Tuberous begonias: kafalitsidwe ndi cuttings mu madzi

Begonia Chimakopa wamaluwa kwambiri kukongoletsa, kuleza maluwa, komanso kuthekera kukula mu zakutchire ndi m'nyumba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri mmakonde malo ndipo loggias, chokongoletsedwa ndi phangalo waukulu nyumbayi, anabzala mu makama maluwa okongoletsedwa ndi pergolas.

No zochepa chidwi amayang'ana duwa nyumba ya, ndipo ndi oyenera mkati iliyonse. Kuchuluka kwa akalumikidzidwa ndi mitundu ya begonias kuti akhala bwinobwino pamodzi ndi zomera zina, ndi zodabwitsa chabe.

Kufotokozera za zomera

Wokonda ndi connoisseur zomera zosowa, ndi French intendant Michel Bégon pamene bungwe botanical Maulendo ku Caribbean, sanathe n'komwe kuti dzina lake kupyola mu mibadwo tidzakhala anthu odziwika padziko lonse. Pa maulendowa mmonke Charles Plumier anatulukira zomera wosadziwika, amene ananena ndi dzina lake mu 1687 ulemu chifukwa cha woyang'anira woyera ake - begonias. Ndi kwa nthawi anayamba kulima mitundu yatsopano ndi wokongola kwambiri.

mitundu Tuberous begonia ankagwidwa mu zaka za m'ma XIX, amene anali ngati kutsogolera kwa chitukuko cha mwakusakaniza. Chifukwa ndi gulu la zomera, ukufalikira maluwa modabwitsa wokongola. Palibe gulu la begonias, iwo akhoza salembedwa m'magulu potengera maonekedwe ndi mizu.

M'mikhalidwe zachilengedwe, begonias kukula mu South America, Africa ndi Asia. Iwo zafala kwambiri m'mayiko otentha ndi madera awo rainforest kapena subtropical nyengo m'madera a mapiri.

Begonia tuber - chomera osatha, kawirikawiri herbaceous, koma nthawi zina pamakhala dereveneyuschie zitsamba. Chomera ali ndi minofu, chilili kapena recumbent, ndi mfundo kutchulidwa mapulaniwo. Chimakhudza kutalika pakati pa masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi.

Yowutsa mudyo ndipo m'malo lalikulu masamba anakonza alternately pa tsinde ndi Kawirikawiri mtima woboola pakati mawonekedwe. Begonia ali ndi zovuta inflorescence paniculate ndi maluwa dioecious. hybrids osiyanasiyana mwina yosavuta kapena Terry masamba ambiri openable. maluwa a mumtundu: achikasu, oyera, wofiira, zosiyanasiyana mithunzi, ndi akuda kapena malire.

The mizu ya zomera ndi ofooka, zachiphamaso, choncho tcheru kwambiri ndi khalidwe la nthaka ndi madzi okwanira. Begonia tuber mitundu kukhala kusinthidwa mphukira, amene akutumikira mu gwero michere nyengo yopuma. Ngakhale kuti maluwa okongola ambiri mu dziko lathu, alimi novice sindikudziwa momwe izo imabereka.

Begonia akhoza kukhala wamkulu kwa mbewu. Koma njira imeneyi si zovuta ndi yaitali. Mofulumira kwambiri inu angayamikire wake wapamwamba maluwa begonia tuber, zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings. Pali njira zambiri mofulumira mizu cuttings. Izi ndi zimene ife kufotokoza pansipa.

cuttings kubalana begonia kunyumba

Kwambiri kafalitsidwe chuma akhoza kuwapeza mphukira pamwamba, truncated ndi masentimita 8-10. Uliwonse chogwirira ayenera kukhala impso ziwiri. Mwa njira, begonia kafalitsidwe tsinde cuttings - njira ambiri ndi otchuka pakati wamaluwa. Iye si nthawi yambiri, musati amafuna ngakhale novice zofufuzafufuza zomera luso.

Cuttings lofotokozabe katundu onse a mbewu kholo. Choncho n'zotheka kusiyanitsa zosonkhanitsira wake wa mitundu yosowa kwambiri, umene uli mu shopu Sizotheka kugula. Chiwerengero cha cuttings rooting ndi mkulu. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya begonias bwinobwino zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings tsinde. Koma ambiri Chofunika kwa wamaluwa ambiri ankachita masewera - maluwa kukuwonekera mwamsanga tichotseretu.

kuphika cuttings

Asanayambe kugwira kubalana begonia cuttings (chithunzi mukhoza kuona m'nkhani ino), ayenera kuti molondola akonze zinthu kubzala. Muyenera cuttings wamphamvu ndi wathanzi salinso kuposa masentimita 12. Pa pempho la mwini zomera akhoza kudula phesi lonse, kapena pamwamba ake.

