Woyera Dormition agulupa ya Sviyazhsk

Mu zaka za m'ma XVI, ndi acuteness makamaka Russia anachita kulimbana ndi mnzake aukali - ndi Kazan Khanate. Pakuti nkhondo chofunika wodalirika thandizo m'munsi, ndi kuti zimenezi zitheke, mu 1551, atatsala pang'ono adani a Kazan Ivanom Groznym, anakhazikitsidwa linga tawuni Sviyazhsk. Malo osankhidwa iye pakamwa Sviyagi. Posakhalitsa, mzinda adakula anakhala pakati chigawo ndipo mu 1555 izo anakhazikitsa cloister kumene kumakhala Amonke, omwe anadzatchedwa monga Mfundo Sviazhsky obisika.

M'munsi mwa Kazan chigawocho ndi agulupa

Chaka maziko a obisika a amalembedwa chinthu china chofunika mu moyo wa kudera - kukhazikitsidwa kwa Kazan chigawocho. Ichi chinapangidwira zikomo zotheka kuti chigonjetso cha ulemerero cha manja Russian, kuthetsa ulamuliro wa Chitata khans pa magombe a Volga. Pa nkhani imeneyi, agulupa anakhazikitsidwa apa ayenera kukhala chimake cha zinthu zauzimu, maphunziro ndi amishonale. Atumiki ake pa zaka ziwiri zapitazi, onyamula kuunika kwa Orthodoxy m'madera Middle Volga.

Woyambitsa wa agulupa ndi rector wake woyamba anali Archimandrite Herman (Sadyrov Field). Mu ulamuliro wake agulupa anakula anapezanso mphamvu. Times anali yovuta kwambiri. Kuswa pafupi Kazan Chitata anamwazikana padziko ndi amaphatikizidwa mu gulu anaukira m'midzi yapafupi. Osati kamodzi anali ndi atsamunda ku cloister ndi, linasokonekera pemphero, kutenga zida.

The wokonda moyo wodzimana kwambiri, Archimandrite Herman

mwapadera penipeni pa utumiki wa ubusa, anadutsa Archimandrite Herman. Anawasiya ndi nthawi ofotokoza Sviazhsky obisika, iye anatsogolera Kazan chigawocho onse, kukhala alikibishopu wake wachiwiri. Mu 1566, pa behest wa Ivana Groznogo anafika ku Moscow, kumene iye anapempha kuti apite ku Moscow matauni dipatimenti m'malo wagwa asayanjidwe achifumu Metropolitan Philip.

Komabe, kuchokera ulemu lalitali, iye anakana, potenga mbali ndi bishopu manyazi anayamba zodzudzula mphulupulu chadzidzidzi ndi ankatumikira tsarist. Akutali ku nyumba ya posachedwa, Archimandrite anamaliza moyo wake wapadziko lapansi mu 1567. Mavuto a imfa yake adakali bwinobwino. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina kuphedwa, ndi pa zina - wamwalira pa mliri mliri.

Pambuyo pa imfa yake, ndi abbot woyamba wa agulupa anali alemekezedwa mwa nkhope ya oyera mtima, ndi mu 1592 zotsalira wake anali kachisi waukulu obisika a. Mu mabuku a Akukwera Cathedral, kumene anakwiriridwa, izo zikanakhala zotheka kuwerenga zambiri mbiri, umboni zozizwitsa anationetsera izi mwa mapemphero a chipembedzowo ndi agulupa okha.

Zaka za bwino obisika ndi

The heyday wa agulupa ayenera kuonedwa zaka XVI-XVIII. M'zaka ziwiri izi Sviyazhsk ansembe yotchedwa ndi wolemera lonse Middle Volga ndipo anali ngakhale pakati pa makumi awiri wotchuka kwambiri mu Russia. Nzosadabwitsa amaona Archimandrite chiwiri phindu mu boma. Pa dziko m'manja mwa obisika kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII, iwo amakhala ndi kugwira ntchito 7.200 alimi wamwamuna. The nambalayi a iwo a kwa ena amonke wa Kazan m'dera limodzi.

