Polemba chinenero ntchito "Hero Nthawi". Psychological buku Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova

Roman M. Yu. Lermontova "Hero Nthawi" linatulutsidwa mu 1840. Wolemba analemba ntchito yaikulu ya moyo wake kwa zaka ziwiri, kusindikiza pa masamba a magazini otchuka "Mfundo za Lathu". Ntchito imeneyi inali ndi chikhomo osati ntchito yake, komanso mabuku Russian lonse, kuyambira m'bukuli woyamba molimba mtima ndi bwino zinachitikira pa nthawi yomweyo mwatsatanetsatane maganizo kusanthula khalidwe waukulu. Zinali zachilendo ndi Nkhani zikuchokera lenilenilo, limene chinang'ambika. Onsewa ntchito mbali chidwi otsutsa, owerenga, ndi kukhala miyeso yolinganizira mu mtundu wanyimbo ake.

kamangidwe

Roman Lermontova sizinayambe balamanthu. wolemba amagwiritsa onse kunja magwero zoweta kuti anamuuza kuti alenge chikhalidwe osokoneza ndi nkhani yachilendo. Mikhail Yurevich buku pa lingaliro lake ndi ofanana kwambiri "Evgeniya Onegina" Pushkin, ngakhale zinalembedwa kalembedwe yochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Komanso, wolemba anadalira zinachitikira yachilendo polenga dziko mkati mwa ngwazi za. Psychological buku anali kale ku Ulaya. Polemba chinenero ntchito "Hero Nthawi" akhoza limanenedwa ngati buku maganizo chifukwa tcheru la wolemba kuti khalidwe ndi maganizo a Pechorin.

Momveka bwino makhalidwe amenewa akuwonetseredwa mu ntchito za French wophunzitsa Rousseau. N'zothekanso kudzatunga kufanana pakati pa ntchito za wolemba ndi ntchito za Byron, Bestuzhev-Marly. Polenga nkhani yake ija, wolemba lolunjika kwenikweni zimachitika nthawi yake, umene umaonekera mutu. Malinga ndi wolemba, adafuna kulenga chithunzi chonse cha m'badwo wake - achinyamata wanzeru amene sangathe kutenga chilichonse nokha ndi kuthera mphamvu zanu pa ntchito achabechabe amene amawononga, chawo ndi anthu ena.

Features zikuchokera

Roman Lermontova ali ndi kumanga zachilendo poyerekeza ndi ntchito zina mtundu womwewo. Choyamba, izo linaphwanya ndondomeko kuchuluka kwa zinthu; kachiwiri, owerenga wa ochita angapo, kuphatikizapo, ndi khalidwe waukulu. njira yotero amasankhidwa ndi wolemba si mwangozi. Iye mwadala anayamba nkhaniyo m'ma moyo wa Pechorin. owerenga afika lingaliro la iye ndi mawu a mlendo, mnzake wake wakale limakhulupirira Maksimych. Ndiye, wolemba limasonyeza maso ake owerenga, amene anawona izo mu m'kupita, koma anakwanitsa adzamsandutsa lonse lingaliro bwino.

ngwazi chifaniziro

Popeza buku maganizo kumaphatikizapo kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane za dziko lamkati la chikhalidwe, mbali ziwiri zapitazi zinalembedwa m'malo mwa Pechorin mu mawonekedwe a zolemba tsikulo. Motero, owerenga akuona zilembo pa mfundo zosiyanasiyana m'moyo wake, amene amaona ngati kuti palibenso njira chokhudzana ndi mzake. Choncho Lermontov anafuna mavuto dissociation nthawi, kuyesera kuti asonyeze kupanda pake kuli khalidwe lanu, limene nthawi zosiyana za moyo wake zimasonyeza sindiye ndi mbali yabwino.

Yerekezerani ndi Onegin

Polemba chinenero ntchito "Hero Nthawi" - buku lathu maganizo. Ntchito imeneyi, monga zanenedwa pamwambapa, n'zimene zinachitikira woyamba mu mabuku Russian polenga mtundu watsopano wa khalidwe - otchedwa superfluous anthu. Komabe, ndi Lermontov ena olemba analenga khalidwe amene sanali oyenera anakhazikitsa dongosolo ndale komanso a Russian chenicheni cha theka zoyambirira za m'ma 19. Kwambiri konyezimira Mwachitsanzo - Eugene Onegin, lomwe ndi chimodzimodzi Pechorin anali munthu wolemekezeka ndi monga anavutika kuyesera kupeza nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi luso lawo. Komabe, ngati Pushkin ankafotokozedwa khalidwe lake ndi zabwino-chikhalidwe nthabwala, ndiye Lermontov anatsindika mbali kwambiri. Psychological buku Mikhail Yurevich wakhala imodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri za nthawi.

