Zho Godfrua, "kuwerenga maganizo ndi chiyani?"

Buku Godefroid, ndi adherent wa kalembedwe kulankhulana kuwerenga maganizo, chifukwa cha ntchito zake, kulanda zinachitikira moyo. Kwalembedwa mwa njira yotero kuti owerenga kumva lightness kuloŵerera zakuthupi. Buku ngakhale ndi maphunziro chida, Komabe, ndi chidwi kuti iye ndithudi ndikufuna kwambiri kuwerenga kuti mapeto. Komanso, pali wofuna kubwerera nkhani kangapo. Jo alibe kuzindikira kuphunzitsa mawonekedwe yovula pamene wophunzira chabe anasamutsa chidziwitso mu buku lalikulu la chuma Buku, kotero kuti ophunzira kumverera ntchito Sisyphean. Buku umalimbana kuphunzira kuwerenga maganizo a madokotala m'tsogolo, aphunzitsi, akatswiri a maganizo, ndi akungofuna nkhaniyi.

amaŵerenga

Mlembi amanena pofuna kupeza osati magulu mudziwe maganizo, komanso chidziwitso cha mmene sayansi n'kofunika kuti yankho la mavuto chachikulu lero. Labor Godefroy "zamaganizo Kodi ndi" Cholinga kuutsa aphunzitsi ake chidwi kosaoneka Maphunzirowa nkhani za.

Choncho, sitikukayikira anauza omvera za mikangano omwe angabuke sayansi yamakono, mphamvu ya amalanga maganizo ndi zotsatira za chitukuko ichi. Godefroy si mantha kukaonekera osadziwa nkhani iliyonse, kukambirana za mavuto awo ndipo alibe kulenga maganizo olakwika zimene zamaganizo sayansi akhoza kupereka mayankho a mavuto onse.

Monga mphunzitsi, iye wakonda kuwaululira mphamvu za kuwerenga maganizo ngati akutulukira kayendedwe sayansi, zonse akukumana kukaikira ndi kudzapeza amasonyeza chiyani zamaganizo, ngati iwo akufuna kukhala oona mtima pa ntchito zawo akatswiri.

The chidwi m'buku?

Malinga ndi asayansi, kuti kusintha ndi chitsogolo, muyenera kuwerenganso kuweruza kwawo ndi ntchito. Iye amayesetsa kusonyeza owerenga kuti kuwerenga maganizo kuposa nkhani zina za sayansi, kupatulapo Chaanthu, kungakhale amadalira mfundo ofala chikhalidwe. Onani zamaganizo a - anaphunzitsidwa kuona zolakwa za anthu. Pankhaniyi, Godefroy, kulankhula momasuka za zikayiko bwino kufotokoza momwe deta anali linachokera ndi momwe amazisamalira.

Ngati mdani wa wachinyengo, ndi zamaganizo sapereka mmalo sukulu ina iliyonse. Iye anali ndi maganizo palokha kwambiri ndi kulimbika aluntha. Jo atamukoka mfundo kuchokera ku magwero osiyanasiyana ndipo ikusonyeza muzu awiri a khalidwe la munthu - kwachilengedwenso ndi chikhalidwe. Shtudiruya buku Godefroy "zamaganizo Kodi" owerenga ndi yodziwa asayansi ambiri akuluakulu, maganizo awo ndi kuwerengetsera ongolankhula.

Bukuli chidwi aliyense amene amatenga mu manja ake. Izi izo kukhala kukhudzidwa kwa wolemba kuti zamaganizo - mwambo chidwi. Asanayambe kuphunzitsa ophunzira ake kuti Quebec, Zho Godfrua kuphunzitsa ana African, kenako ogwirizana mu phiko la m'kalasi ndipo anachita zisudzo ankachita masewera, amene akanakhoza kukhala katswiri.

Ntchito imeneyi ndi chiyambi kuwerenga maganizo. Mmenemo mipata mu mabuku ambiri za sayansi. Buku anakhala ndipo akwere ambiri asayansi ndi aphunzitsi amene akufuna kupereka ophunzira amalidziŵa bwino ndi kukopa chidwi chilangocho. Reader njira mwadzaza Zopatsa chidwi zimene tatsimikiza kuti akufuna kupitiriza! Godefroy buku "Kodi zamaganizo" wopambana kwambiri mu Canada.

