Woyimba zeze Yasha Heyfets: yonena, zilandiridwenso, mbiri moyo ndi chidwi mfundo

Yasha Heyfets - zeze kwa Mulungu. Nzosadabwitsa iyo imatchedwa. Ndi chimwemwe mbiri yake kuperekedwa khalidwe moyenera. Mverani woimba izi wanzeru, kusangalala anachitapo wa Saint-Saens, Sarasate, Tchaikovsky ndi kuphunzira za moyo wake. Kukumbukira iye kusungidwa.

ubwana

Joseph Ruvimovich (Yasha) Heifetz anabadwa mu Vilnius, mu Russian Ufumu 1901. bambo ake anabwera kwa mzinda uwu ku Poland, ndipo zaka zitatu anayamba kuphunzitsa mwana wake kusunga zeze ndi kuwerama. Ndipo iye anali kudziona anaphunzitsa woimba, ndi ntchito mwakanthawi pa ukwati ndi zikondwerero zina. mwana wakhala nampsompsona ndi Mulungu, anam'patsa onse - kumva, kukumbukira nyimbo, kukatumikira ndi thanzi. Mu zaka zinayi zinatengera kuphunzira ndi mphunzitsi wabwino Vilna Malkin. Mu zaka zisanu, Yasha Heyfets wanena kale pagulu, nanga! The kwambiri zovuta kuzimvetsa. Zinali pa sukulu nyimbo. Pamaso aphunzitsi ndi kuyendera mwana ankasewera "ubusa Zongoganizira" Singel. Monga mwana akhoza kulowa mu moyo wa mankhwala, kupewa zolakwa luso? Monga mwana si mantha kuima pamaso omvera wamkulu udzafunidwa wina pa siteji? Izi zitha anaganiza. Mu zaka eyiti iye wachita ndi oimba konsati wa Mendelssohn-Bartholdy.

Mu St. Petersburg Conservatory

Mu zaka zisanu ndi zinayi (!) Yasha Heyfets kale kuphunzira pa inali ndi. Ndalama yosamutsa ndi maphunziro anapereka dera Ayuda Vilna. Patapita chaka chimodzi, choyamba anachita Nyumba Small wa pasukulu. Ndiyeno panali ntchito pa siteshoni Pavlovsk ndi ulendo ku Odessa, Warsaw ndi Lodz. Mu zaka khumi Yasha analemba Nkhani yoyambirira. Anamveka Schubert ndi Dvorak. Iye anagwiritsitsa kukaimba Berlin ndiyeno Dresden, Hamburg ndi Prague. Iye anali ndi zaka khumi, ndi zeze anali asanakhale munthu wamkulu, koma kumpanda atatu, koma masewera kumalondolera omasuka ndi virtuosity. Ndipo pambali, otsutsa onse ananena kuti akutanthauzira executable. Choncho anayamba Yasha Heyfets. luso ntchito Growth anayenda ndi leaps ndi malire. Mu 1913 iye anali kale pafupifupi woimba anaukhazikitsa, ndipo zasungidwa wake kumeneko banja lonse. The First World nkhondo anamupeza Germany. Movutikira, anatha kubwerera kwawo. Ndipo kale mu 1916, pamene iye anali pa ulendo mu Norway, anaitanidwa America. Pambuyo kudutsa Russia kwa Vladivostok, Heifetz banja m'chombo ku Japan ndipo kenako ku United States.

America

anaonekera koyamba October 17, 1917 pa Carnegie Hall zapita bwino yosatheka kuneneka. masewera ake anzeru nsangala zinamveka ponseponse komanso kutsutsa. Iwo unali Mtheradi amene woyimba zeze iliyonse amayesetsa, koma woimba wamng'ono anali kale wangwiro mu njira iliyonse. Mkokomo wa chida unali wapadera, chilango cha ovuta kwambiri ndime njira anali opanda cholakwa, kupingasa mawuwo melodic inkaoneka, pachimake mwadzidzidzi chakumene. Iye anakhala fano American.

Patapita zaka ziwiri iye anali kugula wake woyamba Stradivarius. Kenako anadzakhala zeze wina wa mfiti, ndiyeno Guarneri. Pa iwo, iye ankasewera wotsatira wake wonse moyo.

Anatengera ku America kunali kosavuta. Heyfets Yasha anayamba kulankhula momasuka, anagula galimoto, pa boti, kusewera tenisi ndi kukhala nthawi yochepa kuthera nyimbo. Izi yomweyo bwanji khalidwe la nyama yake. Koma mnyamatayo sanachedwe kukonza zolakwa za. Ndimakumbukirabe ankaimba zeze zosaneneka. Yasha Heyfets mu 1925 anadzakhala nzika United States.

ukwati

Mu 1929 anakwatira. Mkazi wake anali Mmereka filimu nyenyezi Florence Arto. Mu 1930, achinyamatawo anali mwana wa Yosefe, ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri - mwana wa Robert.

ntchito woyendera

Mu zaka 20-30 anayenda ndi zoimbaimba padziko lonse. 1920 - London, 21 - Australia, 22 TH - Britain, 23 - East, 24 TH 25 TH - England, 26 - America South ndi Middle East. Pafupi sizinachitike kunyumba, kukhala mu mahotela paulendo wake. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti, ngati unali kawiri anapita mwezi - kuti anali kutalika kwa maulendo ake. Mu 1933 iye ankasewera ndi oimba wa New York Philharmonic. Ndipo panali wochititsa kwambiri Arturo Toscanini. Iye ankaimba vayolini concerto "Mtumiki" anadzipereka kwa wolemba yekha.

