The mtundu yabwino ya kachasu. Scotland: zigawo Wisiki

Magic kachasu, mwa zina, zochokera chakuti kumwa endemically womangidwa ku dziko lomwe anapanga.

miyambo zisanu

Ndi mitsinje ikuyenda pansi otsetsereka a Scottish-Munroe, kudyetsa phiri nyanja-fuckers ndi kuonetsetsa loonekeratu madzi zachonde of Scotland, modzipereka mwaufulu chimera balere. zosakaniza onsewa kuphatikiza kulenga magalimoto kupanikizana, amene, chifukwa cha alchemy wa distillation adzakhala wamkulu kwambiri kuposa ndalama yosavuta ziwalo kachasu.

Scotland lagawidwa zigawo zisanu, omwe masamba ake osiyana amaonekera pa mankhwala kwaiye kumeneko. Mbali zimenezi anafotokozedwa ndi malire Hrs unakhazikitsidwa ku mlingo malamulo, zikhoza kuonedwa kuti zigawo terroir ku France, kumene vinyo, nkuti, Burgundy, zitha ikuchitika Burgundy, chifukwa nthaka m'dera ndi nyengo ali wapadera kuti mphesa wamkulu pano anasiya kuzindikira " mtundu. "

The mwachidule mfundo zotsatirazi n'zokhudza madera waukulu Scotland Wisiki, osankhidwa malinga ndi malamulo a 2009, lomwe linafotokoza 5 m'madera waukulu zizindikiro miyambo ndi dera kumwa.

otsika Scottish

Dera limeneli linali kamodzi wodzala distilleries (mu kaundula wa atumwi XVIII kutchulidwa zomera 215), ndipo palibe amene amadziwa bwanji kupanga kachasu Scotland wagwa kotero zikuchepa. Ambiri mfundo zochita mzaka za malamulo ya ku Britain, kulimbikitsa mphamvu-kumasulidwa English jini kuti wakumanitsa opanga m'dera la msika awo waukulu. Mwa zifukwa zina ndi kusintha makonda ogula - iwo ali kwambiri kukoma kwanu wamphamvu kukoma Highland.

Low-atagona m'madera ili kum'mwera kwa malire wosaoneka chochokera Greenock kugombe la kumadzulo kum'mawa kwa Dundee ndipo unali. Panopa, pali zitatu yogwira sewerolo Wisiki: Auchentoshan, Bladnoch ndi Glenkinchie, ndipo awiriwo anayamba ntchito Daftmill ndi Aisla Bay.

Dera anatchuka chifukwa kuwala kwake ndi tepi zofewa popanda kukoma utsi. Wolemba Charlz Maklin analankhula za kachasu m'deralo monga mowa wopatsitsa njala abwino. Iyi ndi njira kwambiri kwa anthu amene ali kuyambira chabe ankadziwa chakumwa, komanso connoisseurs odziwa - patatu distillation ndi ambiri mu otsika kuposa mu dera lina lirilonse la kupanga kachasu.

Scotland lagawidwa Highland ndi Scottish otsika zikomo kwa alimi a Sikochi wapa, monga malire pakati pa iwo wakhala amadziwika ndi lamulo 1784, chimene kumpoto ndi kum'mwera inakhazikitsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Cholinga cha mchitidwewo anali kulimbikitsa distilling malamulo m'mapiri ndi kuchepetsa distillation oletsedwa. Kupanga ang'ono-ang'ono kumpoto kwa mzere wolekanitsa akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito mlingo msonkho m'munsi.

• Chitsanzo Scottish otsika Sikochi wapa kalembedwe - kuwala, zamaluwa ndi kamapezeka m'mafuta.
• Waukulu yogwira opanga Wisiki: Auchentoshan, Bladnoch ndi Glenkinchie.
• Adatsekedwa kapena mothballed distilleries: Inverleven, Littlemill, Rosenbank ndi St Magadala.

