Strasbourg Cathedral ku France: mwachidule, maonekedwe, mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Goethe kuti "mtengo wa Mulungu anamukweza," ndipo Viktor Gyugo - ". Chimphona wachisomo chozizwitsa" achipongwe onsewa ndakatulo akufotokoza Cathedral Komiti - kumalire ndi Germany, France mzinda. Ziwiri mazana nyumba imeneyi inali yaitali kwambiri padziko lapansi. The spire a tchalitchi chikuoneka kutali kunja kwa Strasbourg. silhouette yolimbana ndi madzulo kumwamba aleyuschego ndi chizindikiro cha mzinda. The spire kumaoneka ngakhale ku mbali ina ya Rhine, imene imagwiritsidwa malire ano. Choncho, Strasbourg Cathedral ku Germany kuganizira awo (amaganizira mbiri ya Alsace ndi Lorraine). mpingo uwu ndi otchuka komanso yokongola nthawi yomweyo. Ngakhale mu zaka za, nthawi ya nyumba zosanja zitalizitali, Notre Dame, Strasbourg, n'chinthu chofunikira chimodzi mu dziko malinga ndi kutalika kwa kachisi. Ndipo amasunga motsogoleredwa ndi dongosolo lalikulu kwambiri ichi thanthwe sakhalitsa ngati sandstone. Tiyeni ndiulendo pafupifupi wa mpingo wapadera Gothic.

Momwe kuti Strasbourg Cathedral

Pezani yomanga imeneyi n'zosavuta - pa 142 mita mkulu nsanja limaonekera kuchokera kutali. Koma likulu la Strasbourg, anamanga pa chilumba atazunguliridwa ndi mtsinje Ile. Wandiweyani theka timbered nyumba ndi chinsalucho itsike mpaka m'munsi makonde pamodzi ndi yopapatiza akale misewu review pafupi. Pali zambiri zokopa chidwi kuti agwirizane ndi chiyani timaiwala pamene anafuna kubwera. Strasbourg Cathedral Mwadzidzidzi mu ulemerero wake onse pakhonde yopapatiza ya msewu Mercier. Iwo akhoza anafika ndi ankawoloka mlatho pa Vieux Marche aux Poisson (pafupi zakale Museum). Ndipo pa mfundo imeneyi ndi mphukira. Ngati inu poyandikira, zidutswa yekha wa pamakoma akhoza kulembedwa, koma osati chimphona-wokongola mu uthunthu wake. Mwa njira, kumanja m'misewu Mercier ndi wakale theka timbered nyumba Kammerzell (XV cent.), Chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli matabwa - tsopano pali lalikulu ogulitsa mphatso.

Cathedral Komiti: History

Modern Alsace kamodzi anali mbali ya lalikulu Roma. Choncho palibe zodabwitsa mu chakuti mu mtima wa Pamudzi Gallic Argentoratum panayima m'kachisi wachikunja. Patapita Strasbourg Dzina limeneli mphatso mawu awiri German: "Strasse" - msewu ndi "burg" - nyumba yachifumu kapena mudzi walinga. Pamene Chikhristu chinayamba chipembedzo lalikulu, kachisi wachikunja anawonongedwa, ndipo anayamba kumanga mpingo mu malo ake. Za zikwizikwi za anthu a "Cities panjira" anawonjezeranso kuti panafunika anthu Cathedral lapansi. Mwala koyamba pomanga Bishop Verner Gabsburgsky mu 1015. Kumene, pa wamba zinali lililonse Romanesque tchalitchi. A moto mu 1176 anawononga denga matabwa ndi simenti chapamwamba. Choncho, anaganiza kuti amange chachikulu cha mwala. Iwo anabweretsedwa kuchokera m'mapiri a kufupi - Vosges. Sandstone ali zodabwitsa katundu kudzawala pinki madzulo kapena dzuwa.

