Teutoburg Forest: nkhondo ndi kugonjetsa magulu a asilikali achiroma wa ku Germany

Chiyambireni cha anthu anthu mowirikiza ankamenyana kwa mphamvu ndi chuma, dziko ndi munthu zokhumba za ndale. Koma mwa ambirimbiri nkhondo ang'ono ndi lalikulu ndi anthu amene osati kwakhudza mbiri ya anthu payekha, koma anasintha kwambiri vekitala wa chitukuko cha chitukuko.

Zikuphatikizapo kugonjetsedwa kwa asilikali a Roma mu Teutoburg Forest (9 AD. E.). Nkhondo imeneyi ali moyo imeneyi dzina la mtsogoleri wa fuko Cherusci - Arminia Bielefeld, umene uli kale zaka zoposa zikwi zitatu imatengedwa ngwazi mtundu wa anthu German.

nkhondo Background

Chiyambi cha Ine m'ma AD - ndi heyday Ufumu wa Roma, amene bwinobwino anagwira gawo latsopano, chogonjetsa mafuko ambiri ndi mayiko. Ndipo si monga mphamvu lankhondo la legionaries, komanso gulu la pa maiko linalanda okhwima boma mphamvu ndi bureaucracy.

The kuwagonjetsa ndi Kugonja kwa anthuwo ndipo chikumenyana mafuko German anali kwa Roma yovuta.

Mu ulamuliro wa Augustus Caesar mphamvu ya ufumu anayala ku gawo ku Rhine ku Elbe. Pali unakhazikitsidwa m'chigawo anacemerwa Germany, Rome kukhala kazembe ankaweruza milandu ndi anakwanitsa zochitika, ndi 5-6 mabungwe zinali zokwanira kuti akhazikitse bata.

kusintha zinthu

Bwanamkubwa, wanzeru ndi kutali akuthwa Setsiyu Saturinu, osati anakwanitsa muligonjetse kwambiri mafuko a Germany, komanso kudzatunga kumbali ya ufumu wa atsogoleri awo, amene zinkandisangalatsa chidwi cha mphamvu.

Komabe, malo kazembe Saturina anakwanitsa Popliyo Quinctilius Varus, amene anafika m'chigawo German la Syria, amene anali atazolowera ku pachinyezi moyo, servility ndi kulambira. Poganizira akomweko wowona, iye omwazika mabungwe awo Kumvetsela ku dziko ndipo anali kuganizira kwambiri za mndandanda wa msonkho. Zinali mfundo wake lalifupi woona zinachititsa kuti chakuti Teutoburg Forest anali kumanda osankhidwa asilikali zikwi Roma.

Zotsatira chosasamala a kazembe wa Roma

Var, osati powasamalira kusakhutira wa m'deralo, woyikidwa msonkho wokwera ndi malamulo a Roma zinthu zambiri mosemphana ndi chilamulo mwambo wa ku Germany, amene malamulo ankatengedwa wopatulika.

Kusafuna kutsatira lamulo kwa akunja kuponderezedwa mwankhanza. Ophwanya anaweruzidwira ku imfa ndi amanyansidwa kumasula a ku Germany chilango ndodo.

Pakadali pano mkwiyo ndi zionetsero wamba anali noticeable, makamaka atsogoleri a mafuko, kunyengerera moyo wapamwamba Roma, anali okhulupirika kwa kazembe ndi kukhazikitsa, ndi mphamvu wachifumu. Koma posakhalitsa kupirira kwawo zinatha.

Poyamba osati wa bungwe ndi mowiriza Zionetsero kutsogozedwa ndi mtsogoleri wofuna wa fuko Cherusci Arminius. Zinali umunthu chosiyana kwambiri. Mu ubwana wake, iye osati msilikali wa dziko la Aroma, komanso analandira udindo wa wokwera ndi nzika, monga kulimba mtima wolemekezeka ndi nzeru. Quinctilius zosiyanasiyana anali wotsimikiza mu kudzipereka, amene sanafune kuti akhulupirire uthenga wodzudzula yambiri ya mutiny pafupi. Komanso ankakonda Kudzadya ndi Arminius, amene anali conversationalist kwambiri.

Last ulendo Vara

Zimene zinachitika mu 9, pamene magulu a Varus limodzi ndi Teutoburg Forest, tingaphunzire kuchokera "Roma History" Dio. Pamene mbiri yakale amati dera limeneli inali penapake malire chapamwamba kwa mtsinje EMS, umene panthawi imeneyo ankatchedwa amizil.

m'dzinja Izi var kumanzere yotentha msasa wake momasuka ndi magulu atatu anapita kumbali ya Rhine. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, kazembe ankati kupanduka a kutali Germany fuko. Pa ena, mwachizolowezi Quinctilius Siyanitsani chabe achire wa asilikali kumpanda chisanu, kotero ntchitoyi anali limodzi ndi convoy lalikulu.

Asilikali achiroma anatenga nthawi anachedwa m'gulu lawo sikuti yodzaza ngolo, komanso anangotengeka m'dzinja mvula msewu. Kwa kanthawi, limodzi ndi detachment wa gulu lankhondo la Arminius, amene mwamva anafuna kutenga nawo mbali mu yimitsira la kupanduka kwake.