Auchentoshan

Distillery unapangidwa bungwe mu 1823. Kuyambira pamenepo anagwetsa eni asanu amene amapezeka luso lapadera kupanga. Kukoma ndi fungo la kachasu kuno chavumbulidwa njira ya patatu mmalo mwa distillation awiri, monga nkozoloŵereka Scotland. Chimera opangidwa Auchentoshan 10 wazaka kukhudzana ali golide mtundu, kutsitsimuka ndi mithunzi zofewa wa thundu. Chotsani, kamapezeka m'mafuta aftertaste umatha ndi kukoma wofatsa.

Bladnoch

distillery The anakhazikitsidwa mu 1917 ndi McClelland ndi banja lake kuyambira nthawi imeneyo zasintha eni angapo, nthawi anatseka mpaka chinamasulidwa mu 2000 kutulutsa owerengeka kwambiri umodzi chimera kachasu. Bladnoch zaka 15 kukhudzana ali kwambiri chikasu mthunzi ndi zofewa wochuluka, udzu, mandimu ndi fungo zamaluwa ndi undertones kamapezeka m'mafuta. Liquorice ndi aftertaste yaitali. Pali mithunzi ya vwende, rasipiberi, sitiroberi ndi zipatso.

Speyside

Chiwerengero chachikulu cha opanga kachasu ndi kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili za makope onse chimera lili kuli anthu ambiri m'dera la dziko - mu Spey chigwa, kapena Speyside. Charlz Maklin ali anafotokozera za tepi ina ngati "lokoma, ndi zolemba kutchulidwa wa esters, onunkhira peyala madontho, cloves, Parma violets, maluwa, maapulo, nthochi, kirimu koloko ndipo chakumwa chamandimu." M'zaka zaposachedwapa, dera anayamba kutulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pa akachasu tingachipeze powerenga chimera, ndi zambiri kuonedwa peat zakumwa mkulu m'mbali mwa miyambo. Sikochi wapa Speyside ali osiyanasiyana zosaneneka oonetsera kwa achikulire mu mbiya sheri Aberlour ndi Mortlach kuti Benriach utsi wambiri ndipo Benromach.

• Kalembedwe ankaikira Sikochi wapa Speyside - olemera ndi Mwazipatso, ngakhale ntchito peat likupitirirabe wamba.
• Waukulu yogwira distilleries: Benromach, Balvenie, Glenlivet, Glenfiddich, Macallan, Glenfarclas ndi Mortlach.
• Tatseka kapena mothballed ogwira ntchito: Dallas Dhu, Caperdonich, Coleburn, Banff, Convalmore.

Glenlivet

Glenlivet mwina wotchuka umodzi chimera Sikochi wapa kachasu (osakwatira chimera Sikochi wapa kachasu) mu dera, ndipo dzina lake wakhala yotchuka ambiri distilleries ena ayamba perekani nokha. Pamene Yohane. H. Smith, mwini distillery, ankayesetsa kudzatenga umwini wa dzinalo, izo lakwaniritsa zochepa chabe bwino. khotilo kusamutsa ufulu wake dzina nazonso analola opanga zina kugwiritsa ntchito dzina "Glenlivet" pafupi ndi dzina la fakitale. Iwo akadali zotheka icho pa ena m'mabotolo akale ku dera.

Anayambitsa kampani, analimbikitsa ndi Duke wa Gordon, choyamba anakasuma mlandu chifukwa laisensi mu 1824. Iye anapita ndi amaganiza anthu pa nthawi. opanga oletsedwa sasangalala ndi amenewa ntchito Smith, amamuopseza imfa, ndi Duke wa Gordon ngakhale anamupatsa mfuti chitetezo 2, limene Tingaone pakati mlendo pa distillery lapansi. Legalization anapereka Smith mwayi kuti anabweretsa mtundu mu patsogolo. Lero, kampani ali gulu la Chivas ndi Glenlivet, Pernod Ricard anagula mu 2001. Zomera chinatsekedwa lokha pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World chifukwa kupanda balere. Glenlivet ntchito zikulumikizana bwino, monga Chivas Regal ndi Royal Patsani moni.