Strasbourg Cathedral (France) ndi zachabechabe Episcopal

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chitatu iwo anali mmaonekedwe Gothic. Western m'mizinda ya ku Ulaya mpikisano pakati pawo amene adzamange Kumwambamwamba, lalikulu ndi wokongola nyumba ya Mulungu. The Bishop wa Strasbourg anali kundivutitsa n'kukhutira Basel, Ulm ndi Cologne anzake. Choncho, sanalekerere ndalama kulemba yapamwamba kwambiri (ndi kwambiri analipira) mapulani kumanga tchalitchi wake. Ndithudi, iye sanayembekezere mapeto a ntchito ndipo ndinaona chilengedwe zazikulu. Atamwalira bishopu analipira boma nyumba - nthumwi ndi nzika wamba. Ndipo kotero izo zinachitika kuti kum'mawa ndi kum'mwera makonde, komanso kwayala anachita mu kalembedwe Romanesque, ndi mbali ya kumadzulo ya nsanja kumpoto - Gothic. Mwa njira, dongosolo envisaged kumanga umodzi ake, kum'mwera, spire. Koma kwa iye, mzinda analibe nthawi yokwanira. Asymmetric kapangidwe Ikuonetsanso lapadera. A 142-mita-mkulu kumpoto nsanja inatha yekha mu 1439.

The wapakamwa kumadzulo

Osati mofulumira kupita mkati. Chimodzimodzi mwambo alendo onse ndi unhurried ndi woganiza ulendo wa nyumba zikuluzikulu. Strasbourg Cathedral ku France anatchuka chifukwa wapakamwa la kumadzulo. Izi ndi lodabwitsa woona wa High Gothic. Chimodzi mwa mapulani anali Erwin Von Steinbach. Iye mu 1284 ndipo anakamba wapakamwa kumadzulo, ndi masauzande a ziboliboli ndi kaso zenera-Rosette. Pamene ndalama kwa pomanga sikunali kokwanira, wazomangamanga agulitsa kavalo wake ndipo anapereka ndalama zofunikira. M'nthawi ya chinayi anali mmisiri wamkulu Ulrich Von Ensingen, mlengi wa pa tchalitchi mu Ulm. A wotchuka North Tower anamaliza Johann Hulttsem - Cologne mbuye. Zikwi ziboliboli mwala ndi zodzikongoletsera kuti akakometsere wapakamwa kumadzulo kwa Strasbourg Cathedral, m'gulu mabuku onse akale Gothic. Zodabwitsa othimbirira galasi ndi bwino kuyang'ana mkati. Iwo m'masiku otsiriza nkhondo World Anazi anachotsa, koma kenako boma la Germany anabwerera pamodzi ndi zopeta ndi kubedwa ndi zojambula.

Wapakamwa kum'mwera adutsa

The Strasbourg tchalitchi nthandala kuzilambalala kwathunthu. Imathandiza chisamaliro osati wamtali spire ndi mafano molemera kukongoletsa kumadzulo wapakamwa. Kumwera adutsa kuti athandizira ndilo chidwi kwambiri. Iwo chokongoletsedwa ndi chimodzimodzi wotchuka sculptural gulu "Mpingo ndi Sunagoge." Mu nthawi ya la nkhondo zomenyera motsutsa Albigenses nkhani imeneyi kusintha malamulo monga Roma waupapa nkhondo ndi zikhulupiriro dissident Mkhristu. Gargoyles, antchito mvula m'ngalande, monga ngati kunena kuti: ". Kunja Mpingo wa Katolika palibe chipulumutso" The wapakamwa Gothic pa zipata patatu pakhomo chachikulu, tikuona zochitika za kulambira Amagi. Pali chosema a aneneri m'Chipangano Chakale ndi Martyrs Chatsopano. Chiwerengerochi chongoyerekezera akamachita uchimo ndi ukoma.

zokopa mkati

Tsopano kulowa mkati tchalitchi, makamaka popeza pakhomo ndi kwaulere. Strasbourg Cathedral akupitiriza kugwira ntchito zake za kachisi alipo, zimenezi pa utumiki pakhomo ali womangika kwa alendo. Mkati mpingo chokongoletsedwa ndi chimodzimodzi wapamwamba kuposa kunja. Good kubwera kuno, ntsiku ya dzuwa - ndiye othimbirira galasi mazenera kuyang'ana makamaka chidwi. Kodi si kuphonya mu Strasbourg tchalitchi? Izi wosasintha ubatizo olengedwa m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi ziboliboli Dottsingerom. Samalani zopeta, ndi zojambula pa mitu achipembedzo, wakale limba. Kwambiri wokongola guwa chokongoletsedwa ndi zifaniziro ambiri otsata wodula Hans Hammer. Komabe ndikofunikira kuyang'ana malire a ku St. Lawrence ndi kuwona chithunzi cha Nikolya Redera (mu transept kumpoto).

