Chibadwa matsenga Kodi mphamvu zamatsenga Garri Pottera zinalembedwa DNA wake?

M'dziko "Harry Muumbi" luso matsenga munaupereka kwa anthu. Mfiti ndi mfiti makolo amene analinso ndi mphamvu zamatsenga, ndi agogo awo. Komabe, pali ena amene anavomereza kuti lamulo limeneli. Mwachitsanzo, Germiona Greyndzher anabadwa awiri Muggles (anthu opanda mphamvu zamatsenga), ndi mnansi kudutsa chipinda Harry Seamus Finnigan anabala mwana Muggle ndi mfiti Irish.

Koma nthawi zina mfiti ndi mfiti mabanja ndi ana popanda mphamvu zamatsenga, wotchedwa ndi squib. Awa anali Mwachitsanzo, akuona "Hogwarts" Argus Filch kapena mnansi Harry Arabella Figg. Monga mukuonera, matsenga malamulo a cholowa, koma zimene majini kufotokoza mfiti chifukwa ena amabadwira kapena mfiti, pamene ena alibe mphamvu zamatsenga?

Ndi funso anaganiza kuphunzira Eric SPAN - pulofesa wothandizira wa zamoyo pa University Duke ku North Carolina, amene anapangitsa msonkhano wa pa nkhani imeneyi.

majini recessive

Chibadwa angapereke mayankho a mafunso ambiri mu dziko zamatsenga za "Harry Muumbi", osati kokha kufotokoza matsenga ngwazi wake. Mwachitsanzo, tsitsi Weasley banja mwina koma kufotokozera chibadwa. tsitsi Red amayamba ndi kusintha mu MC1R mbewu. Komabe, ili ndi khalidwe recessive mwachitsanzo kumaonekera Koma ngati kumene kusintha chili mwa waika onse a DNA, umene anatengera mwana. Monga Arthur ndi Molli Uizli wofiira, ana awo adzalandira mabuku awiri a kusintha jini ndipo amabadwanso ndi tsitsi lofiira.

Komabe, zochitika yomaliza ya kanema otsiriza, "Harry Muumbi ndi imfa Hallows: Part 2", tikuona kuti Lily - wamng'ono wamkazi wa Harry ndi Ginny - tsitsi wofiira, ngakhale iwo akuda, Harry. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Harry anatengera buku la kusintha kwa mayi ake, amenenso anali wofiira, ndipo anachipereka icho kwa mwana wake wamkazi. Ngakhale kuti Harry analandira kwa mayi ake jini recessive tsitsi wofiira, iye anabadwa ndi tsitsi lakuda monga James bambo ake analibe kusintha zimenezi. Choncho, jini recessive akuwonetseredwa yekha mwana wamkazi wa Harry ndi Ginny.

majini lalikulu

Ndi matsenga jini komanso recessive, ngati momwe zinalili ndi tsitsi lofiira? Malinga utali, Hagrid - nkhalango mu "Hogwarts" - zikutsimikizira momveka kuti izo siziri. The Zimphona alibe mphamvu zamatsenga, ndi Hagrid anabadwa mu banja la mayi ndi chimphona mfiti bambo. Choncho, buku limodzi lokhali wa matsenga jini ya wadutsa kuchokera atate kwa iye, iye anali wamphamvu, osati recessive.

makhalidwe autosomal

Mwachitsanzo Zikuoneka kuti kunena chakuti mphamvu zamatsenga kugwirizana ndi Y-khromozomu, kuti ndi jini matsenga ayenera Adutsa DNA atate (akazi awiri X chromosome, pamene amuna ndi chimodzi X ndi Y- DNA). Komabe, Seamus Finnigan bambo anali Muggle ndi mayi ake anali mfiti, kotero mphamvu zake zamatsenga sangathe opatsirana kudzera Y-khromozomu. Malinga SPAN amachita autosomal luso zamatsenga, kuti si zokhudza makhalidwe kugonana. Choncho, tinganene kuti jini matsenga ndi autosomal ndi lalikulu.

mwachisawawa masinthidwe

Zingatanthauze kuti zonse ndi yosavuta, koma ngati banja akanakhoza kuoneka Muggle mfiti? Ngati izi ndi khalidwe lenileni, ndiye anachita matsenga Hermione, chifukwa iye anali mfiti woyamba m'banja? Hermione ndi chitsanzo cha kusintha kwa maselo de A Novo, lomwe limapezeka koyamba chifukwa kusintha dzira kapena umuna, kapena mkati mwa mwana wosabadwayo pambuyo umuna. Ndipo mtundu wa kusintha sizachilendo mu moyo weniweniwo.

Chotero masinthidwe mwachisawawa mwina koma kufotokozera momwe banja la mfiti awiri abadwe ndi squib. Ngati jini matsenga ntchito bwino, izo amalenga inayake mapuloteni. Fenotayipi, kapena makhalidwe ndikuoneka akuwuka kwa ntchito iyi ndi mphamvu zamatsenga. Koma ngati muli ndi kusintha izi jini (SPAN akufuna kuti iyo kusintha Squib), pali mtundu wina wa mapuloteni kuti kumasintha jini matsenga. Ngati DNA makolo amanyamula buku SQUIB kusintha, akhoza kuletsa mapuloteni zamatsenga zimene sadzalola mwana kukulitsa luso zamatsenga.

Mofananamo, asayansi tsopano akhoza kusintha chibadwa ntchentche, kunena za mpheto za makhalidwe chawo ambiri, osati majini zamatsenga, ankafotokoza Dr. chikhatho chimodzi.

Kodi Mzimuyo mphamvu ya amatsenga

Koma pali funso lina: chifukwa ena mfiti ndi mfiti amaonedwa lamphamvu kuposa ena? Kodi ife amalitchula yofanana munthu luso zamatsenga? Ndipo kaya akhoza kufotokoza sayansi? Akatswiri a sayansi amanena kwenikweni.

Taganizirani kuti pali mwana amene makolo ndi "mpira" kukula. The mwana adzalandira izo, koma izo sizitanthauza kuti izo bwinobwino kusewera mpira. Choncho, chibadwa sizitanthauza kuti mukhale ndi luso lapadera. Nzeru ndi mphamvu ya Hermione, komanso mphamvu za Weasley si amadalira chibadwa.

Pa mapeto a msonkhano wina wa ophunzira anafunsa Dr. SPAN pa kodi maganizo ake, ndi mphamvu ya iye adzatumiza "nyemba Chipewa". "Pa 100% mu" Slytherin, "kapena, ngati ine icho," Management "," - anati chikhatho chimodzi.