Patina - ndichiyani? Kodi ntchito patina

Kuyambira Zosayiwalika okonda zambiri mungathe kumva mawu monga "patina." Kodi izo, motsimikiza mukufuna kudziwa owerenga ambiri Internet. M'nkhani yotsatira, tidzayesetsa kupereka ndi lakuti anthu ambiri mwatsatanetsatane. Choncho, kodi patina?

tanthawuzo

Onse amene munapitapo kowonera zakale ayenera aona wobiriwira ndalama wakale, yamvula chandeliers nthawi, nyali khoma ndi zina zotero. D. wokutira zinthu zitsulo wokutira otchedwa patina. Mtundu wa filimu imeneyi zingasiyane malire lonse. Nthawi zambiri popangidwa ndi zochita za wothandizila mumlengalenga mu zachilengedwe ukalamba patina ali kulocha Kamaoneka. Koma nthawi zina ndi zofiirira, mdima imvi kapena bluish.

mankhwala chilinganizo

Yankho la funso: "Patina - kodi ndi" ku mawonedwe a sayansi ndi lophweka. Chifukwa mkuwa filimu ndi wina kuposa ochiritsira CuCO _3. Izi zikhoza kukhala Mwachitsanzo, Cu ₂ (NKHA ₃₎ (o) ₂ kapena Cu ₃ (NKHA ₃₎ 2 (o). Zolengeza woyamba zosinthika ali mithunzi Kamaoneka (Malachite), wachiwiri - bluish (azurite).

Natural patina zambiri amapezeka mkati ndithu nthawi yaitali. Nthawi zambiri, filimu imeneyi chuma carbonate mkuwa, ndi mankhwala, malinga ndi mikhalidwe, aumbike kwa zaka 5-25. Ngati chinthu ili mu chilengedwe chinyezi, makutidwe ndi okosijeni, ndithudi, adzapita mofulumira. Wouma mankhwala chipinda ❖ kuyanika ankalemekeza yokutidwa ina.

Poyamba, mfundo "patina" (zomwe ndi inu tsopano mukudziwa) okhawo filimu anapanga pa mkuwa, mkuwa kapena mkuwa. Kenako mawu anayamba kuitana ndi zolengeza kuwonekera pa nkhuni, pulasitala, bluish kum'chitira ku zitsulo buluu, ndi zina zotero. D.

History of patination

chakuti zinthu zakale kuyang'ana olimba ndi zapamwamba, aliyense amadziwa. Chifukwa cha ichi kawirikawiri carbonate mkuwa - patina. Monga awononge padziko mankhwala adzakhala chabwino zolengeza nkhani kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri, zosiyanasiyana njira kuti amalola kuti pogwiritsa yokumba yapangidwa.

The dzanja koyamba zinthu zakale anayamba kupanga m'zaka 14 ku Florence. Patination ndiye ntchito gypsum, chomwe chimadzaza voids pa pamwamba pa zinthu zamatabwa. Pambuyo atayanika osakaniza pa alabasitala mankhwala kuzilemba tsamba golide. Ndiye, zonse varnished.

Luso lopanga patination zitsulo nayenso anayamba ndithu nthawi yaitali. The ambuye wakale anaona kuti anapanga pa amatopa mafuta pa ❖ kuyanika zitsulo mbale akuzisunga rusting ake. Choncho, pafupifupi chimodzimodzi mipweya ntchito kuti filimu anayamba ziboliboli ndi ena luso kuponyera.

Kodi ntchito patina

Lero, njira imeneyi ndi kaŵirikaŵiri chokongoletsedwa ndi mipando anaikira kukhalira m'nyumba. Nthawi zina patina umagwiritsidwa ntchito yokumba okalamba zinthu zokongoletsa mu ofesi ya anthu ntchito. chidwi kwambiri tione ndi anamaliza mankhwala Choncho wopeka. Akhoza chokongoletsedwa ndi banisters zachitsulo patina, mipanda, zamwano ndi khonde T. D.

