Zamaganizo Anna Freud: MBIRI ndi Photo

Anna Freud, zithunzi ndi biographies ali m'nkhani ino - mwana wamng'ono Sigmund Freud ndi mkazi wake Marita. Iye anabadwa mu 1895, December 3. Pa nthawi imeneyo zinthu ndalama zimene zinali zovuta, komanso mavuto m'banja kulimbikitsa kubadwa kwa mwana ndi chimodzi. Marta Freyd kudziletsa anatsogolera banja, komanso kusamalira ana. Pofuna kuthandiza naye kunyumba Freud ndi anasamukira Minna, mchemwali wake. Iye anabereka mwana wachiwiri kwa Anna.

Mphamvu ya atate

Sigmund anakakamizika ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Only pa maholide, anapeza njira yoyankhulirana ndi ana awo. Kwa bambo Anna anali mphoto apamwamba la kuzindikira. Iye anayesera kuti iye kukhala bwino.

learning

Mu 1901, Anna pasukulu ku sukulu yaboma. Patatha zaka ziwiri kuphunzira kumeneko mu wowerengeka. Ndiye Anna Freud pasukulu payekha mkulu. Komabe, sikunali kokwanira kwa wina ndi prodlozheniya maphunziro pa yunivesite - ayenera sukulu ya sekondale. Maphunziro Anna sanalandire.

Kulekana ndi Sophie

Mtsikana wakhala yovuta 1911. Kenako anasiya nyumba ya atate ake, Sophie, mchemwali wake. Zinali ankakonda bambo ake, ndipo ambiri a alendo ake Anagwa mchikondi ndi mtsikana uyu. Sophie ndi Anna ankakhala chipinda chimodzi ndi ochezeka kwambiri. Pamene Sophie tinakwatirana, Anna anali adayamba zaka 16. Kale anapambana mayeso Lyceum. Mkazi adzazunzidwa ndi funso mmene ena mapeto ake omwe. Iye sanali wokongola, nkomwe yekha ndi khalidwe homely achinyamata maximalism.

Travel, kupitiriza maphunziro ndi kuphunzitsa zinthu

Potsatira malangizo a Sigmund ananka ulendo kuti tisiye kusauka kwa maganizo a zidindo latsopano. 5 miyezi Anna anakhala mu Italy, ndipo pambuyo atabwerako, anapitiriza maphunziro ake. kulemba mayeso omaliza iye anadutsa mu 1914, ndipo zaka 5 ankachita nawo ntchito yophunzitsa.

Ankadziwa psychoanalysis

Sigmund anali wokhutitsidwa ndi ntchito ya mwana wake wamkazi. Iye ananena kuti msungwana m'makalata yekha awiri kusowa kwake - overreliance pa kuluka ndipo adawerama kaimidwe. Anne kumva za psychoanalysis bambo ake pamene iye anali zaka 13. Kenako, powona kuti mwana wake ali afuna, Sigmund inam'lola kupezeka pa nkhani chake ndipo pa phwando odwala. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1918 mpaka 1921 iye anagwirizira kusanthula bambo ake. Ichi chinali kuphwanya mwambo psychoanalytic, koma Sigmund ulamuliro sanalole otsatira ake kuti afotokoze kuwakhumudwitsa poyera.

Pambuyo First World nkhondo, ana Freud ndi anawatengera ku usilikali, ndipo mwana wake wamkazi anakwatiwa. Anna ndi wa ana anakhala ndi bambo awo. Iye anali zonse mkwati.

Kupambana loyamba

Popeza 1918, anatenga mbali ya International Psychoanalytic Congress. A membala wa "Psychoanalytic Yofalitsa House" (English Dipatimenti) anayamba mu 1920. zinthu ake ogwirizana ndi maloto zenizeni ndi nkhambakamwa. Anna ikumasuliridwa buku German "akudzuka maloto" J. Varendok.