Relations ndi Mama Soviet

The chakudya chokoma ndi nzeru kusamala mawu ake Heifetz amaloledwa kukhala bwino ndi boma la Soviet. Mu 1934, iye anadutsa Nazi Germany kwa Moscow ndi Leningrad, ndipo anakana kukhala mu dziko, limene ndinkakhala nalo kuwonekera koyamba kugulu ake ndi kumene ankatchedwa kumbuyo mu zaka zoyambilira, "Mngelo wa zeze lapansi." Koma mu Soviet Union, anapereka zoimbaimba asanu ndi anakumana ndi ophunzira pasukulu. Ndi kumvetsa zozama za luso lake apamwamba anachita kuphedwa kwa otsutsa Soviet. Omasuka ndi amene iye anagonjetsa mavuto luso 24 Paganini caprice, palibe kusokeretsedwa. Heifetz masewera otchedwa kunyezimira.

moyo

Mu 1938 Heyfets Yasha anali woyamba aitanidwa ku kuwombera filimuyo. Iye basi anali kusewera yekha.

Patapita zaka ziwiri iye anagula nyumba mabanja awiri. Mmodzi sanali kutali Los Angeles, Beverly Hills, ndi zina - pa Pacific gombe m'mphepete mwa Malibu. Kenako anayamba kuphunzitsa pa yunivesite ya Southern California. Koma makonsatiwo ntchito sasiya. Iye amapita pa ulendo wa America South ndipo, ndithudi, pa nkhondo imene anali mu zipatala.

Mu 1945, Heifetz wosiya mkazi wake, ndipo amalenga banja latsopano ndi Francis Spiegelberg zaka ziwiri. Mu banja adabadwa mwana wa Yosefe. Mu 1950 kuchotsedwa wina filimu za Heifetz misonkhano ndi ophunzira a ku yunivesite ya California.

Ulendo kwa Israel

Mu 1953, pa ulendo ku Israel, anaphatikizapo nkhani chidwi Wolemba, koma German Richard Strauss. Iye anafunsidwa kuti kukayisewera zeze sonata "lopondereza" Wolemba. Komabe, Heyfets Yasha, woyimba zeze Myuda, ali ndi maganizo osiyana, ndipo sanasinthe pulogalamu yake. Iye anayamba kulandira makalata ndi zinthu zomwe ndi woyimba zeze kwambiri sanali kupereka chidwi. Nthawi ina ziwonetsero anali anaukira ndi chitsulo bala mnyamata. Heifetz ayesa kusunga sanawononge wapatali ndipo ankakonda chida, koma anavulala. monyanyira izi ndi Kutsekeledwa, ngakhale ndi kufufuza zinachitikadi. dzanja lake lamanja woyimba zeze atavulazidwa, ndipo anali ndi zaka makumi awiri sanabwere kwa Israel.

Mu United States

Pofika chaka cha 60, pamene fiddler anabwera, chomwe, mu m'badwo, iye chepetse chiwerengero cha zisudzo woyendera. Koma izi kulipidwa chifukwa chakuti nyimbo mafilimu, ngakhale analemba nyimbo yotchuka monsemo, ngati munthu anali geyi. Heifetz ankachititsanso oimba kwa kanthawi "Metropolitan Opera". Mu 1962, iye analekana ndi mkazi wake, koma atangokwatirana kumene sanabwere. Kwa zaka 68, iye watha kuchita, nadzinenera kuti iye anataya chidwi mu zisudzo moyo ndipo pofika mu 1972 kwathunthu anadzipereka kuphunzitsa. Choyamba ophunzira pa mayunivesite, kenako, pafupi zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu, kupereka pandekha kunyumba kwake ku Beverly Hills. Iye anali mphunzitsi mtundu, wovuta kwambiri ndi woopsa. Nkhani yapadera anatsindika kuti mochedwa phunziro iye n'kutseka chitseko cha nyumba yake, ndipo iwo saphunzira. Adafunsira ophunzira molondola maphunziro ndi masuti ofunda. Atsikana - osachepera zodzoladzola ndi zodzikongoletsera. Akuda zeze onse saloledwa. Chifukwa chophwanya, anatenga chilango kuti anathandiza anthu ovutika. Iye waphunzitsa asangalatsi ambiri apadera.

situdiyo wake mu Kolnborskoy sukulu ilibe kanthu. Izo ntchito kuchititsa makalasi mbuye. makoma awa, kukumbukira wojambula kwambiri, kuuzira ophunzira amene zikugwira inali ndi.

Bambo Heifetz, monga anasankha adzatchedwa, anafa sitiroko mu 1987. Iye akufuna unachita kutenthedwa ndi kumwaza phulusa pa nyanja. Guarneri zeze iye anachoka asangalatsi woyenera amene akusewera San Francisco Museum, komwe ndi chida lokha.

Pomaliza za njira ya moyo ya oimba kwambiri ngati Yasha Heyfets. yonena wake ladzala ndi nyimbo utumiki, amene anali maziko a moyo wake.