VAZ 2110: kubwezeretsedwa kwazitsulo

Pa opaleshoni, injini imapanga kutentha kwakukulu. Pankhaniyi, mapangidwe a galimoto amapereka dongosolo lozizira. Amaperekanso kutenthedwa m'nyumba yosungiramo nyumba m'nyengo yozizira. Kawirikawiri abambo amaiwala za kukonzanso kwake. Madzi oterewa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi amafunika kubwezeretsedwa. Posachedwapa, nkhani yogwiritsira ntchito malonda a ku Russia (mwachitsanzo, kubwezeretsedwa kwa chidziwitso cha VAZ-2110) chafotokozedwa. Ena amati ndi zoipa. Ena amanena kuti kubisalako kuli bwino kuposa china chilichonse ndipo Tosol ndi zaka zapitazo. Kodi ndi choncho? Tiyeni tiyesere kumvetsa.

Zizindikiro za zakumwa

Kotero, tiyeni tiyambe ndi tanthauzo. Kodi kutsegula ndi chiyani? Izi ndi madzi ozizira omwe asayansi a Soviet achita m'ma 1970. Ndi iye yemwe adatsanulira yekha mu "Lada" woyamba. Pambuyo pake, choziziracho chinagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu VAZ-2110. Kusintha kwa mankhwala osayenera kunkafunika ndi makina nthawi zambiri - kamodzi kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri. Koma kudziletsa kumakhala ndi chitsimikizo choposa. Ngakhale mapangidwe onse a zakumwa ndi ofanana. Iwo amachokera ku ethylene glycol. Komanso, poyamba OJ sichikuda mtundu uliwonse. M'tsogolo, wopanga akuwonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera:

• Antifoam. Kuonetsetsa kuti kachitidwe kamene kamapanga mpweya ndipo sichichepetsa kutentha.
• Zosakaniza. M'kupita kwa nthawi, zigawo za dongosololi zimatha dzimbiri. Dothi la dothi limatseka njira zing'onozing'ono ndikuletsa kusamba kwabwino kwa madzi. Komanso, zowonjezera zimenezi zimatchedwa corrosion inhibitors.

Ndiponso, madziwo ali ndi kuwonjezeka kwa descaling. Nthawi zambiri madzi akamatentha amapanga chovala choyera pamakoma. Izi zimapweteka kwambiri kutentha kwa madzi. Zotsatira zake, makina amatha kutenthedwa ngakhale pamene mafani ake ali. Madzi ozizira ataphika, ndiye kutentha kwa osachepera 105 digiri Celsius ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo sizimatulutsa chikwangwani chilichonse.

Ndichifukwa chiyani ndiyenera kusinthana ndi zovuta?

Zamtengo wapatalizi zili ndi ubwino wambiri pa zoweta:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri. Madzi ozizira omwe amapangidwa ku Russia amapanga mpanda wotetezera pamakoma a zitsulo. Pa mbali imodzi, izi ndizophatikiza. Koma mbali inayo, makulidwe a pamwambawa akhoza kufika 0,6 millimita, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kutengeke. Choncho, kutsekemera kumakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi yotentha kwambiri. Chotsanizizira ichi ndi mamitamita 0,0006 popanda kutaya makhalidwe.
• Nthawi yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito. Tosol ikulimbikitsidwa kusintha zaka ziwiri kapena 60,000 makilomita othamanga (omwe ati abwere posachedwa). Antifreeze yapangidwa kwa zaka zisanu ndikugwira ntchito kapena 150,000 makilomita.
• Mzere wambiri wa zowonjezera. Antifreeze ali ndi zowonjezera zamakono zomwe zimapereka kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutaya ndi kuteteza mapangidwe a kutupa. Zowonjezera izi zimachokera ku ziwalo zosakaniza (borates, nitrites, phosphates). Muzitsulo zowonjezera, zitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimataya mwamsanga katundu wawo pochita ntchito.
• Chitetezo cha radiator. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma valve 16 pa VAZ-2110 galimoto kuti mutenge malo obisala, ndi bwino kuganizira zinthu zomwe mpweya wotentha umapangidwira. Ma radidi akhoza kukhala aluminiyumu kapena mkuwa. Chovuta chachikulu cha kutsekemera ndikuti alibe zowonjezera zomwe zingateteze kutentha kwa aluminium kutentha kutentha kwa madigiri 100 ndi pamwamba. Antifreeze ndi wokhulupirika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi radiator zoterezi.
• Kukaniza kutentha ndi kutsika. Tosol imamasula pa -35 ndi zithupsa pa digrii 105. Antifreeze ali ndi makhalidwe apamwamba kwambiri. Choncho, zimakhala zowonjezera -45 ndi zithupsa pa +135. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imatha kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi osungunuka mosavuta popanda kuwonongeka kwa makhalidwe awa. Tosol, pamene imasinthidwa, siigwiranso ntchito m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa imatha kufalitsa kale madigiri -15, omwe ali ndi zotsatirapo.

Wokondedwa

Choncho, taganizira ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Monga mukuonera, ichi ndi chipangizo chopangidwa ndi zamakono zomwe zingathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa VAZ-2110. Chokhachokhacho ndi mtengo. Koma zimalipira kale chaka chachitatu (popeza kuti moyo wautumikiwu ndi 2.5 kuposa wapamwamba kwambiri wa Russian). Momwe mungasinthire chotsitsimutsa pa VAZ-2110 ndi injection ndi carburetor, tidzanena pansipa.