12 wazaka umodzi chimera kuwala golide kulocha ali zamaluwa fungo zolemba ndi sheri, zonunkhira ndi vanila. Kulawa ndi pang'ono wautsi, wosakhwima, pang'ono lokoma ndi Mwazipatso, oyera komanso moyenera. Akumaliza yaitali, koma zofewa ndi ofunda, ndi kuda peat vkontse.

Campbelltown

Campbelltown ili pafupi ku mapeto kwa dziko la Mull Of Kintyre, kugombe la kumadzulo kwa Scotland. Pali munali oposa 30 mabizinezi kwa kupanga kachasu, amene panopa ntchito katatu kokha: Glen Scotia, Glengyle ndi Springbank.

Kempbeltaunsky chimera Sikochi wapa ku Springbank wolemera, zovuta, wodzala kukoma ndi lomveka nyanja mchere ndi peat zofewa. Hazelburn wa Glen Scotia ndi Springbank patatu distillation ndipo ndi zosavuta zina Amene amakonda kutsitsimuka kwambiri. Pamene chakumwa mbiri Alfred Barnard anapita mu 1885 m'deralo, iye wotchedwa Campbelltown "Wisiki City". Pa nthawi imeneyo, pali 21 ankapitabe kufufuza kuti anamutenga masabata awiri.

Kuuza m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri monga mabuku kuchuluka kupanga mu Kampbeltaune kuti zosafunika anayamba kudutsa mu chomaliza mankhwala, kumene kumakhala kutsogozedwa kuti kuchepa mankhwala khalidwe. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, panali fungo fishy wa kachasu, ndi ogula ali ndi udindo opanga ntchito mbiya kusasitsa Imwani hering'i lapansi.

• Chitsanzo kalembedwe - amphamvu, olemera ndi nyanja.
• Waukulu yogwira makampani: Springbank, Glen Scotia ndi Kilkerran.
• Tatseka ndi mothballed distilleries: Ballegerggan, Dalaruan ndi Glen Nevis.

Glen Scotia

Distillery anakhazikitsidwa mu 1832 mu 1979-82. chifukwa wamakono ake anatha pafupifupi £ 1 miliyoni, koma mu 1984 izo zinali kutsekedwa. Anatsegula mu 1989, kampani chinatsekedwa pansi kachiwiri mu 1994. Koma posachedwapa pakhala feelers otchezedwa kachasu. Mowa khalidwe anali wabwino, kuti ayambitse kupanga zonse. Padakali Glen Scotia ali miyezi 3 pa chaka chifukwa antchito a pafupi distillery Springbank.

12 wazaka Amber-golide tepi ali ndi zokometsera kwambiri, peppery kukoma lomveka la sheri. Kukoma ndi zokometsera, ndi chokoleti ndi maula mumthunzi ndi ofunda zosangalatsa mapeto.

Springbank

Anakhazikitsidwa mu 1828 ndi Archibald Mitchell, ndi wamkulu palokha mbewu kwa kupanga kachasu Scotland ndi umalamulidwa ndi ana a tate wa tsiku lino. Apa kupanga 3 zopangidwa osiyana - Springbank, Longrow ndi Hazelburn. Springbank otchezedwa 2.5. Zidamera balere zouma pa peat moto maola 6 okha, ndipo kenako maola 24 - ofunda mpweya. Chifukwa ndi kachasu zochepa utsi wambiri kuposa zambiri opangidwa ku Campbelltown. Springbank - mmodzi wa zomera awiri omwe butyliruet kachasu pa gwero ntchito madzi choyambirira kuchepetsa mphamvu chakumwa. Mlengi wina amenewa ndi Glenfiddich. kachasu zonse mu Springbank, ndi kugulitsidwa ngati chimera limodzi. chakumwa 10 wazaka ali kuwala golide hue, aromas wa zipatso, peyala ndi peat. Kukoma utsi, vanila, nutmeg, ndi mchere pang'ono. Tatsala ndi full, olemera, yaitali, ofunda, pang'ono mchere.

