Tsatanetsatane wa Moscow ndi masomphenya ake

Tiyeni tifotokoze za Moscow, likulu la Russia. Moscow ndi mzinda wokhala ndi anthu ambiri ku Ulaya. Anthu oposa 10 miliyoni amakhala kuno. Mzinda waukulu wa Russia umatchedwanso kuti umodzi mwa mizinda yakale kwambiri kugawo la Ulaya. Pofika chaka cha 1147, umboni woyamba wolembedwawo ulipo. M'zaka za m'ma 1200 Moscow anakhala chigawo cha ulamuliro wapadera, ndipo kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 14 kunakhala likulu lomwe limagwirizanitsa dziko lonse la Russia. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, wakhala mkhalidwe wa chikhalidwe ndi ndale za dzikoli. Pano, typography imabadwa, nyuzipepala yoyamba ya Chirasha imasindikizidwa, ndipo malo oyambirira owonetsera masewero, kachisi wa comedy wotchedwa Kremlin, akuyamba ku Russia.

Tiyeni tione zochitika zazikulu ku Moscow. Chithunzi chomwe chili ndi mayina ndi mafotokozedwe awo zidzafotokozedwa pansipa. Tidzangonena zambiri zokhudzana ndi likulu la Russia, lomwe lingathe kuyankhulidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Kutsegulidwa kwa University of Moscow

Mu 1713, Peter I, amene amadziwika, anasamukira mumzinda wa St. Petersburg. Koma Moscow anakhalabe pakati pa luso ndi sayansi. Sizowopsa kuti mu mzinda uno mu 1755 yunivesite yoyamba ya dziko inatsegulidwa - imodzi Moscow. Moscow kuyambira mu 1918 ikubwezeretsanso malo omwe akusowa pokhala.

Akuluakulu a zomangamanga a mumzindawu

Pofotokoza za Moscow, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti zomangidwe za mzindawo zikuwonetsera zochitika zonse za mbiri yakale ya ku Russia. Mzinda wamakono umaphatikizapo misewu yopapatiza komanso mipando yambiri, nyumba zachifumu zakale komanso nyumba zapamwamba, malo odyetsera nkhalango komanso malo ogulitsa mafakitale. Ndizosiyana kwambiri kuti mukadzidziŵa, mumakhala ndi maganizo oyendayenda mu danga ndi nthawi.

Kufotokozera kwa Red Square

Ku Moscow, Kremlin ndi Red Square ndizo mbiri yakale ya mzindawo. Zimamenyana poyang'ana zomangamanga zake zazikulu. Malo osazolowereka a likulu liyamba kuoneka kale, pakati pa mzinda. Izi ndi zocheperapo za Mtsinje wa Moscow, zowonongeka, zowonongeka. Zonsezi zikufotokozedwa motsatizana ndi matchalitchi ambiri ndi ma temples okhala ndi golide wonyezimira. Sikuti malo osungiramo zinthu zakale komanso akachisi ali mkati mwa makoma a Kremlin. Pofotokoza za Red Square ku Moscow, m'pofunika kuwona zikuluzikulu zazikulu ziwiri: Tsar Bell ndi Tsar Cannon, zomwe zimachititsa chidwi alendo ambiri.

GUM

Peyala ya Red Square ndi mpingo wa St. Basil wa Moto ndi moto woyaka wa mitundu yambiri yowala. Pano pali GUM - sitolo yanthambi, yokhala ndi zitatu pansi. Ndi chimodzi cha zokopa zapadera. Zosintha mwa mawonekedwe a miyala zimagwirizanitsa mizere itatu ya GUM. Pamene mukuyenda apa, zikuwoneka kuti mumalowa mumzinda wapadera wakale.

Makomema a likulu

Zochitika ku Moscow, zomwe tafotokoza, si Red Red yekha. Zina mwazi, malo osungiramo zinthu zakale ambiri ali pakatikati pa likulu. Za iwo sizingatheke kutchula, kufotokoza za Moscow. Wotchuka kwambiri mwa iwo ndi Tretyakov Gallery ndi Museum Pushkin.

Ambiri ojambula zithunzi ankakhala mumzinda uno. Nyumba zawo ndi nyumba zawo atamwalira zinasanduka museums ku Moscow, zomwe zidzakondweretsedwe kwambiri kwa akatswiri ojambulajambula. Pambuyo popita ku nyumba za museum za Stanislavsky, Chaliapin, Chekhov, Ostrovsky, Lermontov, nyumba zamatabwa za Nemirovich-Danchenko, AN Tolstoy, Pushkin, mukhoza kulowa mumlengalenga wamoyo. Iyi ndi mndandanda wa anthu otchuka omwe ankakhala ku Moscow. Tikukulangizani kuti mupite ku zikumbutso za Moscow. Chithunzicho ndifotokozedwa sichikhoza kufotokozera nyengo yomwe ikulamulira m'misamuziyamu iyi. Mu chithunzi chili pansipa - nyumba yosungirako nyumba ya Chekhov.

