Woyambira selo khansa ya pakhungu: Zizindikiro, Matendawa, Chithandizo

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, khansa nthawi zambiri chifukwa chachikulu cha mlingo mkulu imfa mwa anthu. maselo a khansa zingakhudze mwamtheradi minofu mu thupi la munthu, kuchititsa zosiyanasiyana njira pathological. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zimene tingachite woyambira selo khansa ya pakhungu, chimene chimachititsa izo ndi tingakambe kudzachiritsidwa matenda.

Kodi mtundu wa khansa

Mtundu wa khansa amatchedwanso kwatuluka chiphuphu chakhansa. Nthawi zambiri akufotokozera pa nkhope khosi kapena mphuno. Izo wakonda kukapha anthu wamwamuna zaka zoposa 40 zapitazo. Iwo anaona kuti anthu a mtundu Mongoloid ndi Negro si atengeke izi khansa.

Dzina "woyambira selo carcinoma" amachokera ku chakuti maselo a khansa kuyamba kukula kwa wosanjikiza woyambira wa khungu, limene lili chozama kwambiri.

Chimayambitsa khansa ya pakhungu

Pakali pano izo sanabadwe kwathunthu kuthetsedwa nkhani ya histogenesis (anapereka njira zikubweretsa mapangidwe a) matendawa. Ambiri ali ndi maganizo kuti woyambira khansa ya pakhungu khungu akufotokozera ku maselo zaminyewa pluripotent. Zosiyanasiyana kumachitika mu madera osiyana. Pano pali zifukwa, malinga ndi zimene akatswiri ambiri, imfayo chitukuko cha kudwala izi:

• Majini chingawapangitse kukhala zidakwa.
• Kuvutika mu chitetezo cha m'thupi.
• kukhudzana kunja kwa zinthu chowawa.
• Development motsutsa likhale keratosis actinic, radiodermatita, lupus, psoriasis.

Woyambira selo carcinoma wa khungu (chithunzi limasonyeza kuti) limapezeka nthawi zambiri mu khungu ndi follicles tsitsi. Umakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo kawirikawiri metastasizes. Madokotala ena kuganizira Bazalii sindimakonda khansa kapena chosaopsa zotupa, ndi kukula chotupa ndi mestnodestruktivnym.

Nthawi zambiri mchikakamizo cha carcinogens amphamvu, monga X-ray, woyambira khansa ya pakhungu khungu kwasanduka Karz.

provocateurs wa carcinoma woyambira selo

zinthu chiopsezo cha matenda zambiri:

1. The aakulu kwambiri ndi provocateur ultraviolet walitsa.
2. Male jenda. Iwo anaona kuti oimira ake kwambiri osatetezeka ku matenda.
3. Pamaso pa khungu kuwala. Anapeza kuti anthu ndi mdima khungu sikuti amadwala matenda.
4. Khalidwe la khungu kuchezerana n'komwe.
5. Ntchito dzuwa lotseguka kwa nthawi yaitali. Pamene akuyandikira equator ya pafupipafupi ukuwonjezeka matenda. Nthawi zambiri kukhala woyambira selo carcinoma wa khungu kapena khosi.
6. A ndende yaikulu ya Arsenic mu madzi akumwa. Amene amayenera kugwira ntchito ndi nkhaniyi, ali pa chiopsezo.
7. Polycyclic onunkhira resins komanso zikhoza chitukuko cha matenda. Iwo akhoza ali khala phula, shale, wakuda.
8. ntchito yaitali immunosuppressants.
9. Ena tinatengera matenda, monga alubino ndi xeroderma pigmentosum.
10. zilonda aakulu.
11. Matenthedwe amayaka.
12. Ionizing cheza.

Anapeza kuti kwambiri dzuwa kukhudzana (kukhudzana ndi dzuwa) paubwana zimene pambuyo kuyambitsa chimene chidzasintha carcinoma hepatocellular.

gulu la carcinoma woyambira selo

Ngati tikulingalira histology, kudwala izi zimagawidwa monga khansa undifferentiated ndi kusiyanitsidwa. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo:

• olimba basalts;
• pigment;
• morfeapodobnuyu;
• pamwamba.

