LED - ndi chiyani ichi? Mfundo ntchito anatsogolera

Kulikonse kuli m'malo a nyale ochiritsira kuti anatsogolera. Pakali pano, ichi ndi njira yabwino younikira magalimoto komanso nyumba, cholimba kwambiri ndiponso yosavuta m'malo. Ndiye kodi mfundo ya LEDs ndi mmene kusankha bwino?

LED ndi momwe ntchito

LED - ndi chipangizo chamagetsi wapadera kuti otembenuka panopa mu kuwala kwa moto. Pakali pano, ndi LEDs ndi imadziwika anatsogozedwa, kutanthauza "kuwala emitting diode".

chipangizo wapangidwa kwa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi galasi Chip, housings, malo, ndi chipangizo kuwala. Kuwala umachokera kwa galasi, ndi mtundu angakhale osiyana ndi zimadalira kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuwala kwa LEDs monga mtundu, angakhalenso osiyana. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa zotsatira zambiri kuwala mu nyali limodzi zambiri anaikapo timibulu ochepa yopangira kuwala monochromatic, amene osakaniza ndipamene chowala yowala.

Kuwala kwa chipangizo amadalira mphamvu yopezeka kwa magetsi. Nayenso zamphamvu kwambiri otaya magetsi zimayambitsa kutenthedwa mofulumira galasi, ndipo amachotsa izo kwa dongosolo. Poona zimenezi zinachititsa kupanga yokwera mtengo kwa mtengo wa katundu, amene ndi pang'ono kungasokoneze kusankha nyali amenewa.

LEDs kuwala akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu:

• kopitilira muyeso mphamvu yawo osachepera - 1 W;
• Mkulu kuwala LEDs - ukufika 20 MW;
• muyezo babu.

Today chimagwiritsidwa ntchito anatsogolera wagawo, amene Integrated mu nyale. Uyamiko kwa Iye, mungathe kusintha kuwala ndi kusankha mulingo woyenera chowala mode.

The ntchito LEDs pa zina kuyatsa

LED - yabwino tsiku, kusankha mtundu wa kuyatsa, amene ali m'njira zambiri:

• Kwake.
• Luso kusintha mtundu ndi kuwala kwa nyale.
• Mtundu machulukitsidwe, ndi kuthekera kosankha wofiira, buluu, wobiriwira anatsogolera kapena mtundu kusintha.
• Kuthekera kulamulira amagetsi.
• zipangizo Organic amene mulibe zinthu zolemera zoipa chilengedwe komanso woopsa pamene yosayenera mofatsa.
• Low mowa mphamvu ya 1 Watt opangidwa kangapo kuunika.
• Kuwala woyera ndipo kwambiri muzigwiritse kwa zachilengedwe.
• Kodi si overheat chifukwa svetootvodu woyenera.
• Kudalirika ndi durability.

Chifukwa LEDs zatchuka makampani magalimoto? Mtundu wa kuunikira ndi abwino kwa magalimoto, pang'onopang'ono chimakankhira ndi halogen ndi xenon nyali. makhalidwe ake abwino:

• kuthekera kutumiza kuwala kwa zowongolera - chilengedwe cha nyali dziphunzitsiranso;
• azisangalala zikuwoneka bwino kuposa zina nyali;
• kuchuluka chitetezo kudzera bwino aone pa msewu;
• kukana kuti kugwedera;
• LEDs nthawi zambiri anaika mu thupi, amene Kodi mkatikati chinyezi;
• boma opaleshoni uli wachangu, chotero magetsi ananyema adamulowetsa bwino.

Kumene, ubwino ndi chibadidwe kwenikweni kokha apamwamba mankhwala, kotero kuwapulumutsa iwo sikuthandiza, makamaka chifukwa chakuti nthawi yawo ntchito ndi kwambiri kowonjezeka poyerekeza ndi mankhwala Chinese. Komanso pa ntchito nyale LED, poyerekeza ndi ochiritsira, komanso zina zambiri.

gulu la LEDs

Kusiyanitsa 2 Mitundu ya LEDs - pounikira (kuonetsera), ndi kuunikira. mphamvu zawo ndi durability zimadalira otaya magetsi, ndi wamfupi nthawi, kuyambira galasi zisathe mofulumira chifukwa cha mtundu wachiwiri wa LEDs. Komabe, zipangizozi kuunikira ndi cholimba kwambiri ndi kupereka maola zikwi zingapo.

LED kuyatsa - ndi chipangizo amene amapereka kuwala odalirika ndi amphamvu. Ambiri ntchito mu kamangidwe, kulenga kufunika mlingo kuwala.

