Sitiroko: zizindikiro ndi zotsatira zake. Zizindikiro zazikulu za sitiroko ndi microstroke

Pachimake sitiroko wawuka kufalitsa oziziritsa, chifukwa mu pang'ono kapena kwathunthu kugwira magazi m'madera yeniyeni ubongo. Chotero chikhalidwe kumabweretsa kuwonongeka minofu, kumene kumachitika chifukwa imfa awo magwiridwe. Mu nkhani ya monyanyira kwambiri ntchito ubongo kungakhale zotsatira sizingasinthe kuti thanzi la munthu, kutsogolera osati kuti kulumala wake, komanso oopsa.

Limagwirira a matenda

Malinga ndi chitukuko cha limagwirira ndi zimayambitsa matenda kusiyanitsa zikwapu ischemic ndi hemorrhagic. Hemorrhagic sitiroko, zizindikiro za zomwe kukula mwadzidzidzi ukapezeka chifukwa cha kukha mwazi muubongo. Yaitali BP kumabweretsa kusintha tizilombo m'makoma chotengera, iwo anataya mphamvu zawo ndi elasticity, sangathenso mokwanira ntchito ngati njira ya kwa nthawi zonse mwangofikira magazi buku. Aneurysms zikuoneka kuti pambuyo yopuma akhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kukha magazi. Mwadzidzidzi magazi mtsinje wafala ubongo minofu, kuchititsa edema, ndi kuthamanga pa iwo. Maselo kufa, kutaya magwiridwe awo.

A wamba ndi pafupifupi 80% ya milandu onse a sitiroko ischemic. Zizindikiro Zizindikiro choyamba ayenera kuzindikiridwa mwamsanga. Development limagwirira a sitiroko ischemic ndi osiyana ndi zimene zimayambitsa hemorrhagic. Ischemic mtundu wa matenda zikadzatha kutha kwa magazi m'madera ena ubongo. Chotero chikhalidwe amachititsa blockage wa thrombus mtima kapena atherosclerotic zolengeza. Ndi kupita kwa nthaŵi pa makoma a zotengera za thupi kuoneka madipoziti zamadzimadzi kuti akhoza kupanga thickening lalikulu, pang'ono kapena kwathunthu toyalana m'magazi. Komanso, kuyambitsa vasoconstriction zosiyanasiyana matenda yotupa, kuvutika kobadwa nako, matenda ena okhalitsa monga nthenda ya shuga, kuwonongeka vertebral. Thupi la munthu liri ndi mphamvu dongosolo compensatory kuti amalola kukhala yachibadwa magazi, ngakhale pa nkhani ya kuwonongedwa kwa akuluakulu thunthu mtsempha wamagazi. Pa nthawi yomweyo kupirira zotupa angapo Mitsempha ndi mapangidwe ambiri mipukutuyi atherosclerotic mitsempha ya magazi sangakhoze.

Zina mwa zifukwa

Pali zina zothandizira nthendayi kuti azitaya onse zikwapu ischemic ndi hemorrhagic. Njirazi ndi monga:

1. Atherosclerosis. Makamaka oopsa ndi matenda mu ulemu wa carotid ndi mitsempha vertebral.
2. Achikulire zaka. C kutaya magwiridwe awo pa nthawi zimakhala thupi. Zimenezi zikugwira ntchito kwa ziwiya. Komanso, pa zipupa za kudziunjikira madipoziti zambiri atherosclerotic zamadzimadzi, zikubweretsa mapangidwe mipukutuyi.
3. Oopsa. chikhalidwe ichi kumabweretsa kukula kwa onse ischemic ndi hemorrhagic mawonekedwe a matenda.
4. Shuga. Mu zochita za ichi m'zotengera matenda aakulu anawonongedwa ndipo salinso kukwaniritsa ntchito zawo za zimakhala ndi ziwalo za kotunga mpweya ndi chakudya, ofala kudzera m'magazi.
5. Matenda a mtima, chifukwa mu akusokoneza ndondomeko wabwinobwino wa magazi ziwalo zosiyana ndi zimakhala.
6. makhalidwe oipa monga kusuta fodya ndi mowa.