Kusiyanitsidwa ogaŵikana:

• keratoticheskuyu basalts;
• enaake;
• adenoidnuju.

Malinga ndi gulu lonse, pali mungachite izi kwa khansa ya pakhungu:

1. Olimba woyambira selo carcinoma. Izi mawonekedwe limapezeka nthawi zambiri ndipo umaimira chingwe ndi maselo, zomwe zili chogwiritsira. maselo Basaloid pa nthawi yomweyo alibe omveka bwino pakati, iwo akhoza kukhala ndi kusintha osachiritsika ndipo cavities enaake.
2. Inki kwatuluka chiphuphu chakhansa wa khungu (chithunzi inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani) amakhala ndi mtundu akakufunsani chifukwa zili melanin.
3. khansa zachiphamaso zambiri ndipamene foci angapo. Kuyambiranso angayambe pambuyo mankhwala malire chilonda.
4. Sklerodermopodobny amakhala ndi chitukuko amphamvu minofu connective, amene, monga ngati ophatikizidwa mwawo woyambira maselo zaminyewa. Iwo amatha kulowa mkati mwakuya, mpaka minofu subcutaneous.
5. Zilonda chotupa ndi zosiyanasiyana glandular umatchedwanso adenoid. Ndi wolemekezeka osati pamaso pa malo aakulu, koma yopapatiza chingwe zaminyewa, zomwe zigwirizana mizere angapo maselo n'kupanga alveolar kapena tubular dongosolo.
6. Woyambira selo carcinoma wa khungu la tsaya bwino ndi tsiloidnoy zosiyanasiyana. Amakhala ndi zotupa cornified ndi malo amene amacheza ndi maselo ofanana prickly.
7. Cancer ndi zosiyanasiyana sebaceous ali osowa.
8. Fibroepithelial mtundu - ndi mtundu chosowa kwambiri kwa carcinoma woyambira selo. Bwinobwino kufalitsidwa mu dera lumbar ndi sacrum. Kukomoka amakhala ngati fibropapillomu.

Mitundu ya carcinoma woyambira selo mtundu kuwonetsera

Pali gulu la matenda ndi mtundu wa kudzionetsera. Pali mitundu zotsatirazi kuti:

1. Nodular woyambira selo carcinoma, chironda chachikulu. Taganizirani izi woyambira khansa ya pakhungu khungu. Koyamba siteji (chithunzi amatsimikizira) ndi mfundo yodziwika ndi maonekedwe pa lids, mu ngodya m'kamwa. Khungu padziko pinki kapena pabuka mtundu ndi matte kapena pamwamba glossy. Patapita nthawi mfundo ndi n'kukhala chamtunduwu ndi kukhudza aliwonse. Patapita nthawi, zikuoneka padziko gululi mtima, zilonda yokutidwa ndi kutumphuka, ndipo m'mbali anapanga chisindikizo. Pang'ono ndi chilonda ayamba kutuluka magazi ndi kukula mu zigawo zakuya khungu, koma musati kupanga metastases.
2. Ngati pakati pa chilonda zarubtsovyvaetsya, ndi m'mbali mwa kukula akupitiriza, tikulankhula za atrophic cicatricial carcinoma woyambira selo.
3. Perforating kwatuluka chiphuphu chakhansa akufotokozera zambiri m'madera amene kawirikawiri poyera kuti choipa. zofanana kwambiri ndi nodular-anam'peza mawonekedwe, koma akufotokozera mlingo wapamwamba.
4. Warty khansa mu maonekedwe awo akufanana kolifulawa.
5. Nodular mtundu - ndi nodule aliwonse amene akufotokozera oposa ndi mutuluka pamwamba pa khungu.