Mu 1923 Anna anatsegula mchitidwe wake. Iwo anaikidwa mu nyumba kumene bambo ake anatenga odwala. Ndi Sigmund anadza kwa akulu, ndi Anna anatenga ana. Adzaupereka kwa psychoanalysis ake Kugawilidwa kwanthaka ngongole ubwana wodziimira malangizo kuchita. Rethinking lingaliro la atate, Anna Freud ali ukukhudza ake onse pa mwanayo. Ndipotu, si zochepa, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale wofuna thandizo ndi kuvutika monga momwe munthu wamkulu.

mavuto anakumana ntchito akatswiri

Poyamba Ine anakumana ndi mabvuto zinthu zawo akatswiri Anna Freud. Wambiri izo unalibe kupeza maphunziro zachipatala. Chosowa wakhala chopinga kuzindikiridwa. Zigmund Freyd psychoanalysis zimachitika makamaka kuwerenga maganizo kuposa mankhwala. Komabe, lingaliro ili si onse. Komanso, ambiri a akatswiri nawo maphunziro a zachipatala. Choncho, pakalibe Anna wake anayang'ana sangathe kwambiri. Kuti izo sanalole odwala. Mtsikanayo anayamba ndi ana a anzawo ndi anzawo. Ukutionetsera mavuto a ntchito ndi achinyamata amene akudwala. Akuluakulu anali ndi chidwi chithandizo ndi okonzeka kulipira izo. Komabe, mwana zinachititsa kuti makolo Anna, pamene zambiri motsutsana ndi chifuniro chake. Nthawi zambiri ana capricious, sanafune kulankhula, kubisala pansi pa tebulo. Apa ndi zothandiza Anna aphunzire chiphunzitso: anakhoza kukonza ophunzira yekha. Iye anauza wanga nkhani odwala mwawo anachereza zofunika, ndipo ngati kunali koyenera, ndipo iye akanakhoza kupeza pansi pa gome kulankhula wamakani pang'ono.

thandizo bambo

Anna Freud mwadzidzidzi mu 1923 kuti Sigmund khansa. Iye anapita kwa opaleshoni, ndi kobvuta ndi magazi lolemera. Anna ananena kuti Sigmund thandizo ku nyumba. Pofuna kuthandiza bambo ake, iye anaika khama wodzipereka. Sigmund Freud kwakukulukulu kuyamika Anna anali ndi moyo zaka 16. 31 opaleshoni. mwana wake anayang'ana pambuyo pake, ndipo anatenga ulamuliro pa gawo lalikulu la bizinesi yake. Anna wachita pa congresses mayiko m'malo Sigmund kwachitika mphoto yake, anali kuwerenga malipoti.

Kugwirizana ndi D. Burlingame

Mu Vienna mu 1925 anabwera D. Burlingame-Tiffany. Izi wamkazi wa olemera industrialist ndi zatsopano Tiffany admirer a Sigmund Freud. Popita ndi ana ake anayi, koma wopanda mwamuna wake (amene anali ndi ubale amakhumudwa). Anna Freud anabereka mwana wachiwiri kwa ana ake, komanso mphwake - mwana Sophie, amene anamwalira mu 1920. Iye ankaimba nawo, kuyenda, anapita ku bwalo lamasewera. D. Berling mu 1928 anasamukira ku nyumba Freud kufikira imfa yake (mu 1979) anakhalapo kuno.

Buku loyamba

Kumapeto kwa 1924 anali mlembi wa Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute Anna Freyd. Ana psychoanalysis - mutu wa nkhani aphunzitsi zomwe anawerengazo pa anayambitsa. Buku loyamba Anna Freud linapangidwa nkhani zinayi. Iyo imatchedwa "An Introduction to the njira ya psychoanalysis mwana." Bukuli linatulutsidwa mu 1927.

nthawi yovuta

1930 zinkawavuta kayendedwe psychoanalytic, ndi banja Freud a. "Psychoanalytic Yofalitsa House" imene inachokera pa ndalama zambirimbiri mu 1920s oyambirira, mu 1931, anali pafupifupi uwonongedwe. Iwo anali kupulumutsidwa pokhapokha mwa achitapo Anna Freud.

"Psychology Ine ndi zithumwa"

Mu 1936, waukulu ongolankhula ntchito ya kafukufuku wa linasindikizidwa. Anna Freud ( "Psychology Ine ndi njira yodzitetezera") anatsutsa maganizo chinthu psychoanalysis - yekha atakomoka. Zimakhala "Ine" - likulu la kutsitsimuka. Psychoanalysis Anna Freud Choncho yodziwika ndi njira nzeru kwa chinthu.