Highland ndi Islands

Dera limeneli, amene amanena za chilumba ndipo mwina ali osiyanasiyana linafalitsidwa kwambiri oonetsera, kwa ofatsa Glengoyne ndi Deanston mitundu brackish m'mphepete mwa nyanja, monga Old Pulteney ndi Oban.

Island chimera kachasu ndi katswiri ndi kalembedwe yake osiyana, kuchokera chomasuka Arran ndi Jura liza kukoma ndi Tobermory, wolemera zovuta oonetsera wa Highland Park kachasu.

• Chitsanzo kalembedwe - zosiyanasiyana.
• Waukulu yogwira Distillery: Highland Park, Glenmorangie, Dalmore, Jura, Tobermory ndi Oban.
• Adatsekedwa kapena mothballed zomera: Brora, Glen Mhor, Millburn ndi Glenugie.

Highland Park

Anakhazikitsidwa mu 1798 pa Orkney chilumba distillery ndi kumpoto kwenikweni ku Scotland. ogwira The paokha chinkhoswe mu m'zigawo za peat kwa kuyanika malting balere. The chifukwa cha kupanga ndondomeko ndi chimera kachasu ndi Heather kukoma yowawitsa smokiness, amene amalola kuti akhalebe amakonda okonda kumwa. Pafupifupi 60% ya ulimi kampani - chimera Sikochi wapa, ndi otsala 40% amapita ku yopanga zakumwa losakanizika ndi odnobochkovogo. Highland Park salinso amagulitsa malonda ake palokha bottling mbewu.

Pali ochepa kwambiri zopangidwa zina za umodzi chimera Sikochi wapa, zimene kotero zonse akutama connoisseurs ndi akatswiri kwa ake 12, 15, 18, 25, 30 ndi 40 chaka options.

30 wazaka Highland Park kachasu ali ndi mkuwa Amber hue, zokometsera, musky fungo ndi zolemba za chokoleti mdima. Kukoma kwa toffee, chocolate mdima, lalanje ndi peat. Tatsala ndi nthawi, olemera, wautsi ndi n'zosadabwitsa lokoma.

Kachasu connoisseur, akatswiri ndemanga Maykl Dzhekson kamodzi otchedwa Highland Park «lalikulu ngolo mu dziko la kachasu."

Dalmore

distillery The anakhazikitsidwa mu 1839 ndi Alexander Mathieson. Ili pa magombe a Kromati Firth pandunji pa Black Island. tepi opangidwa m'bukuli ali ndi kukoma zonse ndi thupi. A yaitali, wopatsa mapeto likhale tingachipeze powerenga Highland kachasu. Today, 62 wazaka Dalmore ndi Sikochi wapa mtengo kwambiri mu dziko. Mu May 2005, botolo la mowa Anagula, mtengo umene anakwana 32 chikwi. Mapaundi. 12 wazaka Dalmore ali kwambiri golide hue omwe ananyamula. The fungo ndi kwambiri ndi kulimbikira bwino kusasintha yosalala malankhulidwe malty - oloroso sheri, lalanje marmalade ndi zonunkhira. Kaso kukoma sheri mwawathila ndi mapeto wopatsa.

Islay chilumba

Panopa, pali mafakitale eyiti Islay kachasu kupanga. Scotland anatchuka chifukwa chake manufactures ndi mitundu dziko wotchuka. M'pomveka kunena kuti miyoyo ya Islay Sikochi wapa, monga ambiri a m'deralo njira anthu wina amene amalima ake, kaya ndi kukula balere kapena distilling kachasu, kapena zamatsenga yogawa wake. Ngakhale ankakhulupirira kuti chisumbucho chinali malo oyamba chiyambi cha m'ma XIV, amonke anayamba kusuta Uisge Beatha. Izi anali kugwirizana ndi osakaniza pafupifupi changwiro cha zifukwa zingapo: nthaka yabwino, chimene chili chofunika kulima balere, pamaso pa peat, ntchito ngati mafuta, ndi mosalekeza gwero la madzi oyera.