Pakatikati pali malo ambiri owonetsera masewera. Ambiri a iwo ndi zipilala za zomangamanga. Ku Moscow, panopa pali machitidwe osiyanasiyana: kuchokera ku opera mpaka operetta ndi nyimbo.

Arbat

Arbat ndi imodzi mwa malo okondweretsa kwambiri pakati pa mzindawu, momwe mawonedwe ambiri a Moscow akuyimira. Kulongosola kwa izo kudzakhala kosangalatsa kwa owerenga ambiri. Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti osati msewu wakale womwe amatanthauza Arbat. Arbat - dera lonse, loyandikana pakati pa Malaya ndi Bolshaya Nikitskiy m'misewu ndi kropotkinskaya. Pano ankakhala ambiri ojambula ojambula ndi olemba. Chigawo ichi chinayimba nthawi zambiri nyimbo ndi ndakatulo. Leo Tolstoy ndi Pushkin, Bulgakov ndi Bunin, Okudzhava ndi Rybakov anali ku Arbat. Lero, Street ya Arbat ndi malo oyenda pansi komanso malo osonkhana omwe akuyimira ntchito zaluso. Pano, palinso, pali malo ambiri odyera ndi amwenye.

"Kolomenskoye"

Osati kokha malo ake, kumene moyo ndi chikhalidwe chimawotha, Moscow ndi yosangalatsa. Kulongosola mwachidule kwa mzindawu kumaphatikizapo chidziwitso pamapaki ndi nyumba. Moscow mapaki ndi malo odyetserako nkhalango amafunikira chidwi chenicheni. Mmodzi wa iwo, Kolomenskoye Museum-Reserve, ali pamalo a malo akale a mafumu aakulu ndi mafumu a ku Russia. M'dera laling'ono laling'ono muli zida zochititsa chidwi kwambiri zakale zakale, zomangamanga komanso zamoyo. Mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale-sungani kuti muwone mabokosi akuluakulu, osungidwa kuyambira nthawi ya chisanu. Komabe, zikuluzikulu zake ndizo zikumbutso za zomangamanga, ndikukopa alendo ambiri, omwe nthawi iliyonse ya chaka amadzaza ndi Moscow. Kufotokozera kwachidule kwa mzinda kudzapitilizidwa ndi nkhani yokhudza paki ndi manor.

Tsaritsynsky Park ndi Nyumba za Kuskovo

Tsaritsynsky Park ili kum'mwera kwa Moscow. Iye ali ndi chidwi ndi nyumba yaikulu ya nyumba zachifumu. Catherine II adalamula kumanga Zaritsyno. Chifukwa cha ichi, Mkaziyo sanagwiritse ntchito nyumbazi, zomangidwa ndi ntchito ya Matvey Kazakov ndi Vasily Bazhenov, omwe amanga nyumba zazikulu za ku Russia. Grand Palace sizinathe. Iye ndi chimodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri ku Moscow. Mera 170 ndilo kutalika kwake. Ku Nyumba ya Grand Kremlin, poyerekeza, kutalika kwa chigawochi ndi mamita 120.

Nyumba ya Kuskovo ili kum'mawa kwa likulu. Iye ankakonda kukhala wa Count Count Sheremetyev. Manor ino ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha zojambula zamakono ndi zomangamanga. Mutha kuona chithunzi pansipa.

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi zipilala zimenezi za Moscow. Chithunzi chomwe chili ndifotokozedwa pamwambapa chingakuthandizeni kuti mudziwe bwino.

Ostankino

Kumpoto ndi Ostankino. Nyumbayi imakopa alendo ndi nyumba yake yachifumu, yomwe inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1300. Mbalame ya birch-birch, yomwe imapezeka m'madera a Moscow, ili pafupi nayo. Pa paki ndi nyumbayo zimayimirira ku Tower Ostankino.

Mmene mawonekedwe amachitira muzaka za m'ma 2000

M'zaka za m'ma 1900, Moscow anasintha kwambiri. Kulongosola kwa mzindawu kuyenera kukonzedwa kukumbukira kusinthaku. Nyumba zambiri zamakedzana zinagwetsedwa. Chifukwa cha zomanga nyumba zatsopano, mzindawu wakula kwambiri. Komabe, osati kusintha kokha kwa kusintha kwa zomangamanga za likulu. Pali zochitika zatsopano za Moscow. Ndi maina ndi kufotokozera kwao tidzakhalanso owerenga.