Izo zikusonyeza aliyense amene mobwerezabwereza anayesa kuchotsa zamaganizo a ndondomeko okwana maphunziro monga limodzi okonda chilango cholinga, kuti malire ake ndi onse kwambiri ndipo m'pofunika kufufuza.

Cholinga cha phunziro wa zamaganizo

sayansi izi zinali zonse chidwi munthuyo, kuya wamaganizo, kayendedwe mtima maganizo ndi chikumbumtima, m'maganizo mwake, yokumbukira, maganizo ndi kulankhulana, mawu ena - dziko lamkati.

Akatswiri a sayansi ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zimayambitsa ndi zithunzi za chiyambi cha khalidwe zina anthu, malamulo khalidwe chikhalidwe. N'zochititsa chidwi kwambiri kumvetsa njira za m'maganizo maganizo ntchito ndi zimene kumene magwero a kudzoza ndi zilandiridwenso anthu. Kuphunzira nkhani zimenezi Cholinga kuwerenga maganizo, amene amafotokoza yokha sayansi, koma lero pafupi chikhulupiriro, luso ndi njira sayansi.

Zoterezi chosadziwika udindo wa zamaganizo chifukwa chakuti kwakhala opanikizika kwambiri ndi mfundo chikhalidwe. Nthawi zambiri kukula kwa munda makamaka amatanthauza mfundo pagulu. Aliyense boma lili ndi malamulo yake. Ali ndi mphamvu pa chitukuko cha nthambi za sayansi. Mwachitsanzo:

· Akana psychoanalysis;

· The maganizo a maphunziro ndi mapangidwe umunthu amaganiza;

· Fufuzani pa zosowa anthu alipo ...

Mfundo za bukhu

Nthawi zambiri sayansi ndi mavuto, amene adakumba kusiyana maganizo ndi kukanidwa mwa zinthu zina mu dziko, kusafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za sayansi zachilengedwe m'munda wa chidziwitso cha umunthu. Mogwirizana ndi buku ili Godefroy "Kodi zamaganizo" n'kofunika kwambiri. Ndi chochitika wolemera lecturing pulofesa limakupatsani ntchito bukuli ngati ntchitoyi ku koleji ku yunivesite.

Bukuli ndi Buku. Zingamvekere mumaganiza onse alipo sayansi kuwerenga maganizo ndi chitukuko posachedwapa m'madera zosiyanasiyana. wolemba asamalira maganizo ndiwofatsa pa kuzindikira, kukumbukira, kuganiza. Izo zikusonyeza, kodi akatswiri a maganizo, amene waukulu ntchito ali ndi kusankha mmene kukhala bwinobwino apuma pa deta umoyo-zamoyo monga tawerenga zolinga khalidwe la anthu mmadera.

Nkhani ulaliki

Waukulu ntchito zamaganizo amakopeka osati sayansi kufotokoza, komanso kumasulira zotsatira. wolemba ayesera ngati kuli kotheka kuti achoke ku ndale. Iye akukhulupirira kuti sayansi amakhala oona pamene zokambirana nthanthi adzakupatsani njira zonse zazikulu ndi osiyana kuyesera. Kwa Inde, mfundo unkagwiritsidwa mwapadera malingana ndi malamulo a zamaganizo ndi njira ya ntchito ubongo.

Pomaliza, buku zinthu limaoneka mwadongosolo ndi didactically yolondola - ndi kaperekedwe ka kwambiri. ntchito zolembedwa Godefroy - kazembe zamaganizo buku sukulu yapamwamba, imene mutu uliwonse umayamba ndi ulaliki zakuthupi zofunika kwambiri. Ndiye kukodzedwa gawo "Documents" deta ndi zina. ntchito munthu kusonyeza view timapangira (a ntchito ubongo, ndi kusanthula zowerengera).

A mbali yofunika kwambiri ankaimba ndi mafunso amene ali kumapeto kwa mutu uliwonse ndi luso kudziletsa. kafukufukuyu akhoza kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi makompyuta, izo kwambiri atsogolere ntchito kuloŵerera ndi ulamuliro.