Komanso, nthawi njira imeneyi ntchito kukalamba yokumba mkuwa ndi mkuwa coinages. Monga m'mbuyomu, patina zina kuziona pa zitsulo osewera (zitsulo, mkuwa ndi chitsulo) Koposa. Zimachitika kuti mwanjira anapanga kachikumbutso "lakale" ndalama, mendulo yaulemu, zizindikiro, ndi zina zotero. D. Nthawi zambiri yokumba patina yokutidwa chandeliers mkuwa, sconces, kukongoletsa mbale ndi zitsulo T. D.

Amapanga patina: okalamba utoto

Patination mipando, mapanelo, mipiringidzo zitsulo , ndi zina zotero. Kodi nthawi zambiri ntchito njira wofatsa kwambiri. Kukalamba utoto imagwiridwa motere:

• mankhwala wopangidwa ndi zitsulo kapena matabwa bwinobwino kuchapidwa ndi degreased.

• pamwamba pake ndi opukutidwa, ndi zina pang'ono nsaluzi zinkangokhala.

• Anachita bwino patina. Utoto chotchuka ntchito ndi akiliriki. Nyimbo amenewa ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi mavuto chilengedwe ndipo motero yotchipa. Other, utoto zodula angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga mankhwala yaing'ono.

• Akuthamanga pamwamba umapezeka. Pankhaniyi, yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda mbali mpumulo zake zili ndi zamkati kukhala mdima. Chifukwa, likukhalira pa m'goli malankhulidwe "patinovoe" ❖ kuyanika.

• mankhwala ndi ataphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza kuteteza varnish kapena mafuta (nkhuni).

Okalamba linapanga, stamped ndiponso kuumbidwa nkhani kudzera mankhwala

reagents Patinated amagwiritsidwa kwambiri kupanga mankhwala kukongoletsa zitsulo. Pofuna kupeza munthu wolemekezeka filimu pa zinthu monga coining, ziboliboli, ndi grating T. G. Kodi ntchito zosiyanasiyana mankhwala. Natural patina wobiriwira pa mkuwa, mkuwa ndi mkuwa akutsutsa zovuta kuchita. Koma inu mukhoza kutenga patina a mitundu zina zosangalatsa. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zina mankhwala mankhwala mkuwa wapangidwa ngati zikuchokera:

• sulfuric chiwindi - 2.3 ga;

• mchere - 3.2 ga;

• madzi - 1 lita imodzi.

Pa kukhudzana ndi mankhwala mkuwa analandira yankho pa iwo amaoneka yowala patina zosangalatsa mthunzi wa imvi.

Kukalamba mkuwa yokumba zinthu chokongoletsera kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chiphunzitso chotere:

• sernovatistonatrievaya mchere (fixer pojambula) - 60 ga;

• asidi nitric - 5 ga

Chifukwa cha kuyanjana zosakaniza izi wolimba anachita wayamba. Mtundu patina mu nkhani iyi, likukhalira pafupifupi wakuda. njira kugwiritsa ntchito mbuye mwamsanga (pazipita kwa mphindi 20). Zina wotaya katundu wake ndipo osayenera patination.

Monga mukuonera, kuti okalamba zinthu zitsulo zokongoletsa mankhwala njira kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito yoopsa kwambiri thanzi la munthu. Choncho kutulutsa patina yekha ndi magolovesi ndi mazenera lotseguka.

Zomwe amagwiritsa matenthedwe patinated

Njira imeneyi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mankhwala zitsulo wokongola. Mwachitsanzo, kwa m'njira yosavuta anapanga burnishing. Zitsulo aikidwa mu moto ndipo anali kumeneko mpaka redness a. Kenako mwamsanga choviikidwa mu chidebe cha mafuta makina. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, padziko zitsulo aumbike pasanapite nthawi patinovy wakuda scurf.

Apa mu njira iyi ndi ntchito kuti zitsulo ndi matabwa pamalo yokumba "patina." Kodi ife akupezeka. Mokulira ndi patina zachilengedwe - ndi chinyezimiro thupi la mankhwala kuchokera tsiku kupanga zaka zambiri, zaka, kapena zaka. Mtundu womwewo wa osiyana luso lopanga ukalamba ntchito pa kwambiri kupanga mitundu yonse ya zinthu zokongoletsera zimene zingachititse mkati mwa olemekezeka kukhala ndi zapamwamba.