Ophiphiritsa - ndichiyani? Tanthauzo ndi kutanthauzira

Pa ophiphiritsa izo anali mmodzi wa yowala ndipo ambiri lodziwika zidzachitike chimakono, adali ndi mphamvu pa chitukuko cha luso, ndakatulo, nyimbo ndi mabuku. Mbali yapadera anali kuti m'malo fano luso anayamba ntchito khalidwe zenizeni, amene ananena kwa masiyanidwe a moyo ndi kufufuza choonadi chenicheni.

Features

Ophiphiritsa. Kodi mawu akuti izi? Mbali A kumene ichi chinali kusintha si yokha luso, mabuku kapena nyimbo, ndipo anasintha maganizo kwa magulu awa. The Symbolists anali experimenters, iwo anali kufunafuna zinthu zatsopano, chilengedwe ndi mosalekeza. Chifukwa chaichi, ena zizindikiro, zizindikiro, miyambi, zinsinsi, akupangira ndi kutineneza.

Ntchito yaikulu ndi anachita malangizo a m'maganizo anthu. Kuti amalenga koyenera ena kapena kugwirizana pakati pa chinthucho kapena chodabwitsa ndi njira yake. Ophiphiritsa, Acmeism, Futurism ndi m'madera ena nthawi imeneyi anali ndi chitukuko chachikulu mu wotsatira chikhalidwe, mabuku, nyimbo ndi luso.

Zikamera akuti

Malangizo ophiphiritsa anaonekera mu zaka 60-70 cha m'ma 19 ku France. Kuchokera kumeneko chinafalikira ku mayiko ena. mfundo zake anaperekedwa estetichekie ndakatulo Jean Moreanosom m'nkhani wake "ophiphiritsa."

Kodi izo mfundo wolemba? Moreans ankanena kuti chizindikiro - ndi zosemphana ndi chiphunzitso, apamwamba ndi mafotokozedwe yaitali. lingaliro ayenera akuimira mu mtundu chipangizo, kumene zimatheka ndi kulingalira. Kuti tichite zimenezi, wolemba wagwiritsa ntchito kalembedwe makamaka, kuphatikizapo chinsinsi, zovuta mawu mapangidwe, nkhambakamwa ndi manyazi.

umboni

Chinsinsi ndi mystique - si onse amene ali ophiphiritsa. ichi Kodi malangizo kwenikweni? Tingaone zimenezi mothandizidwa ndi makhalidwe ake:

• Chilakolako kulenga chithunzi changwiro cha dziko.
• The kulanda zilakolako kwambiri wochenjera ndipo imperceptible wa moyo.
• Mkulu zithunzi, omasuka ndi musicality.
• akupangira ntchito ndi omaliza lotseguka.
• Mlingo mkulu wa ntchito phokoso ndi chuma rhythmic mabuku ndi ndakatulo.
• Chidzalo cha mawu zosiyanasiyana m'nkhaniyi.
• Aestheticization imfa.
• Lathu kwa osankhika wa owerenga.

An khalidwe zofunika analinso chakuti mawu ena kukhala cipher, chinsinsi chimene akhoza kumasulira munthu mothandizidwa ndi m'maganizo mwake ndi moyo.

Mawonetseredwe kumene mabuku, ndakatulo ndi luso

Ophiphiritsa, Acmeism ndi madera ena anali ndi mphamvu pa mabuku, luso komanso ndakatulo. Iwo anadzaza ndi tanthauzo latsopano ndi kuloledwa kuchita china kuyang'ana pa munthuyo.

Koma luso, mu nthawi iyi, yodziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zifaniziro wamkazi kuperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a nyama, mitengo kapena zochitika zachilengedwe. Iwo limakupatsani kulenga mayanjano zovuta ndi nthano. Choonadi chobisika m'maso mwa munthu, koma Tingaone mwa mphamvu ndi kulumikiza ntchito ya chikumbumtima ndi.

Zolembalemba ophiphiritsa ali tatikulu ndi mbiri yotchuka. Za olemba a nthawi ino analenga Musanyengedwe ambiri, zizindikiro chinsinsi ndi zizindikiro, zimene akugwiritsa nsalu mu prose wa. Zitsanzo za izi ndi ntchito Dzhona Steynbeka, William Golding ndi ena.

