiri zimachitika pa kuyamba kwa aboma, ndipo nthawi zambiri Musatenge tanthauzo lililonse, mwachitsanzo: "Pano mu 1904 lankhosa Nicholas II».

A mwambo wapadera akuti ndi kutsegula kwa chikwangwani cha chikumbutso ndi chithunzi cha chovala mikono kapena chovala manja. Chotero zotsalira losaiwalika adayamba kulengedwa mu Ages Middle, pamene anthu akulemekezedwa chivalrous chabwino mafumu. Masiku ano anthu ambiri, zolengeza izi m'chipani.

Grand kutsegula mbale chikumbutso

Aliyense zolengeza akuti ndi chipilala kuti luso, kotero njira ya kutsegula ake, monga ulamuliro, ndi wapadera ndi yophiphiritsa. Kawirikawiri ngati zimene zingachitike kuti aitane anthu osati a bureaucracy, komanso luso ndi zithunzi omwe akugwirizana ndi chochitika, amene perpetuated. anthu yamakono ngati msonkho, zaikidwa mbiri ndi kupatsira miyambo yawo kwa mibadwo ya m'tsogolo. Popeza kutsegula kwa chipilala kaŵirikaŵiri ataphimbidwa ndi atolankhani.