Pokhapokha kudzayesedwa ndi mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa matenda, adokotala kudziwa mmene tiyenera kuchitira woyambira. About kudzilungamitsa mankhwala, sangathe kukhala.

symptomatology matendawa

Nthawi zambiri, ngati pali woyambira selo carcinoma wa khungu, siteji koyamba (chithunzi umboni) chikuchitika kwathunthu popanda zizindikiro. Nthawi zina, pakhoza kukhala magazi.

Odwala angadandaule kuti khungu anaonekera ndi chilonda laling'ono, limene pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezera kukula, koma ndi sabweretsa chisoni mwamtheradi, nthawi zina itch.

Kwatuluka chiphuphu chakhansa matenda mawonetseredwe zimadalira mawonekedwe a chotupa ndi malo ake. Ambiri ndi nodular kwatuluka chiphuphu chakhansa. Ndi hemispherical msonkhano ndi yosalala pamwamba pinki mtundu pakati pa zomwe ndi recess yaing'ono. Mfundo limakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo akufanana ndi ngale.

Pamene khansa pamwamba mawonekedwe limapezeka zolengeza m'mbali lakuthwa, atawukitsa ceraceous chonyezimira m'mphepete. awiri Imatha ku mamilimita 1 mpaka 30. Chimakula pang'onopang'ono.

Ngati woyambira selo carcinoma wa mawonekedwe khungu chilonda, izo zikuwoneka ngati lathyathyathya chilonda grayish-pinki, pang'ono indented mu khungu. M'mbali awukitsidwa ndi ngale mthunzi. M'malire pali kukokoloka kwa maphunziro yokutidwa ndi pinki-bulauni kutumphuka. Pa mawonekedwe a khansa pali nthawi chogwidwa ndi amamuyambitsa timabala komanso kukokoloka kwa nthaka pang'ono kwambiri kapena osakhala sakupezeka.

Zilonda mawonekedwe kwatuluka chiphuphu chakhansa yodziwika ndi chiwonongeko cha zimakhala zofewa ndi mafupa omwe kufupi ndi chotupa cha. Zilonda ali zoumbika mosiyanasiyana, pansi awo aphimbidwa ndi kutumphuka wa imvi wakuda mtundu, kaŵirikaŵiri analeredwa, ndipo anakweza m'mbali.

Mwa njira, iwo akumana ndi woyambira khansa ya pakhungu khungu mu amphaka (yaikulu angapo). Pa thupi la nyama pa nthawi yomweyo iwe ukhoza kuwona zambiri basaliomas, kupatula pali mavuto a m'maganizo zimene zimasonyeza makhalidwe osayenera, kupatula osauka chigoba kudwala. mtundu wa khansa amakhala ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono, kuya kwa chotupa ndi chiopsezo muyambirenso kudzadalira kukula kwake, malo, makhalidwe selo, boma la chitetezo chokwanira.

Anthu, kuopsa kwambiri ndi woyambira khansa ya pakhungu khungu. Chithandizo Pankhaniyi kuti m'malo kobvuta. Kudwala nthawi isanafalikire pa nkhope, khungu kuzungulira maso ndi mphuno.

Skleropodobnaya mawonekedwe basalioma komanso zikhoza kuwononga kwambiri kwa anthu. Koma inki woyambira khansa ya pakhungu khungu ali ndi madokotala ananena zawo zabwino. mawonekedwe chithandizo akaganizira lokha bwino.

Kodi ndingatani kuti matenda ndi

Kuti apange matenda molondola, ndi zina zokwanira anakumana kuyang'ana pa wodwala. Matenda mawonetseredwe a mtundu wa khansa ndi khalidwe ndithu ndi mavuto matenda chiyani osadzuka. Padziko, nthawi zambiri dokotala detects limodzi kapena angapo foci mikroerozy amene ❖ kuyanika pamwamba mosavuta detachable peel.

