Nsomba kumwa kapena ayi? Kodi sayansi imanena?

Atalingaliranso mbali zonse za vutolo, akatswiri anapeza kuti nsomba chakumwa sali yemweyo. Ngakhale bwino kunena - osamwa, ndi kutunga madzi m'thupi lanu. Ndipotu, madzi nawo mu njira zonse kagayidwe kachakudya. Popanda moyo ntchito sizingatheke. Ndizo zimene iwo anachita.

okhala madzi oyera

Izi kukongola mu thupi lawo ndi mchere mwakuti kumeza madzi kagayidwe si lamulo. Iwo likukhalira kuti nsomba kumwa thupi, osati pakamwa. Schematically, ndondomeko akhoza ankaimira motere. Ngati kuyika lotsatira zakumwa ziwiri zosiyana magawanidwe a mchere mwa iwo, kutsegula valavu, kumene vekitala wa mayamwidwe adzatumizidwa? Ndiko kulondola, motsogozedwa madzi zimalimbikitsa. The apamwamba a mchere ndende, zazikulu "ludzu" zimapweteka. Madzi wayamba kusuntha cha zimalimbikitsa madzi lili pang'ono zina, kukakamiza osmotic pafupifupi ziro. A nsomba - M'malo mwake. thupi lawo salt kwambiri. Likukhalira nthawi zonse akuyamwitsa chilengedwe. Ndipo ntchito yaikulu Si mayamwidwe ndi excretion. Dongosololi kusintha, mwinamwake anthu madzi oyera akhoza pathupi ndi mkangano, otaya chachikulu chotere mkati thupi. Iwo likukhalira kuti nsomba ndi kumwa njira pachiyambi. Iwo kuyamwa madzi kuti zofuna zake, ndipo ngakhale kusintha kukakamiza pa mkati.

okhala m'madzi

anthu awa a mchere madzi ndondomeko ndi anyamata. Pa nyanja, mchere ndende ndi mkulu. Chizindikiro osmotic kuthamanga ndi wofanana ndi makumi awiri atmospheres. M'madzi nsomba chakumwa kosalekeza. Iwo basi zonse kubwezeretsanso nkhokwe zake, chifukwa chilengedwe zonse awo "youma", madzi seeps kunja thupi lonse. Mfundo ndi zimaseketsa kwambiri. Pamene m'madzi nsomba kumwa madzi - iwo ali ndi moyo. Lekani - angathe "adzauma" kufa kwa imfa ya madzimadzi. Ndipo uyu, nthawi zonse madzi! Koma ngati malamulo a mayamwidwe. Kuthamanga osmotic m'matupi nsomba khumi zokha kuti atmospheres khumi. Kunja - kuposa kawiri monga mkulu. Kuti chimachititsa kuti nsomba osauka kumwa mosalekeza kuti apulumuke ndiponso kuti 'adzauma ". N'zochititsa chidwi kuti moyo ayenera madzi. Iwo wake "osasankhidwa" ndi kuchotsa mchere ndi zatsalira gill. N'chimodzimodzinso kuchitidwe, monga ng'ona. salt awa chikachita kuchotsedwa lacrimal zopangitsa. Pamene ng'onayo wokoma kudya, anali kufuula. Izi mchere owonjezera kunja kwa thupi.

Nsombayi ndi kunyezimira

Izi okhala padziko-nyanja anafotokozedwa kalasi lapadera. The zifukwa mtima "nkani" kuti makinawa ubwenzi wawo ndi malo osiyana kwambiri ndi anthu ena a nyanja. nsomba otchedwa osamwa monga mmene ena. Iwo "anaphunzira" mwinamwake kuthana ndi vuto la kusiyana kuthamanga osmotic. Amakhalabe mu urea awo m'magazi, ngakhale zoipa. Zilombozi ngakhale envelopu wapadera mu makutu a - chitetezo ku salt owonjezera. Choncho, kuwala ndi nsombazo kuthandiza mkati mchere ndende kuposa mu malo ozungulira. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti ndi chizindikiro cha anthu akale a nyanja. Iwo, monga madzi oyera, akuyamwitsa madzi lonse.

Chifukwa nsomba sitingakhale mu malo aliwonse

Kusiyana mu njira ya mogwirizana ndi madzi salola iwo kuti adziwe onse danga lonse nyanja. Amene akuchita bwino mu madzi, mudzafa nyanja. Ndi mosemphanitsa. Kuyambira lamulo limeneli pali kuchotserapo. Mwachitsanzo, aliyense amadziwa kuti nsomba mwangwiro amakhala ku madzi amchere, ndi wachulukitsa m'mitsinje. Ndiko kuti, ndi diadromous - angakhale mu malo aliwonse. ngati kumwa nsomba madzi Pankhaniyi zimadalira chikhalidwe cha madzi ozungulira. Iwo amaona thupi, mu malangizo otani anasamukira ndondomeko, ndi vuto la kusowa, kuyamba kudya madzi. ziwalo zawo mkati msanga anamangidwanso ndi Lachitatu. Mwachitsanzo, diadromous nsomba, mawu akuti Shad, Nsombazi, ndi zina nsomba zina. Malingana ngati iwo kusamba m'nyanja - kumwa komanso anthu ake onse. Pamene anatuma kwa zimaswana, makutu awo mwamsanga atengere chilengedwe. Choncho, siumafa kupita mu madzi ndi ndende ya mchere. The ndondomeko n'zosiyana ndi mu thupi la mwachangu pamene iwo atsika mu malo awo achilengedwe - nyanja.

ndi chidwi

Asayansi apeza inanso wokhalamo, wokhoza zonse muyezo madzi mu njira yoyamba. Chule cynomolgus - apeza amphibian - ndi njira lachilendo la moyo. Iye amakhala mu nyanja, koma kawetedwe mu mapangidwe madzi oyera. Kodi izi ndi zotheka? Kuti tichite zimenezi, chikhalidwe anatulukira njira yapadera. Pofuna ifa, akhoza kusintha mlingo wa urea m'magazi. Kusambira m'nyanja - izo amasonkhana. Nkhana kuti zimaswana - kamakhala kuchotsa urea. A achule kakang'ono, pamene iwo amakula, nayenso, kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi kuti amayenda pakati m'mayiwe. Awa ndi zodabwitsa za chilengedwe!

Iwo likukhalira kuti Yankho losavuta la funso ngati kumwa, sikutheka nsomba. Kumene, iwo, monga ena alionse zamoyo, muyenera chinyezi. Iwo amangotorapo m'njira zawo, mogwirizana ndi njira zachilengedwe.