Ozungulira boma kuchepekedwa bajeti

Boma kuchepekedwa bajeti ndi kuchuluka imene mtengo wake pachaka upambana revenues. Lingaliro pamwamba ndi yogwirizana ndi tanthauzo la "ngongole boma" - Uwerenge nongole a boma kapena owayimilira malamulo kapena anthu. Choncho, ntchito kungakhale kunja kapena mkati.

The kuchepekedwa a boma bajeti chaka akhoza ataphimbidwa ndi kuwonjezeka ngongole dziko. Komanso, pali ndalama nkhani. Tikumbukenso kuti ngakhale bajeti moyenera mu boma silimanena chuma wathanzi. Zimenezi zikugwira ntchito makamaka kwa choncho kumene dziko limakhala ndi ngongole zambiri.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuchepekedwa bajeti. The chachikulu kutchulidwa zotsatirazi:

1. Cyclical.
2. Kandalama.
3. Sikuyenda.
4. Chachikulu.
5. The quasi-zachuma.

Ozungulira boma kuchepekedwa bajeti ndi chifukwa cha anamanga-stabilizers zachuma. "Anamanga mu" (basi) stabilizers ndi njira yapadera ya chuma, mwa njira imene n'zotheka ndichepe matalikidwe a kusinthasintha cyclical mu linanena bungwe ndi ntchito misinkhu. Choncho si ikuchitika kusintha pafupipafupi malangizo a zachuma. stabilizers imeneyi m'mayiko otukuka ndi dongosolo msonkho ndi kusintha boma (ulova inshuwalansi makamaka), komanso dongosolo la phindu kugawana. zimagwirira Makinawa kumlingo kuchepetsa vuto la lags yaitali mfundo discretionary zachuma. Izi zimatheka makamaka chifukwa chakuti stabilizers anayamba paokha, popanda boma.

Mu chimango cha mfundo discretionary zachuma yotithandiza okwana (akaphatikiza) kufunika pa slowdown zochita zenizeni atengedwa ndi boma. njira izi umalimbana kulera mlingo wa linanena bungwe ndi ntchito. Mu ndondomeko ya awo kukhazikitsa, popeza kuti ena mitundu (mwachitsanzo, ndikukhazikitsa pulogalamu ya ndalama zokhudzana ndi mapangidwe ntchito yatsopano) kuwonjezeka bajeti kapena kusiyiratu misonkho, kulenga cholinga cha kusowa ndalama mu dziko. Pa nthawi yomweyo pa chikweza zithetsedwe kufufuma amalenga prerequisites akulimbana zotsala.

ndondomeko Discretionary boma kugwirizana ndi lags mkati kwambiri nthawi, chifukwa kusintha kapangidwe mtengo kapena mitengo kwa misonkho zikutanthauza kukambirana yaitali pa mlingo aphungu.

Mu sanali discretionary zachuma malamulo a boma kuchepekedwa bajeti, komanso ubweya wake ndi kwaiye basi. Izi zimakhudza stabilizers Integrated zachuma.

Mapangidwe nyumba imayenera inshuwalansi ntchito ndi progressivity msonkho imatengedwa patsogolo, anatsatira m'mayiko ndi mawonekedwe kusintha chuma. Mu zinthu izi, cholinga mavuto mfundo olimba limodzi ndi kupanda mulingo woyenera ndalama, zachuma, ndi zina zimagwirira zolimbana mwa zinthu zazikulu za citukuko.

Mlingo wa "anamanga-bata zachuma" mwachindunji amadalira ntchito za kuwononga bajeti cyclical. Iwo basi "mantha absorbers" okwana (akaphatikiza) kufunika kusinthasintha. Vutolo limachitika chifukwa chakuti ena mitundu ya ndalama bajeti (msonkho revenues, makamaka) ndi kuwonjezeka (kucheperachepera) imodzi ndi kuchepetsa ndi (kuchuluka) mu kusintha kwa maziko a sakuyendetsa (nyamuka) za polojekiti entrepreneurial.