The mitundu ndi nyengo sitiroko ischemic

Ischemic ubongo sitiroko, zizindikiro za nthawi zina kukula kwa masiku 3, akhoza wachinsinsi monga muyezo zosiyanasiyana:

Monga mwa mayendedwe a mapangidwe zizindikiro ubongo:

1. Chosakhalitsa ischemic kuukira - matenda a ubongo amene amanyamula khalidwe focal. Izo Mwamsanga masana kuyambira mawonetseredwe choyamba. Choncho matenda angakhale Mwachitsanzo, khungu diso limodzi.
2. Microinsult akuimira akonzedwa kuukira yaitali wotenga ischemic. Pankhaniyi, kupunduka ubongo zimachitika masiku 2 mpaka 22.
3. Progressive sitiroko. Zizindikiro Zizindikiro adzawonekera kukula kwa matenda a ubongo kwa masiku angapo. Pambuyo boma ngati ntchito yachibadwa mbali zowonongeka ubongo kwathunthu kubwezeretsedwa yosowa kwambiri.

sitiroko Anamaliza amakhala ndi mungachitepo zonse ubongo ndi matenda kulimbikira ubongo.

Malinga ndi digiri ya minofu kuwonongeka ndi odwala amadziŵika:

1. Sitiroko ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono utabwezeretsedwa kwathunthu ubongo.
2. Sitiroko zolimbitsa mwamphamvu ndi predominance a zotupa focal a minofu ubongo ndi zofunika kwambiri ubongo kuwonongeka. Ubongo odwala awa zambiri osati makutu.
3. Aakulu sitiroko mawonekedwe amakhala ndi kuwonongeka kwa chikumbumtima, matenda a kuchepekedwa ubongo, Mipikisano magwiridwe a imfa ubongo minofu.

Kutalikirana monga nthawi zosiyana za matenda. Aliyense wa intervals izi nthawi zizigwirizana zizindikiro zina matenda ndi njira mankhwala.

• The nyengo pachimake chimakwirira woyamba masiku atatu isanayambike matenda;
• pachimake gawo matenda kumatenga pafupifupi mwezi - masiku 28;
• Pa kuchira oyambirira mu moyo wa wodwalayo limatenga 6 miyezi;
• ayambe mochedwa akupitiriza kwa zaka pafupifupi ziwiri;
• Zotsatira yotsalira akhale anzake a munthu onse a moyo pambuyo sitiroko.

Hemorrhagic Sitiroko: Zizindikiro

Hemorrhagic matenda mtundu, mosiyana ischemic, Mwadzidzidzi. Zizindikiro za matenda opha ziwalo microstroke akutukuka mofulumira ndipo palibe nthawi zambiri itanani ambulansi ndi kupeza munthu kuti n'zofunika. Makhalidwe waukulu hemorrhagic sitiroko monga:

• Kufooka mwa malekezero, makamaka akuwonetseredwa mbali imodzi ya thupi;
• kumvetsa osauka wa kulankhula, amalephera kulankhula;
• mwadzidzidzi kusawona bwino;
• ataxia, wachisokonezo kayendedwe ka miyendo;
• mwadzidzidzi anaonekera amphamvu ndi wopanda nzeru mutu.

Nthawi zambiri zinachitikira mtima musanaganizire pokodza, kunyansidwa ndi kusanza. Minofu bongo linaphwanya mbali mosiyana imene extravasation kwachitika.

Zizindikiro za sitiroko ischemic

Zizindikiro za sitiroko ischemic achuluke pang'onopang'ono ndipo mwadzidzidzi monga mwa mawonekedwe a matenda hemorrhagic. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za sitiroko mumadalira pa malo a ubongo, wa magazi imene kunali kovuta. Mtundu ambiri matenda ischemic kuwawonetsera lokhudza kulankhula. Zizindikiro zonse ndi sitiroko zazing'ono sitiroko zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu:

1. Kulankhula matenda. Man zoipa amaona mawu wopita kwa iye, sangathe kufotokoza maganizo awo. Katchulidwe worsens, mawu mtima ndi zovuta kuzimvetsa ndi incoherent. Nthawi zambiri lokhudza kulankhula - izi ndi zizindikiro loyamba sitiroko mu akazi.
2. Movement matenda. Movement wa wodwalayo ofooka, kuyenda bwinobwino. Symptomatology amakhudza makamaka mbali ina ya thupi. Pangakhale mavuto ndi kumeza. tilinazo thupi akawinduka nthawi zambiri ndi dzanja limodzi.
3. matenda Vestibular. Wodwala anadandaula za kasinthasintha wa zinthu mu pamaso imfa lathu okhudza malo.
4. Zooneka kuwonongeka. Pakuti sitiroko ischemic amakhala ndi imfa tsankho kapena wathunthu wa masomphenya diso limodzi, anangotengeka ndi kusawona bwino.
5. Umunthu matenda. Wodwalayo sangathe kugwira ntchito mwa nthawi zonse, waphwanya kukumbukira ndi maganizo a zochitika.