Chilumba yokha ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa kukoma kwa chakumwa labala pano. nthaka makamaka wapangidwa peat, ndipo ambiri a madzi chifukwa owonjezera yake utoto bulauni mtundu, pamene namondwe yozizira zambiri kuyambitsa nyanja mchere mozama chisumbucho, kuwonjezera timawu mchere kuti kukoma utsi wambiri. Komabe, si onse kachasu m'dera massively ankachitira ndi utsi. Mwachitsanzo, mu kupanga sukulu monga Bunnahabhain ndi Bruchladdich, peat ntchito kwenikweni kapena ayi konse ntchito.

• Kalembedwe ankaikira Sikochi wapa Islay - wautsi (kupatula Bunnahabhain ndi Bruichladdich).
• Waukulu yogwira distilleries: Ardbeg, Bowmore, Bruichladdich, Bunnahabhain, Caol Ila, Kilchoman, Lagavulin ndi Laphroaig.
• Adatsekedwa kapena mothballed distilleries: Port Ellen.

Laphroaig

Distillery anakhazikitsidwa mu 1815 ndi Donald ndi Alex Johnston. About 10% ya ulimi wa chimera kachasu, ndi zina wagulitsidwa kutulutsa mankhwala odziwika bwino, monga Long John, Black botolo ndi Islay nkhungu. Laphroaig tingathe kuchigwiritsa chikondi kapena chidani. chikhalidwe chosiyana zingaoneke ngati zopanda phindu kwa ena. Obwera bwino kuyesa Mabaibulo mbandakucha Mwachitsanzo, Bowmore. Koma ngati muli kulawa kachasu, ndiye wina izi ndi salinso kupeza. Laphroaig 15 wazaka ali ndi chuma owala hue golide, wofatsa kukoma utsi ndi kukoma zosangalatsa za udzu watsopano. Kukoma kwa thundu, peat utsi, nutmeg, amondi wokazinga, mchere. Tatsala ndi nthawi, resonating, yowutsa mudyo ndipo limaonetseratu.

Bowmore

The distillery linakhazikitsidwa pa chisumbu cha Islay mu 1779 ndipo ndi wakale kwambiri mu Scotland. Malowa ali pamtunda pa gombe, zomwe n'zofunika kuti tipeze tanthauzo la umodzi chimera kachasu, monga apa kutsatira njira za makolo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa distilleries asanu kuti likuwapangabe wake panopa balere chimera. kupanga ntchito madzi kuchokera kumtsinje Laggala, omwe anatenga oonetsera m'dera la peat, amene amagwiranso ntchito kwa kuyanika balere. Kachasu kukula mu kosungira achinyezi unali pansi pa nyanja, mu mbiya ya Spanish ndi American thundu. Peat, balere, madzi, nkhuni, anthu ndi miyambo kuphatikiza kulenga amphamvu, ofunda ndi utsi wambiri umodzi chimera khalidwe la Bowmore Islay.

Bowmore analamula ali opukutidwa teak mtundu, aromas wa apricots, uchi vwende ndi lychee. Chakudya cha claret, peaty chikondi cha chilumba anagwetsa malankhulidwe a chokoleti mdima ndi liquorice. Pali zolemba za gelegedeya, Caribbean nzimbe shuga. Tatsala ndi nthawi ndi yowutsa mudyo, wautsi ndi okoma.

