Papin, Denis - unlucky namatetule

Za iye kawirikawiri kulemba kuti anabadwa molawirira kwambiri - pa nkhondo chipembedzo cha Katolika, iye sanali bwalo. Iye anaonekera kwa kuwala osachepera zaka handiredi kenako - luso ndi mphamvu kudzabweretsa Akapeza kwa kutukuka kwa mafakitale.

Koma iyo idzabwera popanda anthu ngati Papen? Denis - munthu amene anapanga cha m'ma XVII kuti imathandizira patsogolo luso kwambiri kuposa.

The dokotala anafika-wasayansi

adzabadwira wake anali yaing'ono m'tauni Shiten ili pafupi Blois - Center Loir ndi Cher. atate wake - achifumu mlangizi Denis Papin (Denis nalo dzina lake). Anabadwa wasayansi m'tsogolo osati kwenikweni zikudziwika, koma amene anasonyeza biographies wa - August 22, 1647 - tsiku la ubatizo. Zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo Papen banja a Huguenots - French nthambi ya Chiprotestanti.

Amene anatchedwa wotchuka French sayansi Denis Papin analandila maphunziko sanali pachimake. Mu banja mayi anga - Madlen Pino - onse kale mwamuna kukhala madotolo, ndi mwana wake woyamba, iye ndi kukaphunzira zachipatala. Titamaliza sukulu Jesuit mu 1661 anayamba kuphunzira zokhudza zachipatala pa University of chimam'kwiyitsa.

Aphunzitsi ndi m'kalasi Denis Sipanatenge nthawi yaitali kuti mankhwala akumutenga iye kutali zosakwana masamu ndi sayansi. Anali kuona changu zoonekeratu kuti zatsopano thupi, kumene anasonyeza Papen. Denis anali ndi mavuto ndi kumasulidwa ku yunivesite, ndi issuance a kalata ya akamaliza njira kwa iye anawonetseredwa kudzichepetsa zoonekeratu. Komabe, akadzafika mu Paris mu 1670 ndi cholinga kuyambira ntchito monga dokotala.

Wothandizira Hristiana Gyuygensa

Monga chinali chizolowezi, iye anali makalata lovomereza kupempha thandizo yothetsa ku likulu. Mmodzi wa anthuwo anali wopita kwa mkazi wa nduna achifumu, Jean-Baptiste Colbert - Marie Charron, mbadwa ya malo omwewo kuti Papen. Denis pa kucheza ndi mwamuna wake kuti akufuna kuchita kafukufuku, ndipo iye anali mwayi. Colbert m'malo mwa mfumu gulu ntchito ndi nawo asayansi otchuka Hristiana Gyuygensa, amene ankafuna munthu wothandizira. Denis yawo kunali kofunika malo awa.

Iye anayamba kuthandiza ndi Huygens kuyesera zingalowe kenako chidwi ndi munthu wa ku Netherlands wotchuka. Makamaka, iye wangwiro mpweya mpope, amene analengedwa mothandizidwa ndi chikhalidwe zingalowe, kwa nthawi yoyamba kutsatira ndi valavu wapadera. Mu 1674 anafalitsa buku Papen "New zatsopano ndi wachabechabe" anadzipereka zotsatira za chilengedwe airless zomera ndi zamoyo. Ntchito ya Papen ndi mpope wake anadziŵa Robert Boyle, m'modzi wa omwe adayambitsa wa British Royal Society, lomwe anapempha France mu London.

Papin ku England

Kuyambira 1676 mpaka 1681 anagwira London, mu mgwirizano wabwino ndi Boyle, kenako asayansi ena otchuka - Robert Hooke. Imakhala akafuna kutulukira zinthu kuphunzira katundu mpweya, imodzi akugwira nawo ntchito zawo.

Mu 1679 anapereka chidali chifuniro chake - "ndi digester latsopano, kapena njira kufewetsa mafupa" - pa zinachitika a kuthamanga cooker zamakono autoclave kwa kutentha mankhwala zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Pamene ikupanga izi anagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso adalandira monga wasayansi ndi. Denis Papin akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito pamene kuphika nyama kuthamanga chifukwa cha magetsi. cauldron wake - chotengera ndi chivundikiro, amene ananamizira ndi zomangira, amene amalola kuti zikayamba. Chivundikiro anaikidwa vavu kulemedwa katundu, kulola kusewera pa kuthamanga owonjezera.