Ndi mtundu nyumba alandirika kuonetsetsa inatsogolera mu "Nyenyezi" mawonekedwe, "Piranha" ndi SMD. Mwa iwo wotchuka ndi "Piranha", monga kuwala linanena bungwe zambiri Mkhalidwe. zinalengedwera mbali ndi mawonekedwe a rectangle ndi pini pa m'mbali, Amawapatsa kudzera kugwira okhwima. Komanso chipangizo gawo lapansi ali teplootvodnyh kwambiri. zipangizozi ankagwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ndi malonda. Iwo zosiyanasiyana kukula ndi mtundu: wofiira, woyera, zobiriwira, buluu kutsogoleredwa.

Chizindikiro LEDs ndi dongosolo losavuta kumva, ndi kuwala kwawo si amphamvu kwambiri, ndi ntchito pounikira kusonyezedwa ndi mapanelo chida. Mawonekedwe a wozungulira akutali, chowulungika ndi amakona anayi LED zizindikiro.

magalasi The komanso ndife osiyana wina ndi mzake, iwo akhoza kuwonjezekeredwa mu kuunikira ndi chizindikiro nyali. Ena anapangidwa kuti kubalalika kuwala (zipangizozi ndi ambiri), ena - kuganizira, zikomo malangizo a mtengo opangidwa ndi kuwala. Ndipo gulu lachiwiri la magalasi anapambulwa athyathyathya ndipo wozungulira woboola pakati phirilo.

Mtundu wa magalasi LEDs ndi:

• colorless poyela;
• akuda poyela;
• utoto Mat.

Komanso, mtundu gamut wa ntchito chipangizo ndi yosiyanasiyana. Pali wachikasu, wofiira, buluu, wobiriwira anatsogozedwa, ndi zina zotero. D. mitundu awa mwaluso ophatikizana kuti alenge osiyanasiyana kwambiri lonse. Ovuta kwambiri, oddly mokwanira, kuti yoyera mtundu woyera.

White anatsogolera zopezera njira zitatu:

• munthawi yomweyo ntchito mu kufanana olondola a mtundu wofiira, wobiriwira ndi buluu amapereka mphamvu ya woyera;
• ntchito buluu diode ndi wodetsedwa wachikasu;
• Njira ya chitatu imene amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu fulorosenti kuti otembenuka ultraviolet, kumvera mfundo ya nyali fulorosenti.

White kutsogozedwa ndi ambiri kwambiri, ngakhale kovuta penapake kupeza. Iye ozizira ndi ofunda. Pa babu nthawi chizindikiro ichi zafotokozeredwa Kelvin, ang'onoang'ono mtengo, mtundu lachita chikasu ndipo lili ofunda. Opanga amalangiza kuti asankhe ndi chizindikiro pakuchitika, ngakhale ozizira, kuwala bluish akhoza mwamsanga azolowere.

Kusankha kwa nyali kunyumba

Kusankha kwa nyali kunyumba tichipeza zinthu zingapo, kumene mukufuna kudziwa mtundu wa maukonde awiri a kapu ndi maonekedwe a chipangizo kuyatsa.

LED 220 adzamasulidwa ku mitundu yofala zitsulo - E27 ndi E14. manambala amasonyeza ulusi awiri mu millimeters. Yoyambirira nyali amapezeka mawonekedwe a mpira, wachiwiri - mpira kapena chimanga.

Nanga ndi ubwino waukulu? Choyamba, ndi luso logwirana ndi kulowa kuwala paokha. Chachiwiri, ndi kusankha mtundu kuunikira ndi kasamalidwe akumidzi. Chachitatu, durability ntchito ndi kuchuluka kudalirika.

Kutenga mawonekedwe, muyenera tcheru chakuti chimanga babu ngakhale ndi Mbali zokwanira zabwino, iwo si otetezeka. ojambula awo kupita kunja, komanso alimi amakana posachedwapa ndi kutuluka kwa mawonekedwe ya zipangizo.

Kuunikira malo sanali zogona kapena mabafa ntchito nyale zochepa wamphamvu, ngati palibe kutsatira 220 LED, sindingathe zipangizo msomali G53 m'munsi ndi GX53. Izi nyali ozungulira, kumene diodes zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mtundu bwino kusankha wamba woyera, choncho si ofunda osati ozizira kwambiri mtundu, khalidwe akadakwanitsira amene ali 4200 K.

Samalani pamene kugula nyale ndi wofunika ndi makhalidwe awa:

• chiwerengero cha diodes - mmene LEDs ambiri mu nyali amadalira kuwala kwake, makamaka m'nyengo yaitali ntchito, pamene iwo anayamba adzafota ndi kutentha kunja;
• opaleshoni mode kutentha - kukumbukira kuti posankha nyale kwa msewu izo ziyenera kukhala zothandiza ndi kupewa yozizira koopsa, kaŵirikaŵiri kutchulidwa pepala chipangizo deta;
• kuthekera pulsations - kuphethira amapezeka mu nyali wotchipa, kawirikawiri pamene kugula mtengo izo yafupika yochepa;
• zinthu opaleshoni zina zikuyenela chitetezo chipangizo, mwachitsanzo, kukana kwa chinyezi, m'pofunika za njirayi, kufunsa wogulitsa;
• kusankha Mlengi ayenera kulabadira awiri a kapu, monga osati mavenda onse Kutulutsa kunja LED 220;
• anakhumba linanena bungwe kuwala monga amayezedwa lumens, - kuyatsa kapena chizindikiro nyali.