Zida

Choyamba ndikofunikira kukonzekera zida zoyenera ndi zosintha. Timafunikira makiyi (pa 10, 13 ndi 17), komanso ndodo kuti mubweretse madzi. Kuwonjezera apo, konzekerani mphamvu ya malita asanu. Ndikofunika kuti muthe kutsekemera koyambirira. Monga mphamvu, galasi yakale yokhala ndi kanyumba kameneka kapena beseni ndi yoyenera. Pofuna kupewa kudula manja anu, gwiritsani ntchito magolovesi a mphira. Komanso, m'malo mwa VAZ-2110, malo amalowetsedwe. Galimotoyo ndi injection, ziribe kanthu - malangizo ndi ofanana ndi mitundu yonse ya magalimoto.

Kuyamba

Choyamba muyenera kuyika makina pamtunda. Ndizofunika, kuti ndilo dzenje loyang'ana (posakhala kuti timatenga jack). Zomaliza zomwe timazifuna kuti tifike pafupi ndi kukhetsa utomoni. Icho chili muzitsulo zamagetsi, pa pulagi. Kuti muchotse icho, gwiritsani ntchito ratchet ndi mutu "wa 13". Musaiwale kuika beseni pansi pa ndowe, ndowa kapena canister. Kuti muwonjezere kuthamanga kwa madzi, pezani chivundikiro cha pulasitiki pa thanki yowonjezera. Chifukwa cha icho, chotsulo chimatha kupanga dongosolo. Kuwonjezera apo mtsinje wotsitsimula udzawonjezeka. Pambuyo kukhetsa, pukuta mmbuyo chipikacho ndi fungulo. Timatenga goliyo m'manja ndikuiika pamtanda wa tanki yowonjezera. Lembani chotsitsa chotsitsa kuchokera ku doister. Osati kutsanulira mu zigawo zikuluzikulu - kotero dongosolo limatenga mpweya, kukhalapo kwake komwe kuli kosayenera. Pambuyo pofufuza dongosolo la kukhalapo kwa "traffic jams". Kuti muchite izi, sungani chubu ya rabara ya radiator kangapo. Poyamba izo zidzasintha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mpweya umatulukamo. Kuti mukhale ndi zotsatira zabwino, mutha kukweza galimotoyo. Choncho oxygen yonse yosafunikira idzachoka. Tikadzitseka pakhomo ndikuyendetsa galimoto. Pambuyo pa maminiti atatu, yesani ndiyang'anenso mlingo wamadzi. Monga lamulo, mutatha kutenthetsa mbali ina ya tizilomboti timachoka mu thanki. Kotero, ife tikuwonjezera pa chizindikiro pakati pazitali ndi zochepa. Izi zatsirizika bwino kubwezeretsedwa kwa viz-2110 (valve 8). Injector kapena carburetor, ziribe kanthu. Mchitidwewu ndi wofanana ndipo sunasinthe pa "makumi" kwa zaka. Choncho, malangizowa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa VAZ a zaka zosiyana siyana pogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Zotani zokwanira?

Pogwiritsa ntchito VAZ-2110 mmalo mwa kubwezeretsa, kodi makilogalamu ambiri a madzi amatsanuliridwa? Wopanga amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito 7.8 malita a ozizira. Ndilo bukuli lomwe timalephera kufotokozera tanki yowonjezera. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyo kugula zitini ziwiri za makilogalamu asanu, ndikusiya zonse "zokwera mmwamba" (kuti musayese chiwonongeko poyeretsa madzi ndi madzi m'nyengo yozizira).

Malangizo othandiza

Pogwiritsa ntchito galimoto yokhala ndi vAZ-2110 m'malo mwake, ndibwino kufufuza momwe mphutsi ndi mapepala amapita ku radiator ndi tanki yowonjezera. Zizindikiro zofananako za kuvala kwawo ndi:

• Miyala.
• Kudula.
• Kutsika kochepa.

Ngati chitoliro chasweka ndi chovuta kukhudza, ndiye kuti chiyenera kusintha. Komanso ziphuphu zimasintha. Iwo akhoza kugulitsidwa pa sitolo iliyonse yomanga. Maluwa omwe amapita ku tanki ayenera kulimbikitsidwa, monga mu chithunzi pansipa. Zamagetsi zamakono zowonongeka mwamsanga zimakhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kuzitikita. Ngati pali ming'alu pa tani palokha, timasintha n'kukhala yatsopano. Sizongoganizira kuti muyang'ane ndi kutengera. Ngati izo zimapangika pamalo amodzi, ziyenera kusinthidwa. Izi zikhoza kuyang'aniridwa ndi kutentha gawolo mu chokopa cha mbaula. Nchifukwa chiyani ntchitozi zikuyenera kuchitidwa m'malo mwa malo ozizira? Chifukwa ndi ntchito iliyonse yokhudzana ndi kayendedwe kowonongeka, muyenera kutsekanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndipo izi ndizowonongeka kwina kwa nthawi ndi khama.

Kutsiliza

Kotero, ife tinapeza momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito chotsitsimutsa chotsitsimutsa pa galimoto ya VAZ-2110. Chozizira chololedwa chiri ndi makhalidwe apamwamba. Choncho ndizomveka kuzigwiritsira ntchito pamagalimoto akunja, komanso pamagalimoto apakhomo monga "makumi". Pa VAZ-2110, kubwezeretsedwa kwa mankhwalawa kungatheke ndi manja a munthu, popanda othandizira. Zokwanira kukhala ndi zida zosachepera ndi zitsulo zodula madzi akale.