Seeded zipatso ndi polyspermous. Seeded zipatso ndi chiyani?

Zochitika zawo chuma munthu amagwiritsa ndendende zipatso za zomera. mapichesi yowutsa mudyo, strawberries onunkhira, kucha tomato, peyala zosowa - aliyense kusankha chakudya chokoma kulawa. Koma ngakhale zosiyanasiyana chogunda, zipatso zonse Mbali wamba structural. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi chipatso chake?

Zipatso - ndi maluwa kusinthidwa. Zikuoneka pambuyo ndondomeko kubereketsa zomera ndiponso umuna. Zipatso anapanga okha chifukwa cha duwa maluwa. Choncho, iwo akhoza kudzitama yekha maluwa (angiosperms), oimira ufumu mbewu. Ngakhale spore apamwamba kapena gymnosperms musati pachimake, motero mulibe kupanga zipatso.

Imafotokoza kuti munthu amene anapezeka ndi fern maluwa, okutidwa ndi katundu zamatsenga. Koma asayansi yaitali anapeza kuti n'ngopatsirana zomera musati kupanga maluwa.

The olakwika chachiwiri n'chakuti cones - zipatso za conifers. Zomera refutes kopanda ichi. Gymnosperms conifers musati pachimake, choncho sangathe kupanga zipatso. Cones wa spruce ndi paini mitengo - izi ndi chabe kusinthidwa wa athawe. Kagulu "zipatso" mlombwa asayansi kuitana shishkoyagody komanso tione kusinthidwa wa athawe.

kapangidwe

Nthawi zambiri, ambiri a zipatso amatenga pericarp ozungulira mbewu. dzina lake chachiwiri - ndi pericarp, amene anawamasulira kuchokera ku njira Greek "padziko mwana wosabadwayo." Kapangidwe ka mbewu zonse imakhala zigawo zitatu: lakunja, pakati komanso mkati. Wosanjikiza akunja amatiteteza motsutsana kuwonongeka makina. Choncho, kapena leathery, kapena cholimba kwambiri. Pofuna kukopa nyama, amene kugawa mbewu zikachitika, wosanjikiza izi kawirikawiri yosiyanasiyana yowala kwambiri. Wosanjikiza pakati ndi madzi ndi zakudya ofunikira chitetezo ndi mbewu. The M'kati zina amateteza mbewu. Mwachitsanzo, maula leathery kunja wosanjikiza minofu sing'anga. A m'banja ankaimira fupa. Mu dongosolo apulo ndi ofanana ndi zigawo lakunja, ndipo mkati pali makamera filmy, imene mbewu ili.

Pericarp aumbike makamaka chifukwa pakhoma n'kuwasanganiza (chitumbuwa, maula). Nthawizina maphunziro ake ndi kutenga nawo mbali m'madera ena duwa: cholandirira, m'munsi mwa stamens, sepals, pamakhala.

Mkati mankhusu ndi mbewu akufotokozera pambuyo umuna wa ovule lapansi.

Pericarp kumateteza nyemba zinthu zoipa, kuteteza motsutsana kuwonongeka ndi kutentha makina kusintha. Ndi chifukwa cha zipatso za zomera maluwa ndi pamalo lalikulu m'dziko mbewu. Chifukwa mbewu zawo bwino kutetezedwa ndi kuzizira, ndipo gwero la chakudya pa mapangidwe nyongolosi lapansi. Zimenezi zimawachititsa mwayi kwambiri pa spore ndi gymnosperms, spores ndi mbewu zomwe sizikutetezedwa ndi chilichonse.

Gawo

Gulu la ofufuza zipatso systematics anaika zizindikiro zingapo. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka pericarp ndi, zauma ndi yowutsa mudyo.

Odrevesnevevshy kapena leathery pericarp youma zipatso lili pang'ono madzi. Ndipo pano pa yowutsa mudyo M'malo mwake, ndi minofu ndi lili kwambiri zakudya.

Malinga ndi nambala ya mbeu olekanitsidwa zipatso pip ndi polyspermous. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa iwo ndi lophweka. Kodi seeded zipatso ndi mbewu imodzi, monga maula kapena chitumbuwa. Nandolo, mpendadzuwa, poppy mawonekedwe polyspermous zipatso. Monga dzina lake likunenera, iwo ali mbewu zambiri.

Kuchokera maluwa ndi pistil wina anapanga zipatso munthu wophweka. Ngati NYENJE angapo maluwa, aumbike ndi chiwerengero lolingana wa fruitlets yaing'ono. Pamodzi kupanga zovuta kapena msonkhano, monga rasipiberi kapena zakuda.

mtundu wina ndi zimayambira. Kodi n'chiyani? Iwo anapanga ndi kusakaniza pamodzi zipatso payekha. Mu chikhalidwe, angapezeke mu mabulosi kapena chinanazi.

zipatso pip

Zipatso ndi mbewu imodzi zimakhala zokoma ndi youma. Chimodzi-seeded zipatso youma ndi inafalitsidwa mu chirengedwe. Iwo ndi yofunika kwambiri chuma. Mwachitsanzo, khofi - chipatso cha mtengo khofi - ntchito kupanga zonunkhira kumwa otentha. Zipatso thundu zipatso zokwana ali olemera mu wowuma. Iwo ntchito monga chakudya nyama. Seeded zipatso ndi amondi - flavored mtedza sheya kulawa.