Pa sitiroko ischemic amapezeka pafupipafupi mutu, nseru, kusanza. Pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zosonyeza sitiroko ndi mtima - ankatenthetsa nkhope, disruptions kupuma, mofulumira kugunda kwa mtima.

diagnostics

Kusunga moyo ndi thanzi la munthu amene sitiroko, ayenera mwamsanga kuthandiza. Apo ayi mu minofu ubongo kumachitika inasinthiratu entailing aakulu matenda a ubongo. Choncho ndikofunika kudziwa zimene zizindikiro za matenda opha ziwalo chithandizo. Ngati pali kukayika kulikonse, mukhoza kufunsa wodwalayo kuti zochita ochepa:

1. Funsani munthuyo kumwetulira. Izo kwa amene sitiroko, n'zovuta. Kumwetulira analandira skewed, pakamwa ngodya ndi asymmetrical. Mmodzi wa iwo amakankhidwa.
2. Kupereka munthu kukweza manja onse. Ngati pali sitiroko, dzanja limodzi otsatirawa imasiya ena.
3. Afunseni wodwala kunena mawu osavuta. Munthu kudzakhala kovuta kutero, ngakhale malingaliro a mawu atatu kapena anayi adzakhala sakukhudzidwa.
4. Ngati wodwala amatulutsa chinenerochi, adzakhala ankatembenukira ku mbali imodzi, ndi skewed.

Zonsezi - zizindikiro za matenda opha zazing'ono sitiroko, sipangakhalenso amaganiziridwa matenda, ngakhale munthu amene alibe kanthu kochita ndi mankhwala. Madokotala anandipeza zochokera pamaso pa matenda a ubongo, kuvutika za khalidwe la anthu, ndi maphunziro osiyanasiyana. The mitima ndi mayesero ambiri ndi amuzolengedwa magazi, magazi muyeso kuthamanga, kompyuta ndi maginito kulingalira ubongo.

choyamba-chithandizo

m'munda wa akatswiri neurosurgery kukhulupirira kuti kudza kwa munthu amene sitiroko, moyo wabwinobwino ngati n'kotheka, ngati chithandizo wayamba kukhala palibe pasanafike 3 maola kuchokera isanayambike matenda, kuti ndi nthawi pamene zizindikiro woyamba ndi sitiroko ndi sitiroko zazing'ono. Nthawi zina, nthawi imeneyi kumawonjezera maola 6. Ngati chithandizo ndi mochedwa, zikuoneka inasinthiratu mu ubongo zingaononge osati thanzi komanso moyo wa wodwalayo. Choncho, chisamaliro chachangu ozungulira munthu mu mkhalidwe sitiroko ayenera kuyamba ndi muyitano ambulansi ndi. Ndiye inu mukhoza kuika mtima, kukweza mutu wake waung'ono atatsamira pilo. Iwo ayenera kutsegula zenera kupereka mwayi kwa mpweya wabwino. M'pofunika kumasuka ndi malamba zosiyanasiyana ndi mabatani, kumathandiza munthu kupuma. Pankhani ya magazi kuwonjezeka kuthamanga adzapelekedwa kwa wodwalayo mankhwala amenewo, iye amatenga. Nthawi zambiri pa sitiroko munthu kuyamba kusanza. Pankhaniyi, ayenera kuthiridwa mbali imodzi kupewa masanzi mu mmero wake.