Teutoburg Forest: kugonjetsedwa kwa asilikali a Roma la Germany

Lolemera mvula ndi mitsinje, kutsanulira m'mitsinje, asilikali m'mudzimo mayunitsi osati wa bungwe. Izi ndipo anagwiritsa ntchito Arminius.

asilikali ake anasiyidwa ndi Aroma, osati kutali Weser anaukira anapha magulu otalikirana ochepa okha a legionaries. Pakali pano, mayunitsi mutu kale analowa Teutoburg Forest, anakumana chopinga mwadzidzidzi mitengo wagwa. Mwamsanga pamene iwo anaima iwo kuchokera m'nkhalango zowirira anaponyedwa mkondo, ndipo anabwerera asilikali German.

kumuukira anali zosayembekezereka, ndi magulu a asilikali achiroma sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbana mu nkhalango, kotero asilikali yekha nkhondo, koma mkulu wa Wara, amene adafuna kutuluka kupita panja, anapitiriza kusuntha.

Mu masiku awiri lotsatira, Aroma, amene anakwanitsa kusiya Teutoburg Forest kuwalitsa kuukira wosatha wa mdani, koma ngati chifukwa amalephera Vara kuti kanthu, kaya chifukwa zifukwa zingapo cholinga osati counterattacked. Iye anachita mbali ndi nyengo. Chifukwa cha mvula osaleka titanyowa ndi Roma zishango anali unfeasible ndithu, ndi mauta sanali oyenera kuwombera.

Kugonjetsedwa mu Derskom Gorge

Koma koipa anali kudza. Mapeto kwa protracted kumenya asilikali a Roma kuika nkhondo mu inamera wandiweyani nkhalango Derskom gorge. Ambiri asilikali German, ikukhuthukira pansi otsetsereka, nkhanza anawononga mkokomo legionaries mantha, ndi nkhondo inasanduka anthu ambirimbiri.

Aroma amafuna kuti zichoke gorge kubwerera ku chigwa zinalephereka - njira wotsekedwa ndi katundu wawo. Siyani chopukusira chimenechi apakavalo kazembe Chimeneas Numoniya. Pozindikira kuti nkhondo yosochera, molasidwa Quinctilius var anadzipha ndi kudziponyera yekha lupanga lake. Mwachitsanzo wake Pambuyo akuluakulu angapo.

Ochepa legionaries anapeza kuti abuluke m'khutu German msampha ndi kupita ku Rhine. Mbali yaikulu ya asilikali anawonongedwa, tsoka chomwecho anachitika akazi ndi ana amene ankapita ndi katundu.

Zotsatira za nkhondo

Zotsatira za nkhondo imeneyi sitingalephere kukambapo. Kugonjetsedwa kwa asilikali a Roma mu Teutoburg Forest ndi mantha Augustus kuti ngakhale anabalalitsa asilikali olondera-Germany ndipo analamula kutulutsa ku likulu la Gauls poopa kuti iwo akanati atsatire chitsanzo cha anansi awo a kumpoto.

Koma chinthu chachikulu si izo. Nkhondo ya Teutoburg Forest kutha kulanda Germany Roma. Patapita zaka zingapo Germanicus Kazembe anapanga kampeni atatu kudutsa Rhine pofuna kubisa mafuko opanduka. Koma anali, kani, kuchita kubwezera, osati wolungama ndale sitepe.

Mabungwe asanayendepo kuti pa German nthaka malinga okhazikika. Choncho, nkhondo ya Teutoburg Forest wasiya kufala kwa mokwiya Aroma kumpoto ndi kumpoto kum'mawa.

Pokumbukira nkhondo imeneyi, anatembenuka kalekale, mumzinda wa Detmold mu 1875, anamangidwira fano la Arminius mu mamita 53 mkulu.

Mufilimuyi "Herman Cherusci - Battle wa Teutoburg Forest"

Mbiri za nkhondo alemba mabuku ambiri, pakati pawo pali luso, mwachitsanzo, "Legionnaire" Luis Rivera. Ndipo mu 1967, filimu anawomberedwa pa ndafotokoza. Izi kumlingo wophiphiritsa chithunzi, chifukwa Co-opangidwa ku Germany (ndiye Germany West) ndi Italy. Kufunika kwa mgwirizano idzawonetsedwa Mukaganizira kuti Italy zoona, - wolowa ufumu wa Roma, ndipo mu Germany panthawi ya Fascism m'zonse zotama chigonjetso cha Arminius, amene anayesedwa ngwazi yadziko.

The chifukwa cha ntchito olowa anali wabwino kwambiri pamaso pa mbiri lodalirika film, lomwe limasonyeza Nkhondo ya Teutoburg Forest. Ndi wokongola kwa oonerera, osati ichi chokha, komanso masewera luso zisudzo monga Cameron Mitchell, Hans Von Borsod, Antonella Lualdi ndi ena. Komanso, ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri ndipo mwawo chithunzi ndi kuwombera zochitika zambiri nkhondo ndi oyenera kwabasi.