Chidwi, ndipo chotero mwatsatanetsatane: Sviazhsky obisika wogwidwa makina osindikizira, amene anayamba kufalitsa mabuku mapemphero lisanayambe kuchita mu Moscow mpainiya Ivan Fyodorov. zinthu zawo zosiyanasiyana ndalama dziko. Pamene 1764 mu Russian Ufumu unachitikira kusintha kumene kumakhala Amonke, ndi Sviazhsky Woyera Dormition ansembe yotchedwa linakhulupirira kalasi yoyamba, amene ankaona Mwambamwamba. Chotero ulemu kupereka kokha iye yekha wa amonke onse a Kazan chigawocho. Patapita zaka makumi awiri kusiyana ofanana waweruzidwa Virgin amonke Kazan.

Nthawi ya kusiya kupembedza a m'mayiko mpingo

Ndi kukonzanso pamwamba akuyendera Catherine II, pamaso kuchepa anayamba olemera ndi ukufalikira komweko. Makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito ndi anamuona pa nthawi iyi, zachuma mzinda wa Sviyazhsk, ndi impoverishment Chifukwa cha anthu. Komabe, chifukwa chachikulu zinachitikadi ndi Boma la kusiya kupembedza a m'mayiko kumene kumakhala Amonke.

Mu nthawi ya ulamuliro wake Catherine II anathamangitsa ndondomeko umalimbana kuwamana kuthekera chikoka mpingo pa zochitika boma. Njira imodzi kukwaniritsa cholinga ichi chinali kuchepetsa zachuma kakhalidwe ka moyo wa akachisi ndi mchitidwe umenewu. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, mfundo za linasindikizidwa February 24, 1764 malinga ndi zomwe maiko onse mpingo wadutsa mu umwini boma.

Zaka sakuyendetsa obisika ndi chiyambi cha zinthu zisinthe

Asalandidwe motero zinthu zazikulu za ndalama, Sviazhsky Mfundo ansembe yotchedwa pang'onopang'ono anayamba kutenga malo awo. Wokwanira kuti chiwerengero cha anthu ake, kamodzi pa Chimonko zana ndi novices, kuti chiyambi cha XX atumwi kusanduka twente-faifi, ndi mlingo wa ndalama anali poyerekeza m'malo ena a Kazan chigawocho.

zaka izi zisinthe, anabweretsa mavuto ambiri lonse Russian Orthodox. Ndinali nazonso ndi Sviyazhsk obisika. rector wake wotsiriza, Bishop Ambrose (beeps) anavutitsidwapo khamu mosalongosoka a asilikali. Patapita zaka zambiri, pamene dziko linafika mphamvu zake ndi osakhulupirira Mulungu misala, iye canonized, ndipo dziko lapansi silidamzindikira Iye monga wofera latsopano Ambrose.

Nthawi kulibe Mulungu chisembwere

M'zaka za mudzi osapemphera boma Sviyazhsk anakhala msasa m'dera olimba. Kumene kumakhala Amonke thupi ndi pafupi iwo akachisi anabedwa ndi khansa ndi zotsalira chosawonongeka wa St. Herman anatsegula anadetsa. Mu obisika kwa zaka zambiri anaika njuchi chifukwa delinquents zaumbanda, ndi m'mene angatetezedwe misala. Pamwamba pa mavuto, linali lalikulu pafupi mzinda pambuyo yomanga Kuibyshev posungira anali anasefukira ndi Sviyazhsk kukhala chilumba.

