Vanino doko - padoko. Khabarovsk, Vanino

Vanino Port (pa mapu, m'nkhani, mukhoza kuona malo ake) ndi Russian doko la tanthauzo feduro. Iwo lili Khabarovsk Gawo, mu Bay kwambiri Vanina. Iye ndi wachiwiri Russian Far East padoko beseni katundu zolowa - matani oposa 20 miliyoni.

zambiri

Vanino District unakhazikitsidwa ngati yoyenda yokha Kupititsa wagawo mu Khabarovsk Gawo mu 1973 malinga ndi lamulo la Presidium za Supreme Soviet. Iye anatenga gawo kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa chigawo Soviet-Havana, amene anali kale gawo la Primorsky Gawo. Kodi prerequisites akhala kuti ngati utsogoleri wagawo osiyana? Zimenezi zalongosoledwa ndi kwafalikira zachuma a dera ili mu makumi asanu ndi awiri oyambirira a atumwi wotsiriza. Chinthu chimodzi chimene chinapangitsa anali doko la Vanino. Kale mu 1983 voliyumu ya akuchitira katundu anafika matani zosakwana naini miliyoni. Katundu lonse anagwa pa doko la Vanino (chithunzi anapatsidwa m'nkhani) ndi sitima zolumikizanazo. Poyerekeza ndi chaka 1973 voliyumu ya akuchitira katundu kawiri. noticeable kusintha zachitika nkhuni ndi matabwa makampani. Choncho, ndi kutumidwa wa makampani omanga Tumniniskogo Koshinsky LESOKOMBINAT okwana kukolola anafika kiyubiki mamita miliyoni pa chaka. Vanino Port, komanso sanali kwanthawi kumbuyo ndi mowirikiza akupangidwa kuno anatsegula yake okonzeka boti ndi chidebe osachiritsika. Ndipo ndi kumalizidwa kwa njanji (Baikal-Amur), Russia amapereka njira yodalirika ya Pacific Ocean. Vanino doko wobwezera kum'mawa chipata cha dziko lathu.

kulankhulana

doko ndi boti ankawoloka sitima amatumikira yobereka katundu m'madera angapo cabotage: Sakhalin, Arctic, Magadan, Kamchatka, Vladivostok, kusuta ndi madoko ena a nyanja ya Okhotsk. Komanso, apa zoyendera katundu ku Asia Pacific (China, Korea, Japan ndi ena), ndi United States, Australia, Canada, India ndi N. Vanino doko zotero. Mwa mawu a mayendedwe katundu pakati pamwamba madoko khumi a dziko lathu.

zokopa alendo

Vanino chigawo akulonjeza osati mawu a zomangamanga zoyendera. Dera limeneli ndi chidwi pamaso pa chitukuko cha mafakitale zokopa alendo. Wokongola kwa alendo zosiyanasiyana zokopa, wolemera chikhalidwe cha deralo, chikhalidwe ndi miyambo ya anthu ameneŵa. Komanso, pali gwero la madzi matenthedwe radon - Tumninsky "Hot mfungulo". Iwo ikakha- wapadera - chigwa wokongola wa Chope mtsinje.

Chigawo ali zotsatirazi kutetezedwa m'madera: nkhokwe kwachilengedwenso (Mopan ndi Tumninsky) rybhozyaystvennye nkhokwe (Tumninsky ndi Khutinsky), chipilala zachilengedwe tanthauzo dera ( "Stone Grove").

Mchere ndi mobisa madzi

The National Park "Hot Ofunika" lili North ndi Tumninsky forestries. Malowa ali pamtunda wa makilomita khumi kuchokera Tumin siteshoni, amene ali pa mzere Vanino-Khabarovsk. Kutalika mtheradi dera la mamita 280 pamwamba pa nyanja. Pa khalidwe zizindikiro gwero (madzi kutentha + 41 madigiri Celsius) ali pafupi ndi madzi matenthedwe adasonkhananso "Belokurikha".

Kukuteteza boma

Malinga ndi lamulo la mutu wa Khabarovsk Krai Administration pa 20yanvarya 1997 chiwerengero 7 "Pa m'madera mwapadera kulondera wachibadwa wa Khabarovsk Gawo" mu mndandanda wa zinthu otetezedwa zofunika m'dera kutchulidwa Toki Island, limene lili mu Chitata Khwalala. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pali rookery la zisindikizo. Chimakopa kwambiri la alendo kaso pinnipeds izi.