Odwala nthawi zambiri pamene detects mavuto kuchizidwa dermatologist, koma chithandizo mu nkhani iyi ayenera kulimbana ndi oncologist lapansi. Tikaona ndi kuipitsa mbiri skarifikat ndi malo erosive, ndi pafupifupi 100% milandu ntchito kutsimikiza matenda.

Ngati mayeso cytological ndi histological chifukwa kukayika kulikonse, wodwala achite biopsy kwa mwanabele.

Nkofunika kusiyanitsa matenda a lupus woyambira, khansa, psoriasis kapena keratosis. Pambuyo mayeso onse ngati matenda zikutsimikiziridwa, dokotala amasankha mankhwala ndi mosamalitsa payekha. Mu matenda palibe mankhwala ofanana odwala onse ankachitira.

kudwala mankhwala

Pambuyo matenda anatsimikizira za "woyambira selo khansa ya pakhungu", mankhwala ayenera kuyamba pomwepo. The zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito zolimbana ndi kudwala izi:

• electrocoagulation ndi curettage;
• cryotherapy;
• cheza mankhwala;
• Moz njira yomwe imakhala mu excising zotupa ndi intraoperative wamamamayikirosikopu la magawo mazira yopingasa kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ntchito adzaimira.

Kusankha njira mankhwala zikudalira pa malo a chotupa cha, kukula kwake, mbali ndi udindo watsopano wa wodwalayo. Dermatologists zambiri ankakonda pa chiyambi cha mankhwala ntchito electrocoagulation. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti njira ya mankhwala othandiza ngati pali zotupa zazing'ono, ndipo zili mu malo sanali woopsawo.

Ngati mukufuna Kupenda histological, izo agwiritsa ntchito njira excision. Nthawi zambiri ntchito mu kukhalapo kwa zotupa ndi njira zilonda ndipo anaikidwa malo oopsa, monga pa nkhope kapena mutu. Ndi n'zotheka kupeza zabwino zodzikongoletsera chifukwa.

Cheza mankhwala pamaso pa carcinoma woyambira selo sikawirikawiri ntchito, koma ngati opaleshoni sizotheka, ndiye chabe irreplaceable. Madokotala amavomereza kuti othandiza. Popanda kukhudzana sangakhoze kuchita, ndi digiri yapamwamba ya chotupa chija. Iwo ayenera kukhala osamala cheza mankhwala odwala wamng'ono monga chiopsezo osauka cheza chovutika dermatitis ndi zotupa zilonda.

Ngati tikambirana njira Mosa timatha inu kusunga minofu wathanzi. Njira imeneyi ndi mogwira zotupa kobwereza, chachikulu ndi malo woopsawo. Ngati muli ndi excision wa chikope, izo zikuchita njira mankhwala.

Ngati kansa yotupa pakhungu anapanga ndithu posachedwapa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito pafupi-cholinga X-ray mankhwala. Zikavuta izo pamodzi opaleshoni.

Ponseponse chotupa cryoablation ndondomeko, i.e. kuchotsa ake ndi asafe. njirayi zimatenga nthawi pang'ono ndipo sabweretsa chisoni kwambiri wodwalayo. Pali Komabe, drawback chimodzi: chifukwa abwino zopezera pokhapokha ngati chotupa ndi ili chabe ndi sikumangotikhudza zigawo zambiri ya pakhungu.

Pamene malo carcinoma woyambira khungu pa nkhope zambiri amachita kuchotsa ake ndi laser. Ndi otetezeka ndipo sabweretsa chisoni, pambuyo phukusi, kawirikawiri konzanso yochepa ndi zotsatira zabwino zodzikongoletsera.

Ngati pali woyambira selo carcinoma a mtundu pamwamba, Kwalamulidwa apakhungu chithandizo kirimu "Fluorouracil". Posachedwapa imachitika kafukufuku pa mphamvu ya jekeseni izi mankhwala mu chotupa cha. Ngati khansayo ndi pakhungu zikuoneka nthawi yoyamba ndipo ali ndi malo ochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni interferon.

