"Polaroid" - izi ndi ... The kamera ndi kusindikiza n'kamodzi pa kampani Polaroid: kufotokoza, mtengo

Nkhani za mtunduwu, "Polaroid" - ziri mi koma osati nthano kwambiri oseketsa za malonda la anthu amene amadziwika ntchito monga zokondweretsa Yehova. Pakali pano, nkhani imeneyi ikukambidwayo si mwachangu monga izo isanayambe, koma kutchuka ndi mtundu wake mankhwala a mtundu uwu simunataye.

nkhani

Tsopano aliyense akudziwa kuti "Polaroid" - ndi kampani American chinkhoswe mu kupanga zida Zithunzi, magalasi, komanso ogula zamagetsi. Koma si aliyense amadziwa nkhani ya mtundu, koma kwa mafani wa mankhwala zimenezi n'kofunika.

The kampani anayambitsa anali American dzina lake Edwin Land, amene anabadwa m'chaka cha 1909 mu mzinda wa Bridgeport. Makolo ake poyamba ankakhala Russian Ufumu (tsopano mu Ukraine), koma chifukwa zinthu zosadziwika kuumirizidwa kusamuka kwa America.

Edwin Land sankadziwa chimene umphawi, chifukwa makolo ake nthawi zonse ndalama zokwanira yokonza mwana ndi maphunziro abwino. Choncho n'zosadabwitsa kuti mnyamata, Optics chidwi ana anali ganizo loyamba la kulenga zinthu inadzera dziko.

17 zaka mnyamatayu zoti kulenga magalasi latsopano polarizing, anaikira nyali magalimoto. Malinga ndi iye, izo zikhoza kusintha njira zowunikira usiku, osati wosaona pa yemweyo magalimoto nthawi otsutsanawa. Kuponya University ndipo anasamukira ku New York, Land anadzipereka kwathunthu kwa chilengedwe cha Zosefera magetsi.

Edwin Land ndi munthu woyamba mu dziko kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za kugawanika, omwe tsopano ntchito mwakhama chilengedwe cha nyale tebulo, magalasi atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena zoona, ndi zina zotero.

oyambitsa

Only mu 1937, Edwin ntchito apeza ntchito zamalonda. Izo zinali mu chaka chino, ndipo onse odziwika kotheratu "Polaroid" analengedwa. kupanga izi ndi nthawi yoyamba kuli anali sanachite chitukuko ndi kupanga mu makamera kuunika, ndi katundu woyamba kwambiri anali magalasi ndi magalasi magetsi yomwe zosiyanasiyana ntchito kwa zida za nkhondo ndi zipangizo zina.

Za momwe ndalama, "Polaroid" monga chizindikiro, mlengi sanaganize, chifukwa iye anali ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Pa malo kupanga akuti olimba zinathandiza mwachindunji nkhani mu kuwala kwa kuika zipangizo usiku m'masomphenya, X-ray filimu ndi zina zotero. Ine mumakhulupirira mawu sikovuta, chifukwa moyo wake wonse Land anatha Maluso ambiri ndithu kwa kufufuza mwaukatswiri (zoposa 500). olemba mbiri amakono amanena kuti luso ambiri akhala analenga yekha ndi Thomas Edison.

kupambana zosaneneka chinathandiza sayansi ndi lili ndi akatswiri chitsulo malonda. Ndi Edwin analamulira zaka 43.

Photo pamphindi

Malinga ndi nthano, kulengedwa kwa kamera "Polaroid" - lingaliro mwana wa kampani tate, amene anamukankha otere malo wopambana, kukhala pafupifupi mu Chiyambi chake. Msungwana wamng'ono chabe anafunsa bambo anga funso lokhudza chifukwa anthu sangathe kupeza zithunzi wokonzeka pambuyo kuwombera pa. Pa nthawi yomweyo Land kwambiri kuganizira funso limeneli, ndiyeno kuganiza, ndi ndodo yake.

Mu 1948 anapereka woyamba kupanga kamera zimene zimapangitsa zochepa chabe. chithunzi chilichonse anali ofunika $ 1, umene panthawi imeneyo unali ndithu ndalama zambiri, chifukwa makatiriji ndi "Polaroid" zinalengedwa ndi luso chipangizo kwambiri kuti n'chosiyana kwambiri masiku ano.

Ngakhale ngakhale mtengo wapatali, mankhwala a mtundu uwu mu ankafuna kwambiri. Kale mu 1963, Landy anali kupereka Pulezidenti Zikho Ufulu.