Chitsitsimutso cha obisika ndi

Only mkubwela kwa masiku ano, pamene mpingo unayamba mubwerezanso mozemba unachotsedwa katundu wake, nyumba yonse, zimene zinaphatikizapo Sviazhsky obisika anali atabwerera kwa okhulupirira. Yekha ndi amene anali gawo laling'ono, omwe anakhala mbali ya m'nyumbayi-otetezedwa. Iwo watumikira monga nthaka yachonde kwa chitsitsimutso cha mzinda. Akachisi kubwezeretsedwa adapitiriza kamodzi n'kusokoneza misonkhano mpingo ndiyeno n'kusambira pa mtsinje Sviyaga kulira mabelu obisika.

zokopa obisika

Woyera Mfundo ansembe yotchedwa Sviazhsky wotchuka chifukwa kukopa zikuluzikulu - wakale St. Nicholas Church. Iye ndi zaka mofanana kwambiri obisika ndi kumanga wake kunayamba chaka 1756. Chilili izo a yosema anajambulapo zigawenga Pskov ambuye lotsogoleredwa ndi Ivan Shiryaev. Patapita chaka chimodzi, belu ake nsanja Chinawonjezeka mu kutalika 43-mita. Matchalitchi selo imene anakhala woyamba abbot ya agulupa - St. Herman. Kuchokera Maulendo a anthu akale a obisika izo amadziwika kuti ngakhale pamaso pa utasintha, anapitirizabe zinthu wake.

The Cathedral yapafupi ya Akukwera inamangidwa zaka zisanu kenaka, St. Nicholas Church. Pamwamba ntchito olamulira womwewo wa Pskov. Ena kusintha anali pakati pa zana lotsatira. Kuti izi Chinawonjezeka gawo refectory ndi ng'oma yamphamvu octagonal mtanda gawo. Poyamba anali chisoti woboola pakati mzikiti anali m'malo mwa kwambiri kaso, mu kalembedwe Chiyukireniya Baroque. Ngakhale zaka zana pambuyo nyumbayo Ufumuyo khonde.

Komabe, mbali yaikulu ya mpingo lili izo frescoes nyengo Ivana Groznogo. chidwi koteroko akadali pamalo amodzi - mu tchalitchi pa dera la Woyera Chiwalitsiro amonke Yaroslavl. Otsutsa amanena kuti pakhoma zojambula nthawi imeneyi n'zochepa kwambiri.

Pali zitsanzo kale ndalemba patapita zaka, koma XVI m'ma wachoka pankhaniyi zochepa kwambiri cholowa. Kuwonjezera kufunika kwake mbiri ndi luso la frescoes Cathedral komanso ali ndi khalidwe chibadidwe yekha kwa iwo peculiarity: pakhoma kumadzulo, pamene anatengedwa kuimira gehena ndi zotsatira zake zonse, mu Cathedral wa Akukwera utoto paradaiso powonekera, limene palokha amalenga maganizo abwino mu wowerenga lapansi.

Pawiri akazi Sviyazhsk ansembe yotchedwa

Mu mzinda, koma obisika, zomwe mwakambirana, inali imodzi zambiri - wamkazi Sviazhsky Ivanovsky Akatolika. Iye wakhalanso anakhazikitsa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XVI. Ndi ili mu mtima wa Sviyazhsk mu Cathedral Square. Posakhalitsa, iye anakumana ndi mndandanda wa moto amphamvu, ndi avirigo anasamukira ku malo ena, nawapatsa chipinda a ku anathetsa pamaso pa Utatu-Sergio obisika.

Today kunyumba Sichinatsitsidwe nakhalanso maonekedwe, ndipo ali yekha mkazi St. Yohane Mbatizi pawiri Sviyazhsky wamwamuna obisika. Komabe, misonkhano ya mpingo yonse imachitika mu izo kufika zotchulidwa hayala a mpingo. Ndiponso, sasiya kubwezeretsedwa kwa nyumba zogona ndi kachisi. Moyo anabwerera obisika wakale, ndi mpanda wake wochereza alendo akuyembekezera kwa onse amene akufuna kubwera ndi kumiza nokha mu dziko lochititsa chidwi la Orthodox zakale.