Odulidwa zizichitidwa pansi pa mfundo (malo pa tsinde umene masamba kukula). mapesi kokha muyenera lumo kapena mpeni wakuthwa. Lumo, ngakhale yovuta kwambiri, nayenso kutsina tsinde, kutsekereza mwayi zakudya ndi madzi maselo. Kuti kumezanitsa anali akwaniritsa ndi chinyezi, tiyenera kudula pa makona pachimake. Pankhaniyi, malo odulidwa ndi kuchuluka.

Desirably, kutalika si masentimita zosakwana awiri. Kuyambira ndalamazo zimatengera pa mizu. Ngati mukufuna kuti ena maluwa, phesi akhoza kugawidwa mu magawo angapo. Pa aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala impso ziwiri. Ndi kudula kuchotsa maluwa, masamba ndi masamba. Mukhoza kusiya tsamba limodzi kapena awiri pamwamba.

Masamba waukulu tadulidwa ndi theka. Masamba, maluwa ndi masamba awo achotsedwa kotero kuti iwo unachotsedwa timadziti zomera ndi saletsa ndi izo kukhala. Mosiyana begonias vechnotsvetuschey, kafalitsidwe ndi cuttings amene amapereka zotsatira zabwino, zomera tuberous ndi nthawi zina zokhudza thupi. Ndi kuchepetsa masana masamba awo akamwalira. Ndi kuwonjezeka mu kutalika kwa maola masana tubers mobisa kupereka mphukira zatsopano, zomwe angathe kutumikira monga chuma kubzala.

Kodi kukonzekera cuttings kuchulukitsa?

Florists kunena mwachilungamo undemanding chomera tuberous begonia. Wofalitsa ndi cuttings mu madzi ndi zambiri si vuto, ngati kumvera malamulo. Pamaso kutsitsa cuttings mu madzi, kuchitira ndi ogalamutsa kukula, amenenso kuteteza mbewu ku matenda ( "Humisol-H", "zircon"). Izi kuwonjezera mwayi wakuti tichotseretu, makamaka pamene ntchito ngati kudula ochepa lotereli tsinde.

Zinthu zimenezi kumathandiza ndondomeko lawola izo. Pamene ntchito kukula ochirikiza, ntchito kokha galasi, zadothi kapena enamel mbale. formulations izi amatuluka mu mawonekedwe a njira kapena zosakaniza youma. Ndime munavikidwa mu njira ya cuttings kapena detergent ufa. wa nthawi yokonza nthawi anasonyeza pa phukusi.

Kuyika ndi kafalitsidwe wa cuttings begonia mukapambana koposa mu madzi, ngati kukula stimulator kuwonjezera mavitamini C ndi B1. Ntchito mavitamini musataye zotsatira ankafuna. Mu 1 ml ya yothetsera anawonjezera pafupifupi 50 mg wa vitamini C kapena 20 mg - B1. galamu imodzi kukonzekera youma iyenera wothira 50 mg wa vitamini C kapena 10 mg - B1. Mavitamini ayenera zidzasungunuka mu pang'ono madzi kupanga njira.

The ogalamutsa akhoza m'malo?

alimi ambiri kumapangitsanso muzu mapangidwe ntchito uchi zachilengedwe njuchi. The lita imodzi ya madzi firiji, kuchepetsedwa supuni ya tiyi ya uchi. Mapesi kudula anayikidwa mu chotengera ndi kutsanulira uchi njira kotero kuti anali adalowetsedwa gawo lachitatu. Nthawi chithandizo - maola osachepera asanu. Honey, wolemera mu mchere, kwambiri kumawonjezera muzu mapangidwe.

Kusankha chotengeracho mizu

Ndi tichotseretu mphamvu akusokoneza amafuna wapadera begonia. Wofalitsa ndi cuttings mu madzi mtima kwambiri pamene muli kukonzekera chidebe cha magalasi mdima. Iwo akuzisunga dzuŵa, kotero madzi amakhala mwatsopano yaitali. amalima anakumana simukukhulupirira kuti iwo akhale pa rooting kusintha. Mukhonza kuwonjezera pang'ono azilipira kwa chamunthuyo atsopano.

Kodi tiyenera madzi?

Pa kubalana begonias cuttings mu chisamaliro madzi ayenera kumwedwa n'zotheka zofewa (spaced, Madzi a mvula kapena osasankhidwa) firiji. alimi ambiri amalangiza kuwonjezera madzi a Aloe maluwa, chimene chiri stimulant amphamvu kukula achilengedwe. Kumalimbitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi la zomera, ndi yogwira magawano selo, chitetezo zomera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zokhudza maluwa. A kapu ya madzi, kuwonjezera madontho asanu a madzi mwatsopano cholizira.