Koma amene anayambitsa zowawa mavuto - kukatentha wake sanapezeke tiligwiritse ntchito. Kagwere akhomere zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kulephera msanga kumasula mpweya pambuyo kuphika kumapeto offsetting phindu mu nthawi - amayenera kuyembekezera yozizira kuchotsa chivundikiro. Ntchito chitsanzo cha cooker kuthamanga anabwera pambuyo zaka zoposa ziwiri.

Nsautso a ku Ulaya

Mu 1681 anapita ku Italy pa kuyitana kwa Giovanni Ambrosio Sarotte, pulezidenti wa Venice Academy of Science, amene analota kuti adzalipereka tanthauzo, wofanana ndi amene anali Paris Academy ndi Royal Society of London. Koma khama lake si zimene zinachitika pamene iye anakana ndalama ku boma.

Ku Ulaya zakulitsa kuzunzidwa Achiprotestanti, koma chifukwa cha chiyembekezo chakuti malamulo Louis XIV kuteteza ufulu wa Huguenots, Papin wataya mwayi wobwerera kwawo. Ndi 1684 kuti 1687 anagwira London, anasamukira ku Germany, ndipo agwira malo a pulofesa wa masamu pa yunivesite ya Marburg. Apo iye akufuna kukwatira msuweni wake, amene anathawira ku chizunzo France ndipo anasiya mkazi wamasiye ndi mwana wamng'ono mu mikono yake.

Anayambitsa injini nthunzi

Mu 1690 anafalitsa ikulongosola za chipangizo kwa madzi ikukoka, amene choyamba ntchito injini nthunzi. Kutulukira galimoto, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya nthunzi, izo chinachititsa kuti luso limene tingaphunzire pa ntchito yake pa digester lapansi. Kenako anamva mphamvu ya mphamvu woyamba nthunzi mkangano. Kulengedwa mfundo akhala bwino m'njira zambiri njira makalata ndi Gottfried Leibniz, pofotokoza ambiri mavuto ongolankhula ndi othandiza sayansi zimene zinachititsa katswiri kwambiri naye. Denis Papin choyamba ntchito kuphika nthunzi otentha mu chidebe osiyana - mphika - ndi valavu chitetezo m'njira zambiri anapanga ntchito injini kwenikweni nthunzi. Asayansi akamufunsirire ntchito galimoto anu ngolo kudziletsa injini ndi maboti, amasamukira mofulumira ndi panopa, ntchito nkhafi ndikupita gudumu.

Ganizo la mtsinje Sitima antagonizing ndi munalidi gulu wamphamvu onyamula mtsinje amene anaona mpikisano amphamvu m'chombo, amene akupangidwa Denis Papin. Chithunzi cha wasayansi pa maziko a chotengera kudziletsa injini, wawononga khamu la boatmen ndi boatmen nthawi zambiri lofalitsidwa m'mabuku a mbiri yakale, ngakhale zolondola zokhudza mfundo sikuti waliteteza.

Papen anali patsogolo ndi zina kwambili kuti malingaliro nthawi. Pakati pawo - latsopano galasi limatsogolera ng'anjo, choyambirira Ballista - milandu mfuti kwa kuponya ataliatali, kuphatikizapo mwa mpweya (a zinachitika kwa mabomba roketi-injini). Mu cholowa chake - sitima zapamadzi, mfundo ya ntchito za kuphulika ng'anjo, ntchito zingalowe kwa yosungirako yaitali chakudya, centrifugal mpope.

Mayina manda ndi chipilala chachikulu

Tsiku lenileni la imfa ya wasayansi kwambiri silikudziwika, komanso malo a manda ake. Akukhulupirira kuti anafa pakati pa 1712 ndi 1714. mu London. Papen zaka posachedwapa unawonongedwa ndi kupanda wathunthu wa ndalama ndi zotsutsana ndi Royal Society, lomwe anatsutsa patsogolo ake Kutulukira kukatentha ndi nthunzi.

Ndi cipande zaka mochedwa kuwalakwira maulemu, limene pambuyo pake kupereka kwa Denis Papin. Chithunzi cha wasayansi decorates wa Paris Academy, ndi Royal Society, iye anali mu mabuku onse pa mbiriyakale ya sayansi. Chidwi kukula mkuwa fano anaika kunyumba Blois sayansi.

Chifaniziro cha namatetule sindimamvetsedwa, ndi ntchito kutsimikizira kuti mafakitale ndi ayambe sayansi, changwiro cha m'ma XIX, ndipo ali mizu French.