Mbali chithunzi Pechorin

M'kamwa mwa ngwazi ake, amazitsutsa ndi makhalidwe oipa a anthu yofanana ndi kuwawa mtima akungondinyoza zolakwa za dziko. Izi ndi khalidwe la fano Pechorin - sikuti iye nthawi yocheza osagwira monga Onegin m'mudzi, maganizo ndi moyo wokangalika, iye osati amazitsutsa zoyipa za anthu, kumene kupota, komanso amachita, wosasamalira ozungulira ngati mayesero maganizo.

Mbali yoyamba

Polemba chinenero ntchito "ngwazi za nthawi yathu" ndipo anatchula mbali ya mawu a buku la. Mlembi kanalalikira kuswa mwambo wa mabuku Russian, lochitidwa Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, amalandiranso ndi storyline wofuna ndi zazikulu Nkhani. Lermontov chiyani zimalimbana ndi kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane za boma mkati mwa ngwazi wake. Choyamba anali ndi chidwi mudziwe zifukwa zachilendo, zachilendo, maganizo khalidwe Pechorin. Ulendo woyamba kufotokoza khalidwe la kapitawo wamng'ono anatenga Maksim Maksimych, mkulu wa linga Caucasus kumene Pechorin anatumikira.

Good Captain akana- kupereka ena malongosoledwe a zochita chodabwitsa cha mnzake wake: ndi atigwira a Bela, chikondi chake pa iye ndi kuzirala mofulumira n'chosangalatsa akuoneka wake, ndi mphwayi pakuoneka kuti imfa yake yoipa. Komabe, Maksim Maksimych, lophweka ndi unsophisticated, ndipo sanathe kumvetsa chifukwa kuponya moyo Pechorin. Owerenga, iye anati yekha kuti yotsirizira iye ankaona ngati munthu zachilendo kwambiri, chifukwa maonekedwe ake anali akutsatiridwa ndi unyolo wa zochitika zachilendo ndiponso oopsa.

chithunzi

Pa maphunziro kusukulu mabuku ndikofunika kuti ophunzira kumvetsetsa ntchito za mtundu wanyimbo "ngwazi za nthawi yathu." Buku ili chithunzi maganizo Pechorin, amene nawonso, ndi chithunzi gulu la olemba mabuku a achinyamata. Gawo lachiwiri la ntchito ndi chidwi chifukwa mwa iwo owerenga amaona Pechorin maso a munthu ndi udindo iye chikhalidwe, zaka, maphunziro ndi maphunziro. Choncho, kulongosola kwapatsidwa mwa owerenga kuti khalidwe, kuliganizira wapadera chifukwa ngakhale kudodoma loyang'anira ndi kufupika kwa msonkhano, kuposa kulongosola mkulu. Cofunika n'cakuti chakuti owerenga limafotokoza osati maonekedwe, koma nayenso amayesetsa ndikuganiza boma la maganizo a Pechorin, ndipo mwina zotheka. Izi ndi zimene anafotokoza mfundo chake buku "A Hero Nthawi" amatchedwa maganizo. The owerenga amaona khalidwe la Pechorin makhalidwe monga woganizira ena, kufooka ndi kutopa. Komanso, anaona kuti sanali kufooka ndi wauzimu. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa mawu a maso ake, zomwe zimasonyeza ena kuwala phosphorescent ndipo sanali kumwetulira pamene iye anaseka.

chokumanako

Kukwaniritsidwa kwa mbali imeneyi ndi kufotokoza Petchorin msonkhano ndi kapitao ndodo. Last analakalaka msonkhano uno, mofulumira kwa mkulu wamng'ono monga bwenzi lakale, koma anakumana ndithu phwando ozizira. Old Captain anakwiya kwambiri. Komabe, wolemba, amene pambuyo lofalitsidwa zolemba Pechorin, kuti pambuyo kuwerenga iwo anamvetsa kwambiri pa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, kupenda mwatsatanetsatane zochita zawo ndi zolakwa. Izi ndi zimene zimatithandiza kumvetsa chifukwa chake buku "A Hero Nthawi" amatchedwa maganizo. Komabe, mu msonkhano ndi gawo limakhulupirira Maksimych wowerenga Mungadabwe kapena ngakhale chitonzo khalidwe kwa mphwayi zimenezi. Mu ichi chisoni yanthaŵi kwathunthu kumbali ya mkulu wakale.

Nkhani "Taman"

ntchito chachikulu chiyambi cha zolemba tsikulo Pechorin. Mmenemo msilikali wamng'ono osati limafotokoza nkhani ya ulendo eccentric m'tauni yaing'ono mwanyanja, komanso kupenda makhalidwe awo. Mkuluyu ludzu kuwerenga kuti ndidziwe moyo, tingadziwe kuti zokha ndi analikodi kanthu moyo wa ozembetsa lapansi.