Lagavulin

distillery The anakhazikitsidwa mu 1816 ndi mlimi m'dera John Johnston. Koyamba m'dera lopanga malamulo kwa kupanga kachasu. chakumwa analenga pano anapambana mphatso zambiri, kuphatikizapo mendulo golide 9 pa IWSC Mayiko mpikisano. 16 wazaka Lagavulin umodzi chimera kachasu imatengedwa zabwino chifukwa cha kukoma kwake moyenera chilumba - ndi ayodini pang'ono, utsi pang'ono, zolemba wofatsa wanthaka ndi yaitali, yosalala, kaso mapeto, wodzala ndi peat, mchere malankhulidwe ndi lomveka Seaweed.

zikulumikizana

Pali mitundu ingapo ya kachasu. Scotland legislatively anakhazikitsa mitundu isanu ya chakumwa. Chimera (osakwatira chimera) anapanga okha balere chimera ndi madzi distillery mu zida mtanda distillation. Odnozernovoy (osakwatira mbewu) mwina monga wosungunulidwa ndi ochiritsira mbewu. Obwerawa kachasu (ziziwayendera Sikochi wapa kachasu) posakaniza mitundu chimodzi kapena zingapo chimera limodzi ndi mitundu chimodzi kapena zingapo odnozernovogo tepi. Isanafike kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo atsopano linali dzina la osakaniza aliyense, kaya mfundo kupanga. Komanso kusiyanitsa chimera wosanganiza ndi blended tirigu Sikochi wapa kachasu.

The zikulumikizana wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko Johnnie Walker, choyamba opangidwa ku Kilmarnock mu 1820 Black Sichizindikiro lili ku mitundu 40 chimera ndi tirigu Sikochi wapa tepi, omwe amalimbikitsidwa kwa zaka zosachepera 12. A chisakanizo cha wopusa ndi lalitali kwambiri, ndi kukoma olemera ndi pang'ono peat kununkhira.

Yopangidwa kuyambira 1801, Chivas Regal (Akachaso, Scotland, zaka 12), ndi imodzi mwa mitundu bwino wosanganiza wa Sikochi wapa mu dziko. Imwani ofunda Amber mtundu ndi aromas zitsamba kuthengo, uchi, ndi masamba kutentha, tastefully kucha apulo, vanila, hazelnut ndi butterscotch. The zikuchokera - 40% chimera Sikochi wapa tepi, amene osachepera 4% - Strathisla Speyside.

Chitsanzo ndi wosanganiza kachasu White Hatchi - imodzi yabwino kugulitsa zopangidwa mu dziko. Lili oposa 40% chimera Sikochi wapa, ozikidwa pa kukoma wapadera Lagavulin Islay. zopangidwa ena omwe amadza kwambiri pa chikhalidwe chomaliza cha chakumwa ndi Talisker ndi Linkwood. Umunthu, khalidwe la zosakaniza ndi chisamaliro chimene opangidwa kavalo woyera, kukhala chizindikiro cha miyambo khalidwe ndi zaka zakubadwa.

The chachiwiri akachasu wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko amapangidwa kuchokera chisakanizo cha zabwino umodzi chimera Sikochi wapa Speyside J & B, ndiwotani kumwa Frank Sinatra, Dina Martina ndi Semmi Devisa Jr. Easy, kuwapatsa onunkhira Heather kalembedwe ndi mapeto yaitali yowawitsa, zofewa mapeto.

zosiyanasiyana ena otchuka blended Sikochi wapa kachasu - Long John. osakaniza anakhazikitsidwa mu zaka mazana makumi awiri pa Tormore zomera Speyside. Zimafanana Long John ali 48 mitundu ya akachasu chimera, kuphatikizapo Laphroaig ndi Highland Park. The mitundu ziwiri zapitazi ndi kudziwa kukoma wapadera wa chakumwa chabwino.

zimafanana Phiri Akhama wamba mu Russia - kachasu, umene umabala kampani Distillers Co. ku Edinburgh.

Ballantines kachasu, amene akudziŵa bwino za mbiri kuyambira 1827, lero tithe mwa zopangidwa pamwamba pa dziko. chakumwa ndi kuwala golide mtundu, ndi zolemba kwambiri zokometsera ndi malankhulidwe bwino moyenera chocolate, apulo ndi vanila ndi mapeto zamaluwa.

Sikochi wapa Highland Cup wopanga Glasgow Wisiki chotengera mu Belarus "Minsk Kristall".