ZIL-170: specifications ndi zithunzi

KamAZ magalimoto ayenera kuti anaona zonse. Ndipo dzina la makina, chithunzi chimene anapereka m'munsimu? Chitsanzo cha KamAZ kuipanikiza cabover kasinthidwe, ndi anthu atatu mu takisi ... ndi makalata "ZIL" mu kumaso. Komabe si ngozi. Izo zikuwoneka ngati galimoto ZIL-170 - ngati 'tate' wa magalimoto akubwera kuchokera ku chipata mu Naberezhnye Chelny mbewu (mbewu zovuta yopanga magalimoto "Kamaz").

mfundo ndi yakuti chitsanzo choyamba kwa KAMAZ panopa udaikidwa mu ogwira ntchito ina, ndipo m'masiku amenewo, pamene mbewu "Kamaz" kulibe. Ndinalandira kuti ulimi zomera. Likhachev ( "ZIL"). Zinali kampani okha amene kupanga mphamvu pa nthawi angazichite izo. Lachitsanzo inayenda bwino, ndipo pambuyo chiyambi cha ulimi mu Naberezhnye Chelny akatswiri anaganiza kuti si koyenera kuti reinvent gudumu kachiwiri. The galimoto woyamba anatsika khamu mzere, anali mbali pafupifupi ofanana kwa galimoto ZIL-170, chithunzi chimene mungathe kuwona kuchokera mu ndemanga iyi.

mbiri lachitsanzo

Akuyendera mwachindunji za galimoto, tiona kuti galimoto yoyamba KamAZ anatuluka zipata fakitale mu 1977. Kusiyana kokha kuti Tingaone mu makina amakono, zitsulo amakona anayi nyali, pamene palibe zochepa wotchuka ZIL 130 kuyatsa zinthu chonse.

Choncho, chifukwa mu Kamaz woyamba anali makalata ena? History ZIL-170 inayamba mu 60s wa atumwi wotsiriza, pamene Moscow Likhachev Bzalani anapereka kuti kupanga latsopano katundu wolemera magalimoto. Choncho Minavtoprom anatsindika mfundo ziwiri: woyamba - galimoto ayenera kukhala Western (cabover), ndipo chachiwiri - muyenera kukhazikitsa ulimi mu malo atsopano. Dziwani kuti pa nthawi yomweyo, mbewu anali pachimake chitukuko cha ZIL 130, komanso zitsanzo munda kuyezetsa 3169 kuti akhoza kukumana zofunikira za Utumiki.

Galimoto anali ndi mphamvu zazikulu, osati zochepa katundu, koma iyo inali Soviet bonneted galimoto. Zino, iye sanapite. Potsatira chitsanzo cha mbewu kuti akhale ZIL-170. Car chilengedwe nkhani akuyamba mu 1968, pamene zipata za mbewu masamba woyamba cabover thalakitala (pambuyo KamAZ-5410). Mu 1969 anafalitsa wongoyesera wa magalimoto ndi magalimoto ndi zina zonyasa (motero, KamAZ 5320 ndi 5510). Mu chaka chomwecho, ntchito yomanga mbewu ikuyamba, amene kenako anapita kupambana onse ZIL, pansi pa dzina la KamAZ.

The zitsanzo loyamba la kampani latsopano ankavala chizindikiro pa nyumba ya mbewu. Likhachev. KamAZ makalata (chizindikiro mu mawonekedwe a kavalo akuthamanga anabadwa patapita nthawi yaitali), malinga ndi nthano, anaonekera pamene ENEA anaona showpiece loyamba la galimoto ku zomera Naberezhnye Chelny. Wina utumiki ananena kuti makina opanga ogwira wina, sayenera kubereka dzina la ZIL. Chifukwa, Moscow mbewu udzabwerera kwa bonnet options kamangidwe, ndi ZIL-170 pansi pa dzina la KamAZ opangidwa lero.

Protopip

Atalandira ntchito, mbewu "ZIL" anagula zingapo zimene mungachite kumadzulo ndipo potsirizira pake linathetsedwa pa wina. Iwo anakhala la International American kupanga.

watsopano galimoto kanyumba kuti amakona anayi pang'ono kuposa choyambirira, ndi umenewu nsikidzi fascia kutsogolo ndi wapawiri nyali zozungulira. Kusiyana kwina ku American wakhala zikamera wa malamba dalaivala ndi zonyamula chimodzi (a malo galimotolo chachiwiri kale anaonekera pa Kamaz.) Kuchokera zinachitika anali mwadzitengera mphamvu chiwongolero ndi lingaliro la Mipikisano dera dongosolo ananyema.

gawo mphamvu

Mu 1969, injini zomera Yaroslavl analandira kuti wina - kukhala kenako kumasula injini ya galimoto latsopano. Ndi injini izi watsopano ayenera kukhala lamphamvu mokwanira - osati malita zosakwana 200. a., kuyambira galimoto supersize. Yaroslavl anapereka Baibulo YaMZ-6E641, komanso akatswiri apanga PPC YaMZ-E141. Zinali buku loyamba la injini pa ZIL-170. injini anali kupanga m'badwo wachiwiri mu 1970, pamene dongosolo detects vuto lalikulu.