Rise la Ufumu wa Roma

"Polaroid" kamera ndi chitsanzo latsopano mu 1972. Kamera ndi woyamba kwathunthu "ainjini" chitsanzo chimene chimapangitsa zithunzi mtundu ndi sikutanthauza yeniyeni aiming.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, chitsanzo amakhala koposa, ndi mtengo - zochepa. Ndi pafupi ndi zaka 80-TH kamera "Polaroid" (buku lakale ndi Baibulo latsopanoli) unakhala wotchuka chida kulenga zithunzi. kupanga izi ngakhale lero nostalgically akukumbukira osati onse America, koma ambiri a mayiko ena.

Kumapeto kwa 70s anali kusonkhanitsa mitambo, monga kupanga "Kodak" anakhoza kuposa "Polaroid" (kamera). The kampani latsopano waneneratu kamera yake komanso anaikira zochepa chabe. Koma Land sanali opusa, kotero nayo nthawi kuti upeze siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo kukopera. Mulandu unatenga zaka pafupifupi khumi, koma mapeto kotheratu "Kodak" anafunika kupereka kwa wozunzidwayo Uwerenge kuposa $ 600 miliyoni.

Posakhalitsa anagwa ndi kupanga wokha, "Kodak" ndi ulemerero kumbuyo mwamphamvu "Polaroid". Instant chithunzi kachiwiri otchuka, koma akulephera nthawi imeneyi, nyamuka yaikulu.

likamalowa Ufumu

Amadziwika kuti ngakhale anthu aakulu angathe kulakwitsa, ndipo mu nkhani iyi, Edwin Land anali nazonso. kulakwitsa yake yaikulu inali mu zaka 80 pa ulimi wake kale prototypes makamera digito, koma anaganiza kuti kampani sadzakhala kuchita zamagetsi.

Kale mu 1996, kampani anapezerapo wosapitirira digito kamera, koma izo zinali mochedwa. Young Makampani ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana anakwanitsa kulanda kanthu kale kwambiri ndi patsogolo ulimi US.

Kumayambiriro a zaka za m'ma 21 "Polaroid" sanathe woyenera kupikisana ndi opanga zina zida Zithunzi, kotero mu 2001 anayamba nthawi ya bankirapuse.

Mochuluka bwanji ndi "Polaroid" lero

Chibwenzi, mtengo wa makamera ano kumawombera mpaka 3000-5000 rubles. Makatiriji kuti "Polaroid" Koma analengedwa ndi njira yosavuta, pali ndithu mtengo - 1000-2000 rubles.

Kugula kamera akhoza kukhala aliyense, monga m'masitolo ambiri Intaneti azipereka mankhwala amenewa.

Modern Polaroid chithunzithunzi

Lachitsanzo wotchuka kwambiri kuposa Polaroid chithunzithunzi, omwe ndalama kwa $ 100. Ndi 10-megapixel kamera, kumene Integrated chosindikizira otchuka Zink, opereka chithunzi ndi miyeso 7.6 × 5 cm yomweyo pambuyo chithunzithunzi cha. Kuwonjezera pa mfundo yakuti chipangizo amapereka yomalizidwa chithunzi, komanso amapulumutsa chifaniziro chooneka amagetsi.

Kumanga ndi Design

Kamera wokha sukhalira unazunguliridwa mu amakona anayi pulasitiki casing. chipangizo ali miyeso 122 × 76 × 28 kulemera kwake ndi 400 magalamu. kamera ndi yabwino ndithu anapitiriza ngakhale mu dzanja yaing'ono pamene kuwombera. Koma pofuna kupewa unit ku akuponya bwino ntchito lamba wapadera amene amagwira.

Poyamba kamera analengedwa ndi zogwiritsa ntchito onse ndi omasuka pazipita ntchito, kotero zinthu za kayendesedwe izo pang'ono ndithu.

Kumanzere pali kagawo kwa khadi kukumbukira, komanso doko naupereka kwa. Tikumbukenso kuti kukumbukira mkati kuli chabe zokwanira kulemba ndi kusindikiza chithunzi umodzi, chotero kugula zina khadi m'mutu nawo.

Pa mbali kumbuyo pali thireyi 10 zomwe agwirizane mapepala pepala. The zipsera tuluka mwa zawo mwapadera kuti kagawo imeneyi ili pa mapeto lamanja la m'chipinda. Ndipo pamwamba pa khomo, pali atatu zizindikiro kuwala kusonyeza udindo wa batire, khadi kukumbukira ndi pepala. Chifukwa cha makhalidwe amenewa owerenga masiku ano wosakayika khalidwe ndi mayiko kamera.