Chilakolako nawo moyo wa khalidwe la anthu ena, ngakhale wawo - kuti mu nkhani iyi yaikulu. "Hero Nthawi" - buku kuti tikukamba osati kwambiri pa za zochitika kunja, koma pa kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane za zisudzo mkati boma. Mu gawo lachiwiri Pechorin limakhala umboni machenjerero a ozembetsa ndi m'malo mosasamala ikuchoka zinsinsi zake. Chifukwa, iye anali pafupifupi anamira, ndipo zigawenga za anathawa m'nyumba zawo. Choncho, pofuna kumvetsetsa Pechorin mwini zosayenera khalidwe - uyu ndi gawo lachiwiri la Nkhani yaikulu. "Hero Nthawi" ndi chidwi chifukwa zonse limasonyeza chithunzi cha khalidwe ndi malangizo ambiri osiyanasiyana ndipo mosayembekezereka.

"Mfumukazi Mary"

Mwina chofunika kwambiri ndi chidwi pa ntchito. Ndi mu gawo ili la khalidwe chaululidwa zonse. kanthu chikuchitika mu madzi akangofika Caucasus.

Kapitawo wamng'ono, kunyoza mnzake Grushnitsky, kugwa m'chikondi ndi achinyamata Mfumukazi Mary. Ngakhale kuti iye osayanjanitsika kwa iye, iye sangathe ndimamukonda iye kwenikweni. buku Pechorin a "Hero Nthawi" mu nkhani imeneyi imasonyeza yokha ndi mbali disadvantageous. Iwo osati Amanamiza mtsikana, koma duel ndi wakupha Grushnitsky. Komabe mu gawo ili Grigoriy Aleksandrovich opanda chifundo m'njira poyera zovuta. Apa akufotokoza khalidwe lake: m'mawu ake, zokha chibwana, kusowa abwenzi, chisoni ndi kumvetsetsa ankatanthauza kuti anakhala ya ndulu, mkwiyo ndi unsociable. Komabe, iye analemba kuti: "mtima munthu mlendo pa onse." Ananena kuti mawu ake osati kokha kwa ena komanso iyeyo.

Pechorin mu "Hero Nthawi" buku, izo chaululidwa nkhani imeneyi zonse. The chidwi kwambiri za mbiri mawunikidwe wake madzulo wa duel Grushnitsky, limene anafotokoza moyo wake. Msilikali wachinyamata akunena kuti moyo wake, ndithudi, zomveka, koma iye sanathe kumvetsa iye.

chikondi mzere

Thandizeni kuti akumvetseni bwino khalidwe la ubwenzi wake ndi akazi. Mu buku pali atatu chikondi nkhani, aliyense zimene zimasonyeza chizindikiro cha msilikali wina wa ku mbali zosiyana. The woyamba amagwirizana ndi mzere wa Bela. Mwa chibadwa iye anali mtsikana, ufulu mwachikondi, wakula mu mapiri a mitundu Caucasus.

Choncho, mofulumira kuzirala izo Pechorin kwenikweni kumupha iye. Buku "A Hero Nthawi" otchulidwa wamkazi zomwe zimathandiza kuti akumvetseni bwino chithunzi maganizo a chikhalidwe, zoyenera mudziwe zambiri za khalidwe la msilikali wamng'ono. Mu gawo lachiwiri palinso chikondi mzere, koma m'malo weniweni.

Komabe, nkhani anatumikira monga maziko a intrigue mu nkhani yachiwiri. The ngwazi yekha sadziwa kuti kuunikira zochita zawo: "Wopusa kapena woipa amene amabweretsa, sindikudziwa" - amanena zokhudza iye. owerenga amaona kuti Pechorin bwino wodziwa kuwerenga maganizo a anthu owazungulira: pomwepo zopeka khalidwe la mlendo. Komabe, iye umafuna ulendo wofuna, zimene iye anazindikira, ndipo izi zinachititsa kuti chitsiriziro zachilendo.

The mankhwala a "Hero Nthawi" amene wamkazi m'nkhaniyi ndi chidwi chifukwa mwa njira ina mukopedwe tsoka la Pechorin, anamaliza chikondi chatha mzere kapitawo ndi wolemekezeka. Last chidwi khalidwe choyambirira Pechorin, koma analephera kuthetsa amamvetsa. Mu nkhani yomweyo pali kufotokoza ubale Grigori Aleksandrovich ndi Mfumukazi Vera, amene ali bwino kuposa ena onse anazindikira khalidwe lake. Choncho, poyamba maganizo buku mabuku Russian anali mankhwala a "Hero Nthawi". Quotes khalidwe chachikulu kusonyeza izo monga munthu komanso osokoneza.