Zipangizo "Cummins" (Cummins): specifications, ndemanga ndi akatswiri chithunzi

Ziziyenda kale anamva kwambiri za injini dizilo wa mtundu American Cummins. Zipangizo "Cummins" akhala akulimbikira wokwera pa magalimoto ndi magalimoto, onse opanga zoweta ndi achilendo. Motors izi zili ndi "Mbawala", "KAMAZ", pickups Nisssan, mabasi osiyanasiyana ndi zipangizo zina. Kupenda mosamalitsa wopanga izi ndi mankhwala ake.

Mbiri ya "Cummins"

Kwa zaka zoposa 95, kampani ici ulikubala apamwamba, yosafuna ndi injini imayenera, "Cummins". Lero, mtundu uwu ndi mmodzi wa atsogoleri makampani.

Anayambitsa kampani mu 1919 mu United States, ndipo makamaka mu Indiana. Tinganene kuti anayambitsa Clessé Kammisa, iye anali woyamba mlingo makaniko. Iye anali anauziridwa ndi atayamba Rudolf Dizilo, m'chaka chomwecho, anamanga pachikhalidwe chake choyamba. Iye anali okwana malita 6. a. mphamvu, koma chinali chiyambi chabe.

Engine alimi

Njinga posakhalitsa zinali ponseponse ndipo otchuka mwa alimi wamba. Kumapeto kwa mkati injini kuyaka kwa nyengo akanatha kubwerera kwa theka la mtengo. Mu 1929, "Cummins" wayamba kubala injini dizilo kwa ma yatchi ndi zombo, ndiyeno anapita ku kupanga magudumu dizilo. Mu 30s, ndi injini dizilo, "Cummins" anayamba kuika pa magalimoto ambiri ndi limousines ku Packard.

Lero, Mlengi akukamba mayunitsi dizilo kuyambira 70 malita 3500. a. Motors akutukuka 56 mabizinezi zosiyanasiyana zili padziko lonse. m'mayiko oposa 160 ntchito mankhwala kampani zosiyanasiyana za makampani ndi kupanga.

Features Ofunika

Popeza mankhwala kampani mzere ndi mkulu, mphamvu ya awo ambiri kuyambira 70 malita 3500. a. The peculiarity wa Motors awa ndi Mlengi imakhazikika yekha injini dizilo. Chifukwa inagona yopapatiza akutembenukira kwa iyende bwino kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, makokedwe zina zitsanzo dostegaet okwana 13,000 NM.

Mwa injini akhoza kupeza zitsanzo ndi ntchito yosiyana kwambiri. Pakati wotchuka - 4 yamphamvu ndi 6 yamphamvu mu mzere mayunitsi. Komabe, osiyanasiyana zikuphatikizapo komanso V woboola pakati chitsanzo.

Nthawi deta kwa Motors mu mavavu kwambiri zigwirizana limagwirira, ndi pagalimoto camshaft. Limagwirira vavu zikusonyezedwa mawonekedwe a valavu yeniyeni mpando. Kuonjezera mitengo mpweya kutengerapo, ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu pa injini yamphamvu ya chizindikiro chimenechi limapangidwa mitundu iwiri iwiri ya polowera ndipo utsi mavavu. Malinga chitsanzo, ndi camshaft akhoza adzaikidwa onse pansipa ndi pamwamba.

Dongosolo magetsi zachokera jekeseni amagetsi. Zimenezi zimathandiza galimoto kuti ndalama ndithu. Dongosolo mafuta amagwiritsa Zosefera kampani anapanga ndi luso wapamwamba ndi mapaipi yopangidwa ndi zisulo dzimbiri zosagwira amene osachepera hayidiroliki kukana. Zimenezi zimathandiza kampani kukhala mtsogoleri makampani.

Banja la Cummins ISF

Panopa injini ISF dizilo banja ukufanizidwa ndi awiri zinayi yamphamvu dizilo buku 2.8 L ndi 3.8 L. Woyamba akupita ku "Mbawala", kachiwiri anayamba "Vladan". Ndipo zimenezi mu buku la galimoto ya zimatheka ndi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mu ndondomeko imeneyi mayunitsi onse maximally umodzi. Akatswiri ntchito mbali lofala mayunitsi mphamvu awiri ndi 70%.