Nazi utakhala

Ku Ulaya pa nthawi iyi mitambo ya mvula inasonkhana Nazism. Pambuyo Hitler anayamba kulamulira, lamulo kakusintha psychoanalysis ndi Sigmund zolemba unatenthedwa. Psychoanalysts pakuwoneratu ngozi kumanzere Austria. Makamaka Ayuda adawopa Nazi. Odwala ndi okalamba Freud zinali zovuta kusiya dziko. Mu Vienna, anapeza Anazi. Annu Freyd March 22, 1938 anaitanidwa ku Gestapo mafunso. Oopa wozunzikirapo, anatenga poizoni. Lero anali ndi vuto loopsa kwa iye. moyo wake wonse ankalota chokumbukira iye. Anna ndiye sanathe kubwerera kumene iye anayang'ana mu maso a imfa. Only mu 1971 anapita ku lalifupi ulendo Vienna, anapita kunyumba zakale, komwe ankakhala kamodzi yekha.

emigration

Kudzera mwa thandizo la Marie Bonaparte, mwana wamkazi wa mfumu French, komanso kazembe American kwa France ndi Austria, Sigmund Freud, mwana wake wamkazi ndi mkazi wake anakwanitsa kugula Nazi. Banja 4 June 1938 anapita ku Paris, ndiyeno - kwa England. Apa Freud ndi Anna anakhala moyo wake wonse. Sigmund Freud anamwalira mu 1939, pa September 23. Anna yomweyo anayamba kugwira ntchito pa buku la ntchito zake zopereka. Mu 1942-45 gg. inasindikizidwa mu Germany mu German.

Ntchito Anna Freud mu nthawi unawonongedwa

Nkhondo itatha, Anna anatumiza khama lawo zonse kuthandiza ana anakhudzidwa ndi bomba German. Iye anasonkhanitsa ana a nyumba dilapidated, ndi thandizo bungwe kwa iwo, pa magulu osiyanasiyana, maziko ndi anthu kudzera kuwathandiza. Anna Freud mu 1939 anatsegula nazale. Mpaka 1945, anapeza malo ogona ana oposa 80 a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Anna zafalitsa zotsatira za maphunziro anachita pa deta komanso mu "Report Monthly".

Anna Freud mu 1945 anali ndi zaka 50. Pamsinkhu uwu, ambiri kupuma, koma ankachita mu dziko A kudziwa kwawo. Anna nawo congresses, miyambo aulemu, misonkhano, kuyenda kwambiri. ulendo wake woyamba ku United States kunachitika mu 1950. Iye anakamba nkhani. Mu London, mwana wamkazi wa Sigmund Freud ntchito pa anayambitsa: anatsogolera nkhani colloquiums, misonkhano, pothetsa mavuto gulu.

Otchuka amene anatembenukira kwa Anna

Psychoanalysis wochititsidwa paokha mpaka 1982. otchuka ambiri anabwera kwa iye, kuphatikizapo Marilyn Monroe. Anna anali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa Hermann Hesse, anakhalabe kukhudzana ndi A. Schweitzer. 12 maulendo pambuyo 1950 iye anapita ku United States kupereka nkhani.

The lomaliza, zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Mu 1965, Anna Freud ntchito kwake "wakudziko ndi kudwala ana." Mu 1968, Anna zinamuchititsa mu m'chinenero chawo. Anna Freud kwa nthawi yaitali anadwala ululu kumbuyo, matenda a m'mapapo. Kuti izi Chinawonjezeka mu 1976 magazi m'thupi. Ankafunika magazi nthawi zonse. Ngakhale pa zaka 80, Anna sanasiye ntchito. Komabe, March 1, 1982 sitiroko, kenako isanayambike ziwalo, ndi kobvuta kulankhula matenda. Komabe, pamene mu chipatala, Anna anapitiliza kugwira ntchito pa buku za malamulo banja.

Zamaganizo Anna Freud, ntchito zimene ziri choyenera kuzindikira, anafa October 8, 1982 Iye tapereka zaka zoposa 60 kafukufuku wa sayansi ndi psychoanalytic ntchito. Panthawi imeneyi, Anna yatulusa nkhani zambiri, nkhani ndi malipoti m'gulu zosonkhanitsira buku la magawo khumi la mabuku ake.