chisamaliro sitiroko

Chipatala kasamalidwe sitiroko zimadalira nthawi yadutsa kuyambira kumayambiliro a matenda, wodwalayo kwakukulu ndi nkhondo. Ntchito mankhwala ndi njira opaleshoni. Ngati pa isanayambike sitiroko siyinali yaitali kutumikiridwa mankhwala wapadera kuti kupasuka aumirira. Angagwiritsidwenso opaleshoni yochotsa. Pankhani ya hemorrhagic sitiroko chifukwa cha kukha mwazi muubongo ndi hematoma mapangidwe, yotsirizira tisatongwa kuchotsedwa. zonsezi n'zotheka kuti msanga kubwezeretsa magazi mu zinkakhala m'dera ndi kuchepetsa mavuto zotheka. sitiroko mankhwala komanso ndi kuonetsetsa ntchito yofunika kuti atayika chifukwa cha nkhondo. M'pofunika kukhala kugunda wodwalayo ndi kupuma, kupereka milingo wabwinobwino shuga ndi electrolytes m'magazi. Kukonzekera mwapadera magazi tikonze. mlingo wake yatsala pang'ono apamwamba, monga chikucheperachepera zikhoza necrosis.

Nthawi ya kuchira amachitira chikusintha chithandizo cha ntchito ubongo, malipiro a matenda a ubongo. Zizindikiro zawo pambuyo sitiroko akhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Odwala Kwalamulidwa mankhwala kuti kusintha magazi. Big udindo thupi mankhwala, makalasi lolankhula. Ngati alili amalola, osachepera zolimbitsa thupi akhoza anayamba m'masiku oyambirira pambuyo chikuonetseratu. The kale inu kuyamba kukhazikitsa chithandizo, wamkulu mwayi kuchira pazipita ubongo. Wodwala kwenikweni pamafunika kuonerera ndi maso ndi.

Zotsatira za matendawa

Pa mayesero onsewa akhale mavuto osiyana munthu amene sitiroko. zizindikiro ndi zotsatira yodziwika osati kuopsa kwa matenda palokha, komanso nthawi imene chotonthoza munthu woyamba, komanso kutanthauzira kwa kuphwanya makope anapereka. The owopsa tsinde sitiroko, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa kupuma ndi vasomotor malo. Pankhaniyi, pali kuthekera kwa imfa chifukwa cha kumangidwa mtima kapena kutha kwa ntchito kupuma. Odwala kukumana ndi lathunthu kapena tsankho paresis wa miyendo payekha kapena onse a mbali ina ya thupi, nthawi zambiri zosiyana foci. Kugawira kulankhula zipolowe, kuiwala, kuphatikizapo kupezeka mavuto kukumbukira yochepa. Sangathe kulemba bwino ndi agwirire kayendedwe. Nthawi zambiri kuphwanya ichi kugwirizana ndi sitiroko, kunachitika cerebellum lapansi.

imakhudzira zotsatira sitiroko amatipatsanso kuti ubongo kuonongeka. Anthu ndi magazi aziyenda bwino mu Chigawo cha kumanzere zowawa kusintha kwambiri kutchulidwa mu zizindikiro psycho-maganizo. Ali ndi vuto lalikulu ndi mawu kubwezeretsa. Kumvetsa gwero lake, iwo sangathe ngakhale kunena ndimavutika. Pa yomweyo sitiroko isanafalikire mu Chigawo cha kumanzere mofulumira anabwezeretsedwa galimoto ntchito.

sitiroko Kuteteza

kupewa sitiroko kumagwirizana ndi polimbana atherosclerosis. M'pofunika kumaona magazi mafuta, zakudya zotchulidwa dokotala anu, kumwa mankhwala, yopewera mafunsidwe a zolengeza pa Mitsempha. tcheru kwambiri banjalo akhale anthu achikulire kuposa zaka 50. Sitiroko, amachititsa wodwalayo amene unakambidwanso mogwirizana ndi kulemera owonjezera kungayambitse kusinthasintha magazi kuthamanga ndi maonekedwe a shuga. Kuchepetsa kufala kwa matenda angathandize kusiya kusuta fodya ndi mowa kumwa. Pansi pa ulamuliro wapadera kusunga matenda, zikubweretsa mapangidwe thromboses. Amphamvu theka la anthu ali pa chiopsezo chachikulu sitiroko kuposa akazi. Choncho, zizindikiro za matenda opha ziwalo za amuna, ngakhale kuti silinatchulidwe, sitingakane. Moyo kalembedwe, chidwi chawo kasamalidwe thanzi ndi nkhawa kwambiri kuchepetsa kufala kwa matenda opha ziwalo.