Zithunzi zisanu ndi ziŵiri za zomangamanga za Stalinist zinakhala zizindikiro zake. Iyi ndi nyumba yotchuka yokwera. Moscow University pa Sparrow Hills ili mu umodzi mwa iwo. Malo akuluakulu a ku Moscow ndi malo otchuka, omwe ali pa Vorobyovy Gory. Malo opambana kwambiri a mzindawu akuwululidwa kuchokera apa.

VDNH (Moscow)

Kufotokozera kwa mzinda kudzapitiriza ndi kufotokozera mwachidule ku malo ena odziwika bwino. VDNH ndi malo odziŵika bwino a zomangamanga m'nthaŵi ya Soviet. Kenaka adatchedwanso VVC. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri zowonetsera maulendo, omwe amasiyana mooneka bwino. Pakati pawo pali akasupe otchuka. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi Kasupe wa Anthu Ambiri. Yokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi zagolide. Kasupe uyu akhoza kunyada ndi Moscow. Chithunzicho ndifotokozedwe sichisonyeza, mwatsoka, ulemerero wake wonse.

Hotel "Cosmos"

Malo a Cosmos ali pafupi ndi malo owonetserako ziwonetsero. Dzina lake limakumbutsa kuti mbiri ya cosmonautics m'dziko lathu inayamba mwachindunji kudera lino. Pano, pafupi ndi Prospectus of the World, makampani a rocket anakabadwa. Zimakumbutsidwa za izi ndi obelisk, ndi chipilala cha Tsiolkovsky, yemwe anayambitsa astronautics, ndi malo omwe mabasi kwa Academicians Mstislav Keldysh ndi Sergei Korolev ali. Zonsezi ndi zikumbutso zofunikira zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizidwa mu kufotokoza kwa Moscow.

Sungani

Chimodzi mwa zipilala zabwino kwambiri za classicism zakumapeto ndi nyumba ya Manezh. Icho chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yoletsedwa ndi cholinga chachikulu.

Nyumbayi inamangidwa mu 1817 ndikulemekeza chaka chachisanu cha kupambana mu nkhondo ya 1812. Olemba pulojekitiyi anali amisiri omangamanga a Montferrand ndi Beauvais, injini - Kashperov, Betancourt, Carbonne. Chiwonetsero cha mapepala a Doric, omwe ali pambali pambali, kumalola munthu kuiwala za kutalika kwa nyumbayi. Kawirikawiri panthawi imeneyo kupereka msonkho kwa kupambana kwa zida za ku Russia ndi zithunzi za usilikali pa iwo.

Kutsegula kwa Arena kunadziwika ndi gulu la asilikali omwe amabwera ndi chigonjetso pasanafike ku Paris. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Bwanamkubwa wa ku Moscow-General analamula kuti zipinda za nyumbayo zikhale zodzaza ndi zojambulajambula. Komabe, womanga mzinda wa Bove sanagonjetsedwe ndi izi, ngakhale kuti anali Manezh yemwe adatsimikiza za kukula kwa mzindawu. Malinga ndi ndondomeko yake, yomanga nyumba ya Moscow University, yomwe ili pafupi ndi iyo, iyenera kukhala malo ozungulira pa Manege Square.

Nyumba yaikulu ya Manezh inali ndi denga lopangidwa ndi matabwa popanda nsanamira zothandizira. Anali kulingalira pa nthawiyi chozizwitsa cha njira "Kukonzekera poyamba kunapangidwira mapulaneti, ndemanga ndi masewero olimbitsa thupi, ndipo idagwiritsidwenso ntchito pazinthu zina - pa zikondwerero, zikondwerero ndi zikondwerero - kuyambira mu 1831. Zojambula zamatabwa zinalowetsedwa ndi zitsulo mu 1940. Pambuyo kumanganso kwatsopano , Mu 1957, iwo anatsegula Central Exhibition Hall, kumene mawonetsero osiyanasiyana amachitikira komanso kuti azikhalapo.

Moscow Metro

Chimodzi mwa zochititsa chidwi mumzindawu ndi sitima ya pamtunda, yomwe imatchedwa "nyumba zachifumu" za likulu. Iwo amadziwika ndi kukongola kwa nyumba zapansi ndi ma vestibules. Chisankho chomanga chinapangidwa mu 1931. Ndipo ntchito yoyamba inavomerezedwa mu City Duma Pasanafike Nkhondo Yoyamba Padziko Lonse. Mu 1935, pa May 15, kuti okwerawo atsegulidwe mzere woyamba wa metro (Sokolnicheskaya Line). Lublin inayamba kugwira ntchito yotsiriza (m'zaka za m'ma 1900). Izi zinachitika mu 1995. Mitundu yoposa 20 ya miyala ya marble inagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga pansi, kuphatikizapo onyx, rhodonite, porphyry, granite, labrador ndi mitundu ina yamwala. Zolembedwa, ziboliboli, zokongola ndi zokongoletsera zokongoletsera zokongoletsa pansi. Zidalengedwa ndi ambuye oyang'anira dziko.