Osaphatikiza nsomba refuges wa malamba kuteteza nkhalango pa gombe awo, malo onse a m'madera choletsedwa m'dera kuposa mahekala 215.000. Pali malo apadera ndi zomera wosanganiza ya kumpoto, kum'mawa, ndi kumadzulo, akale komanso amasiku ano. Mmodzi malo oterowo ndi dziwe Tumin Mtsinje. Pano mukhoza kupeza wapadera mitunda miyala, meadows ndi osowa ndi zosowa zomera, mitsinje chidwi ndi derali.

pakati chigawo

Vanino ndi likulu ndi anthu pafupi anthu zikwi makumi awiri. Iwo anatuluka pa malo Oroch msasa. M'mudzi pali likulu la chikhalidwe chawo, mahotela awiri ndi zipatala awiri, zopezera odyera, malo omwera ndi masitolo. The Vanino ali yake luso gallery, kusindikiza teleretranslyator, zakale, opangidwa manyuzipepala awiri, ukugwira m'deralo wailesi ndi televizioni, masukulu anai, ntchito luso sukulu, sukulu luso ndi koleji. Lero malo chigawo ndi doko ali Integrated - sangaonekerenso popanda mzake.

A mwachidule mbiri

Vanino Bay anatsegula mu May 1853, a Amur ulendo. Mu nthawi ya zaka kuyambira 1854 mpaka 1901 derali anaphunzira asayansi osiyanasiyana Russian. Dzina la Bay adalandira mu 1878 polemekeza mapu Vanina V. K. Mbiri ya Gawo ali wolemera zosiyanasiyana kusinthika. Choyamba, padali kugawanikana Far Republic mu chigawo osiyana, ndiyeno anayima ku Primorye Soviet-Oroch m'dera wokhazikika pa Ayenela orochiy, ndiye wina magawano ndi ziŵalo, chifukwa amene anapanga Vaninskii ndi Soviet-Havana malo.

mudziwe Hrs

chigawo Vanino lili kum'mawa kwa Khabarovsk Gawo. Iwo ali m'dera pakati pa 141 ndi 138,5 madigiri longitude kum'mawa, ndi 49 ndi madigiri 51 kumpoto kumpoto. Iwo ili pa magombe a pa Chitata Khwalala, apa, ndi doko la Vanino. Malo okwana ndi 25 zikwi makilomita lalikulu. Kum'mawa amathamanga malire pamodzi alumali wa Chitata Khwalala ndi kumadzulo - chapakati Sikhote-Alin zosiyanasiyana. Kum'mwera izo malire ndi Soviet-chigawo cha Havana, ndi kumpoto - Ulch. M'dera la m'gawo lake mofanana ndi mayiko monga Israel, Belgium ndi Albania. The nyengo Vanino chigawo chakum'mawa amakhala ndi chinyezi mkulu, kawirikawiri chifunga m'chilimwe ndi youma m'nyengo yozizira. Mvula pachaka ndi 700mm, 75% ya iwo mvula ndi chipale chofewa 25%. Wapakati mpweya kutentha ndi madigiri 22, ambiri January kutentha - opanda madigiri 27.

Nature ndi Natural Resources

The mtsinje ndi nyanja madzi a m'deralo, malo okwana makilomita lalikulu 22,000 zimapezeka mitundu ina ya nsomba monga nsomba zazikuluzikuluzi duwa, fulonda, pollock, hering'i, smelt, mullet, Grayling, gale-, Dolly Varden gale-, mumapezeka nsomba, kumdzha. Komanso, pali kulankhulana nsomba: SIM, pinki ndi chum nsomba. Chigawo mitsinje khumi, yaikulu ndi Hugu (m'litali ndi makilomita 230) ndipo Tumnin (kutalika makilomita 400).

The zomera m'derali wolemera ndi osiyanasiyana. Choncho, mu nkhalango Vanino District mwachizolowezi ndi zomwe zili mbalame ndi chilombo nyama mphalapala, mphalapala, zimbalangondo, nguluwe, agologolo, akalulu sable, otuwira grouse, capercaillie. Olemera nkhalango m'deralo ndi zipatso, pano limakula cranberries, blueberries, mabulosi akuda, honeysuckle. Komanso, ambiri a bowa ndi mitengo ya paini.

Forest chuma cha distilikiti ndi zofunika kwambiri chigawo chimodzi cha chuma chake. Adzaupereka kwa multiwood madera mahekitala 2.5 miliyoni ya m'minda nkhalango. nkhokwe matabwa akuti pa kiyubiki mamita miliyoni 224,8.