Sankhani wopanga

Pa msika pali opanga zambiri zimene zimasonyeza magulu a khalidwe. Choncho, mitengo ndondomeko yawo ya ogulitsa n'chosiyana kwambiri komanso.

The sangathe waukulu LEDs ndalama zawo. Choncho, ngati muli kulipira ndalama zambiri mankhwala, ndi kofunika kuti akhale aatali khalidwe. Choncho ndi ofunika njira udindo kusankha Mlengi ndi katundu.

Opanga zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu 5.

1. Chinese wotchipa palibe wina odziwika bwino zopangidwa.
2. Odziwika opanga Chinese ndi Asian. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi Selecta, Camelion, LG. Amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono, ndipo khalidwe la linanena bungwe kuchokera makampani awa ndi mkulu mokwanira, motero opondapo gawo la msika zoweta wotanganidwa ndi katundu ku Asia. Payokha, ndi Dziwani LG LEDs kuti 2016 kwambiri yafupika mtengo wa mankhwala ake pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono latsopano kupanga. Komanso, khalidwe akanali yemweyo. Mu palibe chikaiko. kampaniyo imakhazikika mu nyali sing'anga-mphamvu ndi zokwanira wabwino amaganizira momwe anzawo.
3. opanga zoweta amene apamwamba mankhwala, koma luso ndi odula kwambiri, choncho mtengo pa nyali ziwalo. Mwatsoka, Russia kenako tinaphunzira za mwayi lonse la opanga ndi LED ndi zoweta sizinathe kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, "Optoman" ndi Gauss. Izi makampani ndi uthunthu wawo wa mankhwala zilipo kudutsa dziko.
4. opanga European awa akuimira Makampani makamaka German Philips, Osram, Bioledex, amene agwira ntchito yopanga nyali. Mwina, Philips akanali mtsogoleri mu gawo ili msika, ngakhale ndalama ndi mtengo.
5. ntchito Sino-Russian monga Ecola, Newera - komanso wabwino quality ndi mtengo zopangidwa, amene ali wamng'ono kwambiri kuposa kupikisana Makampani.

Choncho nthawi zina zovuta zokwanira pakati zochuluka pa opanga kusankha mtundu wa khalidwe labwino, choncho n'kofunika kwambiri kulabadira makamaka makhalidwe a mankhwala ndi malo awo a ntchito.

Zoyerekeza aligorivimu zochita pa unsembe wa anatsogolera

Ngati pali kudziŵa pang'ono electrics ndipo amadziwa khazikitsa magetsi aliyense, inatsogolera kungakhale kuyesa ndi kukhazikitsa ndekha. Choyamba muyenera kuonetsetsa nyale ntchito. The ndondomeko ya zochita ayenera kukhala motere:

• Kuphunzira makhalidwe luso ndi kuwerenga volts angati amadya anatsogolera limodzi;
• kujambula kugwirizana chiwembu kuganizira voteji;
• kuwerengetsa mowa mphamvu ya dera magetsi;
• Kenako muyenera kusankha magetsi kuti anayamba kulamulira, ingathenso kukhala woyendetsa;
• miyendo anatsogolera anasonyeza polarity chimene chili chofunika kwa solder mawaya;
• kugwirizana magetsi;
• unsembe wa diodes ndi kuphatikiza awo;
• Ngati chirichonse mu dongosolo, m'pofunika kuyeza makhalidwe monga kuchuluka mphamvu ankadya, kutentha, magetsi panopa;
• kusintha kwa magetsi;
• konzekera kwa theka la ola - palibe pa unsembe koyamba ndipo pofuna kupewa kutenthedwa ya LEDs ndi bwino kugula pa gawo lapansi mu mawonekedwe a nyenyezi.

Pa ntchito, makamaka ngati ndi katundu mu China, ndi zina zofunika m'malo LEDs. The mwayi kwa akatswiri, m'malo angathe kuchitidwa paokha pamaso pa zipangizo zofunika. Untwisted nyale ntchito digito multimeter prozvanivat diodes. Nawonso, bwino anayatsa, ndipo ena mwa iwo ntchito. Zosafunika diodes desoldering ndipo anasintha atsopano. Ndithudi, izi zimachitika pamene m'malo anatsogolera alipo, inu mukhoza kutenga nyali yakale ichi.