Opaleshoni chithandizo cha carcinoma woyambira selo

Opaleshoni kuchotsa carcinoma woyambira selo efficiently mu gawo loyamba la mankhwala. Ndipo ngati pali kusuta, kapena chotupa chitukuko limapezeka pa malo kwa chilonda. Pa ntchito ndi chotupa linamasuka, koma njira ya mankhwala ndi osafunika ntchito ngati pali zotupa pa nkhope.

opaleshoni imagwiridwa pansi mankhwala oletsa ululu pamalopo, chotupacho atachotsedwa kumalire ndi maselo thanzi kwa kudalirika ngakhale pang'ono wokhudza.

Zotsatira za woyambira selo khansa ya pakhungu

Mitundu ya khansa ya pakhungu, pali angapo, ndipo malingana ndi ili, zoona ndi madokotala ananena zawo za pathologies angakhalenso osiyana. Ngati ife kulankhula za zotsatira za carcinoma woyambira selo, m'pofunika kuganizira chotupa limakhudza dongosolo yaying'ono, likulowerera mkati ndipo kawirikawiri zimakhudza lymph mfundo.

Koma ngati kuthamanga ndi khansa mu mutu ndi khosi, ndondomeko chiwonongeko cha zimakhala mbali iyi ya thupi limayamba. Chimakhudza ngakhale kuti mafupa, minofu ndi tendons.

Mitundu yonse ya khansa ya pakhungu kwambiri cosmetically zosasangalatsa pang'onopang'ono lochita. Koma iye, kuphatikizapo sitepe matenthedwe akhoza kugonja kwa opaleshoni. Choncho, ngati dokotala anu kuchitira akuonetsa opaleshoni, usaope, tiyenera kugwirizana. Ngakhale ugliness ake, mtundu anafotokoza za khansa ya pakhungu amapereka kwa odwala mwayi kuti achire ngakhale Zikavuta kwambiri.

zodzitetezera

Amene anakumanapo ndi woyambira khansa ya pakhungu khungu, ayenera kumwedwa ndi bwino kwambiri kupewa kumwa. Pambuyo mankhwala, kwatuluka chiphuphu chakhansa ayenera kutsatira malangizo onse dokotala:

• M'nthawi ya ntchito dzuwa, ndiko m'chilimwe, ndikofunikira kuti apewe kulumidwa ndi msewu ndi maola 11 mpaka 17. Pa nthawi imeneyi, ultraviolet poizoniyu kwambiri mwamakani, choncho m'pofunika kupewa zotsatira zake. Ngati pali kufunika kupita, m'pofunika kutsatira khungu wapadera sunscreen ndi ntchito zipewa ndi magalasi.
• Popanda kudya zakudya zopatsa nthanzi n'zosatheka kukhala mphamvu yoteteza thupi lanu pa mlingo woyenera. M'pofunika kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mapuloteni nyama, n'zotheka m'malo mbewu, chifukwa mtedza Mwachitsanzo, nyemba.
• The zakudya ayenera zamasamba ndi zipatso.
• Ngati zipsera khungu ndinu achikulire, m'pofunika amayesetsa kupewa choipa awo.
• zilonda zonse ndi zilonda za pakhungu ayenera kuchitiridwa m'nthawi yake. Ngati iwo amakhala kuchiritsa bwino, muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala.
• Ngati ntchito yanu kumafuna kukhudzana ndi mafuta, ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri kuti nthawi zonse ntchito chitetezo.

Khansa ya mawonekedwe aliyense ndi mtundu ndi matenda oopsa. Ndi bwino kulola chitukuko, koma si nthawi zonse mu mphamvu zathu. Ngati ngakhale izi zimachitika, simuyenera kuleka kukonzekera nyengo yoipa kwambiri. Masiku ano mankhwala apita patsogolo kwambiri, ndipo nthawizina pali zozizwitsa mu Zikavuta kwambiri.

Mosamala za thanzi lanu, ndiyeno zonse zidzakhala bwino.