A mbiri pang'ono

Pamene wolemba anali mwana wa Marc Richelle, izo zinachitika kwa iye zochitika zoseketsa chomwe pambuyo mukopedwe ntchito yake akatswiri. Mphunzitsi nambweza ndi imodzi mwa kuona koyamba, zomwe iye amayenera kutenga.

Godefroy adzachita chiphunzitso mu Africa Central. Koma iye anali kukhala kwa mosamalitsa Anthropology ethnographic, ndipo panali ena mipata yaikulu tadziŵa nkhaniyi. Mark Rishel anaganiza kuti ndi zosavomerezeka kwa munthu amene akufuna ntchito mofulumira m'madera chilango zimenezi n'kofunika kwambiri. item Izi kawirikawiri anakumana pamene kuphunzira pa pulogalamu mokakamiza njira yoyamba ya Psychology. Zho Godfrua anagwirizana ndi mphunzitsi ndipo analandira vutoli. Mwamsanga anaphunzira zinthu otaika ndi kumvetsa kuphunzira phunziro. Zotsatira wakhala patsogolo kwa sayansi wamng'ono - Iye anadzipereka kuwerenga maganizo komanso zomwe anakwanitsa kwambiri.

Jo kutsimikizira kwa aliyense kuti mukhoza kukhala munthu wachangu, ali ndi odzipereka, mokhudza khalidwe ndi akamvera yovuta zasayansi mode. Wasayansi anasonyeza m'maganizo ndi woyamba anachita kafukufuku kuti Chili Maganizo a ethology ndi nyama zamaganizo experimental. Ena ichi, patangopita zaka khumi.

Mukugona onse pafupi hamsters ndi Godefroid anatenga kanema, amene tsopano kusonyezedwa kwa ophunzira. Zaka 12 zitapita hamsters n'kuyamba mapuloteni Canada, limene pulofesa ayenera wanzeru digirii nkhani yolembedwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo iye ndinkayenda ndekha mu Quebec, kumene nthawi zonse anatsogolera kuphunzitsa.

Kusiyana maganizo

Zojambula Godefroy, imene inafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kuwerenga maganizo onse - buku sukulu yapamwamba, munali ena mwa zikalata kusonyeza njira nzeru kuphunzira.

maganizo ake ali kusiyana kwambiri ndi anthu a Michel de A Prakontalya popularizer, mlembi wa buku lakuti "chinyengo Scientific ku maphunzilo kumi." Malinga Godfrey, Michelle shames asayansi ku minda ya sayansi: sayansi, zamoyo, neurophysiologists, ethologists, amene chifukwa cha kafukufuku yaitali anabwera angapo malingaliro, sayansi zomveka.

Jo amaganiza kuti njira yabwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito munthu ndi anthu ena pa chitukuko maganizo yovuta, ndi kudzapeza cholinga kufotokoza njira ya kafukufuku, mapangidwe mfundo ndi zitsanzo, kudziponya mzake ndipo akufuna ena pakati zaumunthu ndi .

Akale ndi Ano

wolemba imatiuza chakuti maganizo "kuganiza moyo" ndi "maganizo nyama" Descartes, maganizo Freud ndi "libido" ndi "chikumbumtima" ndipo ena osagwidwa bukhu, zamaganizo sayenera amati choonadi chenicheni ndipo mwanjira inayake " onyenga ". chiphunzitso wawo panopa kuti zimenezi zinatsimizikidwa kale. Pa nkhani imeneyi, sikutheka amakana patsogolo maganizo ndi kuganizira, mwachitsanzo, "holographic" amanena Pribram ndi kungoganizira Bohm "pa kuya kwa kudzikonda," Lilly ndi ena.

Wasayansi anafotokoza mu ntchito kwambiri kuti zamaganizo sangathe ndiponso Musadikire kwa chiphunzitso chomaliza cha ubongo, ndiyeno ife kuyesetsa kumvetsa ndi kuchitapo kanthu. Psychology zofunika kupanga ake zitsanzo dongosolo yekha, tiphunzire bwino kuthandiza anthu kukonda, moyo ndi kufa.

Masiku ano, m'pofunika kwambiri, anthu kusamalira kudzikundikira chidziwitso, umene n'zotheka kuti asiyanitse tirigu ndi mankhusu lekani panjira.