The ndondomeko ya tichotseretu

Kubalana begonias cuttings mu madzi Pakufunika chilengedwe cha zinthu zapadera kutentha (+22 ° C). Kupeza mphamvu kuti agwire bwino kutetezedwa ku dzuwa, koma bwino anayatsa malo. Madzi limakupatsani penyani ndi kukula chomera, ndi pa nthawi kulabadira zizindikiro za vuto.

Ngati inu munazindikira nkhungu pa nsonga tsinde, mapesi ayenera kuchotsedwa, kudula pribolevshy chiwembu, pang'ono yadzuwa kenako anaikidwa chidebe ndi madzi.

Thirani mu nthaka

Young begonia zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings mu madzi, mwamsanga kupereka mizu za ziwiri masentimita yaitali. Iwo anali pomwepo kuziika mu gawo lapadera kwa begonias. Osakaniza angathe kukonzekera payekhapayekha pepala (kapena kuwaika) lapansi, peat, masamba manyowa, humus ndi coarse mtsinje mchenga, mulingo ofanana.

Pambuyo kumuika, palibe Mangitsani pansi padziko tsinde zomera za unyamata, makamaka pa kolala muzu, kuti kuwononga mizu wosakhwima. Anabzala sapling chabe kutsanulira.

Kubalana begonia tsamba cuttings

Iyi ndi ndondomeko mwachilungamo imayenera: kuyambira tsamba wina akhoza kukula zomera ochepa. Zikhalidwe zina mulibe zosiyanasiyana tsinde, nchifukwa chake iwo ali njira chachikulu cha izi. Nthawi zambiri ankachita kafalitsidwe ndi cuttings mu begonias madzi matanthwe.

Pa maluwa mayi kupeza wamphamvu ndi wathanzi masamba. Dulani ndi mpeni wakuthwa kapena tsamba, kufalitsa pa pamwamba yopingasa (kawirikawiri ntchito bolodi akuigwiritsa). Patsinde tsamba kuti m'mbali kuti adulidwe ndi kugawa lamina zigawo. Aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala mtsempha chimodzi.

Mu bokosi kapena mphika kutsanulira mtsinje mchenga ndi moisten izo. Zidutswa za Lay pamwamba pepala kotero kuti nthiti otukukira kunja kwa pansi pa pepala ndi wokhudza mchenga. Part wa lamina akhoza kuika mfundo lakuthwa mu nthaka. Ngati ife kugawanitsa mbale sachiza, mungathe kufalitsa za begonia tsamba, kuwayika mu uthunthu wake pansi. Pankhaniyi, kupanga ang'ambe thupilo mu malo a mphambano ya mitsempha. Ndi apa, ndipo pali zanthete ndi mizu.

Pansi wosanjikiza mchenga anaika pang'ono wosweka sphagnum Moss wothira peat. phunziroli Izi kupereka mizu ya zomera zofunika chinyezi ndi zakudya. Kubalana pepala ndi umuna zapadera amapezeka bwinobwino. Bokosi ndi zomera ndi pulasitiki Manga ndi kukhala pamalo bwino anayatsa.

Nthawi zonse ventilate zomera humidify nthaka kupukuta kunja kutsitsi. Pamene mphukira adzawonekera, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi ya asamafalitse, kuti mbewu anali ndikuzolowera mlengalenga. Pa usiku mitambo ndi ofunda ndi masiku lotseguka zenera mu chipinda kumene begonias kukula. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira kafalitsidwe wa Begonia, inu mukhoza kumayenda zomera achinyamata miphika munthu miyezi itatu.

cuttings kubalana tsamba ikuchitika kasupe mochedwa kapena yotentha oyambirira pamene kutentha +30 ° C. Ngati inu kale begonia wamkulu, kubwereza kubalana kwa zaka zitatu, mwa njira iliyonse inu ankakonda.

malangizo ndi ochepa kwambiri

• Chinayamba cuttings zabwino mpando muli lonse koma osaya.
• Pa wosanjikiza pansi chofunika kuyala ngalande (wofiira njerwa kapena lalikulu konkire chipika).
• Young mphukira tuberous begonias Anadzala kuti tubers wa anayikidwa pa mtunda wa masentimita awiri m'mphepete mphika.
• Pambuyo kumuika pa, ikani mphika mu pamthunzi. Yalani mphika m'dera linawala zitha kukhala mu masiku atatu.