nsanja

Onetsetsani kuti mukwere spire, amene korona ndi Strasbourg Cathedral. Strasbourg ndi zimene ananena nsanja - pa Mwachidule. Komanso, mungaganizire ena ziboliboli ndi gargoyles pafupi. Ngati n'kovuta kukwera yopapatiza mwauzimu staircase, kumbukirani: magawo awa anagonjetsa Goethe ndi Stendhal. Ndiyeno iwowa anatero tsiku lililonse, mpaka iye anaphunzira pa yunivesite ya Strasbourg. Choncho adachira ndi chonama cha pamwamba. spire mpaka m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu (pamene anamaliza Cologne Cathedral) anakhalabe kapangidwe kwambiri. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pa nthawi ya French kuukira boma adzaononga belu nsanja. Zimamveka kuti iye angaimbidwenso mfundo ofanana. Koma m'deralo akometsera ake kapu Frugiya (chizindikiro cha ufulu), ndi mphamvu ya boma maganizo inajambulidwa. Khomo nsanja lolipiridwa mayuro 4.5 kuti munthu wamkulu ndi 2.5 - ana ndi ophunzira.

zakuthambo koloko

Ngati inu kugula tikiti ku North Tower, mukhoza kukaona zomera ndi kupita gawo kumtunda kwa tchalitchi yonse. Izi adzakupatsani mwayi wapadera tione pafupi ndi wokongola papezeka galasi Gothic Rosette. Koma mu kachisi, pali kukopa wina analipira alendo. Izi wotchi zakuthambo wa Strasbourg Cathedral. The chronometer wachitatu akweza ndi kuika mu 1832. Pamaso pake zakuthambo ntchito wotchi anatumikira mokhulupirika mzinda kuchokera 1574. Chowonera woyamba amatchedwa 1353 Kodi ndi chidwi penyani Strasbourg Cathedral? Zovuta limagwirira zikusonyeza zili m'njira ya Dziko Lapansi ndi Moon, komanso onse amene akudziwika pa nthawi ya mapulaneti. Komanso, pa usiku Chaka Chatsopano wotchi zimapangitsa kusintha kotheratu ndi kusonyeza deti limene pripadaet "akuyandama" maholide Catholic (Isitala, Ascension, Pentekoste). Zida limagwirira, yomwe imazungulira pang'onopang'ono, ndi udindo adziwe kuti dziko lapansi olamulira precession. NDIDZAKHALA kukhota zonse (kupatula, ndithudi, adzapulumuka chronometer) kwa zaka twente-faifi zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu zana.

zochitika

Strasbourg Cathedral nthawi zatenganso mbali yaikulu pa moyo wa mzinda. Apa, osati ndi chipembedzo. Lamlungu, m'mawa, mu tchalitchi, inu angamvetsere Gregory Chapel. Nthawi zambiri pali bungwe limba zoimbaimba, kutanthauza kuti anayenera akale, kukongoletsa chida. Makamaka zabwino kubwera kwa Strasbourg m'chilimwe. Choyamba, nyengo abwino koyenda ndipo kusambira kupyolera mu njira pa bwato. iwonso zimadutsa pa nyengo yozizira, koma pamwamba pa iwo Khoma. Monga bonasi kwa anchito, chilimwe alendo kuwona pamaso wokongola. Maulo pa lalikulu oyenelela zoimbaimba zosiyanasiyana kutsogolo kwa tchalitchi. A zambiri spotlights pounikira mpanda wa nyumba zazikulu nyimbo, chifukwa zikuoneka kuti fano ndi moyo pamakoma a.

Mzinda ndi zokonda zake

Strasbourg Cathedral ndi mtundu wa lalikulu. Koma zokopa za mzinda alendo osati wotopa. Kumene, kuyamba wodziwa Strasbourg ayenera kukhala ndi tchalitchi chake. ndemanga makamaka akulimbikitsidwa musakhale aulesi ndi kukwera nsanja. Izi adzakupatsani inu chizindikiro zithunzi malo a mzinda, kutanthauza kuti inu mukhoza kulenga njira kwa maulendo zina. Muyenera kukaona Bishop yachifumu, kotala "tating'ono France" Alsace Museum. Musaiwale kuti lili Strasbourg ndi Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu. Si nyumba zatsopano mu mzindawo, ndipo ndi bwino kuti pa sitima ya. Reviews la alendo ndi mpofunikila, kaya nyengo, bwato ulendo ulendo kupyolera mu njira ya mtsinje Ile ndi zipata zawo zosiyanasiyana.