Latsopano injini chitsanzo galimoto muli chidule YaMZ-740. Monga ngati chimake yoyamba, ilo linali 8 yamphamvu injini dizilo ndi buku la malita 10 ndi V- zooneka makonzedwe a zonenepa. mphamvu anali 210 malita. a. Ngati ife kulankhula za mfundo za 'Yuro, ndi malamulo zimavuta kuyankha, koma mu 1970 unali wabwino kwambiri, ndipo iye amene anali pa magalimoto ZIL-170.

makhalidwe luso

okonza apatsidwa mu drafting wa kuti: choyamba, makina ayenera kukhala mokwanira wogwirizana, ndipo kachiwiri, izo pazikhalanso onse (kapena pafupifupi onse) zatsopano a nthawi imeneyo. Imodzi mwa zimenezi zinali ndimakokedwe. Yaroslavl anapulumutsa bokosi lake 5 imathamanga. Okonza kuti ntchito izo, koma anawonjezera wogawira, chifukwa kuchuluka chiwerengero cha imathamanga mpaka 10. zinachitika, kenako kuŵeta ali magiya 10 kutsogolo 2 iwowo.

wogawira yadera mwachilungamo latsopano koma lophweka - 2 okha njira. Gawo loyamba anali kulolerana mwachindunji - monga ikuchitika pamwamba asanu, ndipo lachiwiri ndi wautali kotero kuti kunali kotheka kwa zikuphatikizapo 6 ndi wotsatira. wogawira ichi kugwira ntchito malangizo n'zosiyana, liwiro chimodzi - "kunja kwa bokosi", ndipo chachiwiri - by kunachititsa gawo.

Axels

Komanso, mmodzi wa zinthu pamwamba kuti anali kukhala 6x4 mlingo wa 3 nkhwangwa, magudumu 6, awiri pagalimoto olamulira. zinthu zatsopano zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito pano. The chitsulo chogwira matayala woyamba ndi wotsiriza anali pagalimoto mikondo yawo, ndipo chiwerengerochi anali okonzeka ndi pakati masiyanidwe.

mafuta

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zatsopano, limene zapita monga cholowa mwa mwana woyamba wa mbewu yatsopano - ndilo osachepera mafuta. Galimoto ZIL-170 akutenga okwana malita 34 pa 100 Km. zizindikiro izi ndi tsiku pakati pa wotsikitsitsa mu galimoto heavy-ntchito mu kalasi ake.

Zosintha kunja

Ponena za deta kunja makina, m'pofunika mfundo zingapo. Galimoto inali kukhala heavy-ndi njira yoyamba pa thupi matani 8 akanakhoza kutenga matani 6 katundu. The zinachitika anali flatbed galimoto ndi lona, koma pambuyo anapita ndi magalimoto, ndi dambo magalimoto. Komabe kwambiri chitukuko cha zosintha izi anadza kale pa zomera Naberezhnye Chelny. Choncho kufotokoza ndi kutenga adakwera Baibulo. magawo onse a ZIL-170 amaoneka mu chiwembu zokambidwa pamwambapa.

Main miyeso, amene anali chimodzimodzi makina onse, tilembere payokha. Total kutalika - 7435 mm, mtunda kuchokera bampala ku malo gudumu choyamba - 1275 mamilimita pakati pa nkhwangwa mawilo kumbuyo - 1320 mm, kuchokera kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa malo a - 3190 mm. Cacikulu m'lifupi - 2500 mm, pakati matayala pa chitsulo chogwira matayala chomwecho - pang'ono kuposa 2000 mm. Mmene kumbuyo awiri axles analimbitsa - 4 pa chilichonse gudumu.

Mukhozanso monga khalidwe Redieta grille kafukufuku kunja mu kumanja chapamwamba kutsogolo yotsiriza, umene anatengera KamAZ, ndi zinthu zina zambiri zimene ziyeneretso lonse, monga lacing pansi pa hema.

Pomaliza

"ZIL" anali mbewu yokha ya Soviet Union, amene chitukuko, pakulowa mu mndandanda, anakhala zonse kuyenda bwino, mwachitsanzo, ZIL 130. zitsanzo zambiri wotsatira anali offshoots kuchokera waukulu mndandanda (131, 132, 133 540). Choncho anayamba ndi ZIL-170. Kuti amasule Mabaibulo awa amanga chomera lonse. The magalimoto loyamba la chitukuko atsopano ogwira akubwereza "ZIL", koma patapita anakhala makina chosiyana. Komabe, iwo onse anapeza ntchito yawo makampani ano.