2.8-lita injini ali zoikamo mphamvu 6. The "Mbawala" ntchito pafupifupi kochepa kwambiri a iwo. Izi kolowera 120 L. a. Kuwonjezera Baibulo ili Lite palinso zitsanzo ndi malita 131. ndi malita 150. a. Koma makokedwe, ndi za 360 NM pa 1800 rpm. Ngati mupereka ndi crankshaft sapota mpaka liwilo ndi kusintha otaya, mukhoza kupeza zoikamo mphamvu zitatu.

Engine "Cummins Valdai"

3.8-lita injini akulola "Valdai" ndi kufunika zabwino kwambiri msika. Lero, makina mosavuta poyerekeza ndi magalimoto ena achilendo. Limeneli liyenera ali okwana zoikamo mphamvu zitatu. galimoto ali okonzeka ndi kukhala pa malita 154. a. Osati amphamvu kwambiri, koma chikukwanira makina chotero.

Ngati muli bwino mzere wa injini dizilo a Mlengi, injini 3.8-lita panagona chinachake yache ngati injini lita imodzi. wagawo ndi okonzeka ndi osewera chitsulo yamphamvu chipika popanda zapamadzi. Pali wamba aliyense mutu yamphamvu unapangidwa osewera chitsulo chomwecho, chikhalidwe anayi vavu turbocharger. Komanso, makina ali okonzeka ndi mafuta dongosolo Common njanji.

mafuta

Anthu madalaivala amene anagwiritsa ntchito "Valdai" ndi Minsk Njinga molimba kunena kuti "Cummins" kwambiri ndalama. Mlingo pafupifupi otaya ndi a dongosolo la malita 14-17 / 100 Km.

Engine pa "Mbawala Cummins"

Pa "Mbawala" anakhazikitsa Chinese "Cummins". Tiyeni titenge pafupi woyanjana nawo. Izi wagawo mphamvu ndi malita 120. a. ndi makokedwe a 297 NM.

injini ntchito zambiri kuposa zabwino madalaivala zoweta. Pafupifupi kanjedza chomwecho anali kamodzi pa petulo galimoto ndi GAZ 53. Koma mphamvu sipanatenge matani 1.5, ndipo monga mmene 4.

Motors Austria, amene anamaliza pamaso magalimoto kwambiri kutaya "Cummins". Ngakhale amphamvu ZMZ-405 wotaya dizilo makokedwe. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha zonse, choncho mphamvu kwambiri mu mathamangitsidwe, ndi kosavuta kusunthira kutali yodzaza ndi magalimoto.

Malo a galimoto mu "Mbawala"

Engine "Cummins" 2.8, limene lili pansi pa nyumba ya galimoto. Malinga ndi makhalidwe zojambula angayerekezedwe ndi ZMZ-402. wagawo lakonzedwa monga galimoto chilengedwe, popanda Ufumuyo chitsanzo chilichonse. Anadzakhala ndithu yaying'ono ndi yabwino.

Pamwamba ndi zingalowe mpope. mpope madzi ili kumbali ya chipika yamphamvu. Komanso, mpope ndi amaphatikiza gulu limodzi mpope mafuta. Mpope mafuta pafupifupi mofanana mu Vaz-2108. mpope uwu, anapatsidwa kukula kwake, ntchito kwambiri. Drive chifukwa mpope madzi ndi ribbed lamba, amene akutumikira kuyendetsa fani.

Features

Engine pa "Mbawala Cummins 'camshaft osiyana mu chipika, komanso nthawi unyolo wosakwatiwa mzere. M'dera ili yokha ili ku flywheel lapansi. Akatswiri achita zimenezi pofuna kupewa phokoso owonjezera. Okonzeka ndi unyolo tensioner basi. Za utumiki wawo, inu angaiwale, kotero iwo amakhala odalirika. Cylinder mutu gasket - unatengera, iwo safunika mapepala zitsulo, kotero kuti utumiki wapadera.