Yowutsa mudyo pip zipatso amene sakudziwa nyama azichitira ndi anthu. Cherry, pichesi, apurikoti, maula - yowutsa mudyo ndi okoma kukoma iwo bwino kwa aliyense.

Chimodzi-seeded zipatso youma

Mu dzinthu pericarp mwamphamvu zinaphatikizidwa ndi odula mbewu. Choncho caryopsis zambiri amatchedwa mbewu. Zitsanzo za mitengo imeneyi ndi Mapila, rye, tirigu, chimanga, nthenga.

Achene wa mbewu ndi osiyana mu pericarp ake si zinaphatikizidwa ndi odula mbewu. zipatso ndi asters, chrysanthemums ndi mpendadzuwa.

Kuti tipeze zomwe zipatso ndi mbewu imodzi, ndipo mukhoza kupeza bwino kapangidwe ka lionfish lapansi. pericarp ake umasanduka tsamba ngati mapiko ndi kugawira mbewu za phulusa, birch, linden ndi Elm ndi mphepo.

Seeded zipatso ndi mtedza. Iye odrevesnevevshy pericarp. Nzosadabwitsa anthu ena yerekezerani iye, akuitana mtedza lolimba osokoneza.

Pip zipatso yowutsa mudyo

Ndi kapangidwe ka zipatso yowutsa mudyo angapezeke mu chitsanzo cha drupes, amene anasonyeza bwinobwino zigawo zonse zitatu. Iwo ali leathery ekzokarpy, minofu mesocarp ndi endocarp zake, kupanga fupa. Yowutsa mudyo drupes pip zipatso mkati fupa muli mbewu.

Ngakhale kapangidwe bwino yofanana, iwo amasiyana pa malo ena. Ndi mtundu wa akunja dermal wosanjikiza yoopsa kukula ndi mawonekedwe ake. The lofunika zakudya khalidwe chifukwa kukhalapo kutanthauza minofu wosanjikiza sing'anga.

Bone amateteza mbewu, amatchedwanso vnutriplodnikom. Aliyense ali yake yapadera chitsanzo cha mitundu. Mwachitsanzo, chitumbuwa ndi apurikoti maenje bwino, pichesi kudula ndi grooves kwambiri, pamene maula ngati akhakula.

Kodi seeded zipatso ndi rasipiberi ndi mabulosi. Ngakhale kunja iwo amaoneka ngati zipatso limodzi, kwenikweni ndi drupes yaing'ono, inakula - seedheads.

Kapangidwe morphological fupa ndi mbali kumene kumatsimikizira mitundu ya zomera. drupe zipatso mtundu ndi mamembala onse a banja Rosaceae.

Zouma zipatso polyspermous

Pip zipatso zitsanzo za amene atapatsidwa kale, mu chikhalidwe sakhala wamba kuposa achibale awo polyspermous. Ndipotu, ngati mbewu za zomera zambiri ndi mwayi bwino kumera ndi kupulumuka.

zipatso zouma ndi kuwuluridwa kapena sanaifotokoze. Gulu loyamba ndi nyemba kuti kukodzedwa mbali zonse, ndipo mbewu m'menemo amagwira kwa slats (nandolo, nyemba, nyemba, clover).

Pod owoneka ngati nyemba, ndi pakati mwa kugawa wosabadwa kumene mbewu amagwira. inanso ngolo ndi silicle, amene losiyana okha kukula. The ngolo zipatso ndi kabichi, mpiru, rapeseed, Mattioli ndi silicle - chikwama m'busa, Thlaspi, klopovnik neri Al.

Bokosi kuwuluridwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana: kuchokera poppy ndi Corydalis - mano pamwamba, kuyambira henbane ndi plantain - ntchito zipewa, akulimbana - ndi geraniums ndi violets.

Ukukamba - youma Mipikisano seeded zipatso dontho mbali imodzi. Iwo Tingaone ku larkspur ndi marigold.

Chomera chidwi ndi mtedza. Maluwa ndi zipatso, ndipamene pansi. Pa ichi iye akutchedwa mtedza.

zipatso yowutsa mudyo polyspermous

Zipatso za mtundu uwu amagwiritsidwa yodziwika ndi katundu wofunika ndi kukoma ndi zofunika kwambiri chuma. Aliyense akudziwa currants zokoma, blueberries, gooseberries. wosanjikiza awo akunja leathery ngati drupes, ndi ena awiri - yowutsa mudyo.

Pa malo awa mabulosi ndi zipatso za phwetekere wa - aliyense ankakonda phwetekere - ndi mbatata. Mbatata zipatso inedible ndipo ngakhale chakupha chifukwa zili alkaloid solanine. mankhwala akhoza kuyambitsa aakulu poizoni chamoyo.

The zipatso zemlyanichina anapereka atachuluka cholandirira, imene zamkati zatumuzidwa ndi mtedza kakang'ono - mbewu ya strawberries kapena sitiroberi.

Apple ikukula osati pa apulo. mtundu wa zipatso ndi leathery ndi minofu kunja wosanjikiza pakati. Ndipo lamkati anagonjera makamera filmy kuti molondola kuteteza mbewu. zipatso ndi peyala, quince, phiri phulusa.

Monga mukuonera, zipatso ndi osiyanasiyana mu kapangidwe ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito kulima mbewu, kugawa ndi kuteteza mbewu. Ndipo chifukwa kukhalapo kwa zakudya ndi kukoma okoma ndiwo lofunika chakudya mankhwala kwa nyama ndi anthu.