Omanga ndi omangamanga a Moscow Metro adayesetsa kuti asamangokhalira kumangokhalira kuyendetsa okwera ndege, komanso kuti aziwoneka payekha iliyonse. Chimodzi mwa zabwino kwambiri ndi Mayakovskaya. Inatsegulidwa mu 1938. Mu mawonekedwe a zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi granite anaikapo zitsulo zamkuwa , zothandizira za nyumba ya pansi pa nthaka zimapangidwa. Mapangidwe a Mose, opangidwa ndi zojambula za Deineka, ali mu domes. Pa chiwonetsero ku Paris mu 1937, malo oyamba pa metro ku Moscow adalandira mphoto chifukwa cha kukonza midzi, ndipo Mayakovskaya adapatsidwa Grand Prix.

Kropotkinskaya, Novoslobodskaya, Mayakovskaya, Komsomolskaya ndi Korina mosaics, Revolution Square, yomwe imakongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi 76 zamkuwa za Mazinera, ndipo zina zimakhala zojambula zokongola za 30-50-ies. The Metro pa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikristu inagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo obisala mabomba. Malo atsopano amadziwika ndi kukonza mwamphamvu ndi kuphweka.

Kuti muyende pamtunda, pali malingaliro ake. Ziri m'mabuku onse. Thandizo likuthandizidwanso ndi zolemba zopangira komanso zipangizo zothandizira.

Bwalo la Crimea

Tidzapitiriza kufotokoza kwa Moscow ndi nkhani yokhudza kukopa kwa mzinda monga Bridge Bridge. Mu 1783 mlatho wa Nikolayevsky wamatabwa unakhazikitsidwa pa malo a Crimea ford. Analowetsedwa mu zaka 100 ndi chitsulo ndi trustes latticed.

Mu 1935 milatho isanu ndi umodzi yodzikongoletsedwa ndi mtsinje wa Moscow. Kulongosola kwa onse awo sitidzalemba. Komabe, mlatho wa Crimea umayenera kuyang'anitsitsa. Anagwirizanitsa ndi Garden Ring Road ku Gorky Park ya Culture ndi Kaluga Square. Crimea, monga milatho ina yatsopano, imayendetsa zikhomo, motero kuonetsetsa kuti zinyamuliro zowonongeka, zomwe zili m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Zimasiyanasiyana ndi ena mwa mtundu wopangidwe. Mlatho uwu ndiwo wokha umene umapachika Mtsinje wa Moscow. Kutalika kwake ndi mamita 671.

F. O. nyumba ya Shekhtel

Mu 1896, katswiri wa zomangamanga Shekhtel anamanga nyumba yapadera. Zimasiyanitsa pamwamba pa zonse mu zomangamanga zokongola za nyumbayo, zomwe zikufanana ndi nyumba ya zakale. Zomangamanga zikusonyeza zilakolako za chikondi zomwe zisanachitike masiku ano.

Zipinda zodyerako zikuyang'anizana ndi munda, zipinda zamoyo zikuyang'anizana ndi msewu. Pakatikati mwa nyumba ndi masitepe akuluakulu. Zipinda zazikulu zimakonzedwa kuzungulira. Pamwamba pa staircase pambali ndi pakhomo ndi nsanja zapamwamba. Chithunzi cha VA Frolov chiri pamwamba pa khomo. Imaimira ma matatu atatu a iris: kutsegulira kwa duwa ili, maluwa ake ndi kufota. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'nkhalango zamkati zosiyanasiyana. Malo ozimitsira zotsitsimutsa ali m'chipinda chokhalamo. Pamwamba pake imatulutsa khonde. Nyumbayi lero imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ambassy. Kumeneko ankakhala mu 1920 akuluakulu a Soviet, kuphatikizapo Bubnov, People's Commissar.

Ministry of Agriculture

Nyumbayi, yokhala ndi mipando 8, imapangidwira kalembedwe ka constructivism. Ili pambali ya mzindawo, pamtunda wa magalimoto ambiri. Maziko ake ndi chithunzi chokongoletsera chokongoletsedwa ndi makoma a pulasitiki. Utumiki wambiri ukufanana ndi zomwe Mendelssohn analemba. Amagwirizana bwino ndi Centrosoyuz ndi Gostorg yomwe ili pafupi. Pamodzi ndi zipangizo zonyamulira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyumba yosasunthika.

Izi ndizimene zimakonda kwambiri ku Moscow. Zithunzi zomwe ziri ndi mayina ndi zofotokozedwa zidzakuthandizani kuti muwonetse maonekedwe amakono a likulu la Russia.