Pali mbali chidwi. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mafuta mpope actuator si actuated ndi unyolo, ndipo kudzera mwa zida osiyana pa crankshaft lapansi. Choncho, akatswiri kuti wokometsedwa "Cummins" engine. The zida kotero ndinaganiza, kuthetsa ntchito zosafunika wadera lapansi.

injini akhoza ntchito M'madera a zitunda, zimakhala okonzeka ndi mkangano kwa mosavuta poyambira. Mu zakudya zobwezedwa angathe kuona koyilo magetsi. Zosefera mafuta Komanso okonzeka ndi magetsi.

Kukonza ndi kukonza

Opanga analimbikitsa zonse utumiki mfundo yaikulu, kusintha madzimadzi lubricating, onani machitidwe a mbali pakompyuta, m'malo Zosefera mafuta zonse. Ndi bwino kusintha injini pa pasipoti ya. Kenako siidzatha ndipo simusowa kuti tikonze. Malinga intervals utumiki pasipoti wake ndi okwanira. Amasangalala zonyamulira.

Ngati galimoto ali kunja kwa dongosolo, tisanasankhe pa kukonza injini, "Cummins", ndi zofunika kuchita matenda amagetsi. wagawo Izi zida ndi dongosolo amagetsi, ndilo zolakwa Ndondomekozi bwino wotani unit mu dongosolo.

eni Reviews

Eni "Valdai" ISF 3.8 kukhulupirira kuti galimoto inali yopindulitsa kwambiri. Kuwonjezera ndalama wagawo dizilo, mtengo ndi otsika kwambiri chifukwa ntchito. Izi zonse pamodzi ndi moyo utumiki yaitali zigawo zikuluzikulu unit.

Koma si onse amene anasangalatsa ndi eni galimoto kuyendetsa "Cummins". Reviews kunena kuti pafupifupi kuvutanganitsidwa wopanda unit. Ndi utumiki yake palimodzi osalakwitsa. Machine fakitale ngakhale pa otsika, ndi kutentha. mafuta mkati 11 L. Kumene, kusintha yaing'ono zimachitika, koma kuwononga kwambiri unkachitika.

madalaivala Engine osangalala. Ambiri kuziika mbawala ndi magalimoto. Pakuti injini, amene amapangidwa ku China, ichi ndi kutalika mwayi. Yokonzanso ndi wosavuta, ngati inu mukumvetsa unit ya injini dizilo, kuwonongeka kwambiri muyezo akhoza kuchiritsa lokha popanda kukaona malo utumiki wawo. Mowirikiza si kukonza injini "Cummins", amakambirana ziziyenda akulangizidwa kuchita kusinthasintha mafuta ndi consumables.

madalaivala ambiri amadandaula mkulu mlingo wa phokoso ku injini izi dizilo, makamaka ngati poyamba anapita mayunitsi ndi petulo. Inde, phokoso akadali chogwirika, makamaka pansi pa nyumba, ndipo ngakhale chopangira mphamvu ndi ili. Ambiri akudandaula kuti galimoto kwenikweni otentha chilimwe. Wina analemba kuti pang'ono akusowa mphamvu. Unit si abwino kwa anthu amene amakonda liwiro. Mwakhama Iyamba galimoto pa 2000 rpm. ndi chopangira mphamvu ya.

Mtengo wa Motors ndi

Anthu amene akufuna kugula injini, "Cummins" - mtengo ndi pafupifupi 500 000. Pakuti mtengo mungathe kugula injini 2.8 lita mu "Mbawala." "Cummins Valdai" pofuna mtengo 625 zikwi rubles. Kumene, ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Koma pali njira ina. 150 zikwi rubles, mukhoza kugula mphamvu mwangwiro lizigwira wagawo kuthamanga pa "Mbawala." Ichi ndi mtengo waukulu kwa injini Chinese. Kodi chidwi kwambiri, moyo wake ioneka 500 zikwi makilomita. Mtengo uwu si njira yabwino. Ndipo mafuta ndi zosakwana analogi mtundu UMZ ndi ZMZ.

Choncho, tidadzatulukira amene ali ndemanga injini 'Cummins' eni galimoto, ndalama ndi specifications.