Pakali pano, ndi Kuwonjezera wotchuka ndi "Arduino". LED polumikiza kwa izo, inu mukhoza kupanga kung'anima. Board "Arduino" ali ndi zothekera zambiri, O zolowetsa, ndipo akhoza olumikizidwa kwa chipangizo chilichonse. pulogalamuyi amatha kulandira chizindikiro kwa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana magulu kuwatsatira. N'zosavuta ndi yabwino malo mapulogalamu, amene ndi zosavuta kusamalira ngakhale wosuta pafupifupi.

Kusankha kwa galimoto anatsogolera

Ziziyenda ambiri akusamukira mtundu watsopano wa kuyatsa mu galimoto yake. Iyi ndi njira zabwino kwenikweni osati mawu a ntchito, komanso mwaulemu kuti maonekedwe a galimoto. Auto kwambiri losandulizika, kujambula kuyang'anitsitsa a kudutsa madalaivala. LED-mtundu kuyatsa akhoza bwinobwino m'malo nyali zonse zimene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa galimoto.

Kodi kusankha kukula ndi kuwala kwa magetsi kutsogolo ananyema?

Ambiri mwa makampani galimoto amagwiritsa ntchito nyale popanda chipewa, anaika mu nyumba pakati nyali ya. Ubwino wa LEDs ndi kukana kwawo kutentha kulikonse, chifukwa ili pafupi kuyatsa nyali chachikulu overheat ndi galasi ndi linalephera msanga. Poona zimenezi, kusankha kuyatsa m'pofunika kulabadira chitetezo zina LEDs - pamaso pa stabilizer magetsi.

Posankha mababu ayenera kumatsatira mndandanda wawo, SF zino, ngakhale palibe stabilizer, ndi yabwino kwambiri ya galimoto chifukwa ambiri diodes ndi ukugwira ntchito pa osiyanasiyana, mwangwiro owala danga.

Tiyeneranso kulabadira kukula kwa nyali, monga mmene chitsanzo cha SF - ndithu chipangizo chachikulu. Muyenera kuganiza bwino pa musanagule Kuphunzira.

Ndi mndandanda otchuka pa kukula - SMD lomwe lili ntchito kwambiri, komanso pamafunika ndalama.

Kumbuyo Car magetsi

The stoplights kumbuyo anatengedwa akonzekeretse ziwiri kukhudzana pansi LEDs. Mndandanda wotchuka: MSD, ndi 14NR 3h1W. Ali modes yosiyanasiyana osiyana chiwerengero cha diodes. Koma zonse ndi ntchito ndi mkulu. LEDs izi chowala ndi kupereka kuwala kwambiri ndi moyo wautali utumiki.

Kwambiri angakwanitse - SF mndandanda nyali.

LEDs kwa mkati

Tisanasankhe nyali cha m'katikati muyenera kudziwa mtundu wa kuyatsa ndi phindu denga.

Mkati ayenera kusankhidwa festoon mtundu nyale - ndi oblong chipangizo, kukula kwa 31-41 mm. Kusiyanitsa mitundu 3 LEDs kwa mkati.

1. Denga mu cholumikizira m'malo wakale mababu yachibadwa kuwala. Pa kukula kwa LEDs amenewa ali pafupifupi ofanana zipangizo ochiritsira kuunikira, iwo ntchito pamene n'zosatheka chifukwa cha mtengo ka denga ntchito nyale wina.
2. LEDs amakhala akuluakulu kuposa muyezo babu kuwala. Pamaso khazikitsa kufunika kuonetsetsa ngati chipangizo ichi ndi oyenera chivundikirocho. Chifukwa ukuwonjezeka zazikulu kukula ndipo chiwerengero cha diodes mu nyale. Choncho, chiwalitsiro amakhala owala kwambiri kuposa masiku.
3. Masanjidwewo chimagwirizanitsa ambiri diodes. Ngati mbale ali okwanira ndi akhoza kumakhalamo bokosi amakona anayi, mtundu wa kuyatsa adzakhala kwambiri bwino kuti zimalimbikitsa.

Mkati kuyatsa nyali mtundu ntchito SF kapena SMD.

Komanso, magalimoto ankagwiritsa ntchito m'malo chifunga nyali pa nyali ndi kutsogozedwa. chidwi ziperekedwe kwa ziziyenda amene akufuna kuima pakati ena pa backlight LED riboni ndi "Mngelo Maso."

Polongosola mwachidule

LED - izi ndi zopambana njira kwa mababu akale, amene amathandiza kuthetsa vuto maofesi osakwanira kuyatsa. Ngakhale pa mtengo kuposa babu muyezo ndi ndalama kwambiri, chifukwa kutsogozedwa ndi kutumikira chaka oposa kupereka kuwala nyumba ndi galimoto.