Ndakatulo wakhala yaikulu komanso mabuku posungira wa ophiphiritsa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ndakatulo ndi mafotokozedwe ochepa, choncho ndi abwino kuswana pansi kugwirizana zodabwitsa ndi zizindikiro zawo, komanso ntchito Musanyengedwe, mafanizo ndi chinsinsi.

Kusiyana ikuimira ndi mafunde zina

Mu 19 mochedwa - m'ma 20, pali zambiri mu chimakono, lomwe ndi mbali zofanana, koma mumaganiza wapadera ndi choyambirira. Nkofunika kudziwa zotsatirazi:

• Acmeism. Iwo anatuluka ophiphiritsa Komabe, iye anakumana. Malangizo mwachidwi, ndi zinthu, kuphweka mafano ndi mawu enieni.
• Futurism. maziko anali kukana zosiyanasiyana olakwika chikhalidwe ndipo chitayiko chawo. An malo zofunikira wotanganidwa ndi makina ndi njira za mizinda, imene ndakatulo anaona tsogolo la dziko.
• Cubo. Yodziwika ndi kukana zolinga za m'mbuyomu ndi kuganizira m'tsogolo. Pakuti ndakatulo ndi ntchito occasionalisms ozunguza.
• Egofuturizm. Am'derali amakhala ndi ntchito mawu atsopano yachilendo, kulima maganizo angwiro ndi zomverera, kuonetsa chikondi cha kudzikonda.
• Imagism. Inde izi ndi kulenga maziko fano yeniyeni. Njira yaikulu ya mawu, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito kuchita zimenezi - ndi mafanizo, komanso gulu lonse la zophiphiritsira chabe ndi flails. Am'derali amakhala ndi ntchito malingaliro anarchist ndi etapazha.

Ophiphiritsa, Acmeism, Futurism ndi m'madera ena m'zaka za m'ma 20, anali ndi mphamvu pa music, luso, ndakatulo, mabuku ndi chikhalidwe ambiri.

Features wa ophiphiritsa Russian

Russian Baibulo kumene poyamba anali mbali chomwecho ndi specifications monga kumadzulo, koma kenako anasonyeza makhalidwe yake. Aestheticization a moyo ndi panestetizm - maziko, adali ndi Russian ophiphiritsa. Ndi chiyani icho? Amenewa amanena za chilakolako m'malo mfundo alipo ndi khalidwe zosiyanasiyana nzeru.

Symbolists Russian kuuzira nyengo mbiri ya romanticism, amakedzana ndi Kubadwa Kwatsopano. Art amaona ngati woyang'anira zonse ndi wokongola komanso oyera. Makamaka n'kofunika kugwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, boma, ndi nthaka. Ichi ndi chosiyana kuchokera otaya ophiphiritsa Russian m'mayiko ena.

zaka Silver

Mawu amenewa amatchedwa mphako nthawi ya ndakatulo Russian, amene anaonekera mu m'ma 20. Nthawiyi kugwirizana ndi mayina monga Nikolay Gumilev, dzina lake Aleksandr Blok, Vladimir Mayakovsky ndi anthu ena zabwino.

Ikuimira ya Silver Age wakhala m'goli ndi akhoza kugawidwa mu magawo awiri:

• Senior. Alakatuli nthawi anazindikira ophiphiritsa monga chilengedwe cha maganizo ndi makhalidwe luso. Iwo amagwira ntchito yofunika kuno aesthetics. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo Bryusov, Balmont, Merezhkovsky, Sologub, ndi ena.
• Junior. Ophiphiritsa amaona ngati chodabwitsa ndi akatswiri achipembedzo. Izi ukufanizidwa ndi chipika maina, White, Ivanov neri Al.

Ophiphiritsa - mzere yowala ya chimakono, adali ndi mphamvu pa nyimbo, ndakatulo, mabuku ndi luso. Mbali khalidwe kumene anali kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za chinsinsi, vagueness, sipangakhalenso anatsegula kudzera m'maganizo ndi mphamvu. Ophiphiritsa anali ndi zambiri zofanana ndi zina m'zaka za m'ma 20 Koma zinali zosiyana m'maganizo ndi wapadera.

mwapadera ayenera kuperekedwa ku Russia, kumene ntchito malingaliro Western, koma anapereka yake mbali chosiyana ndi makhalidwe. Izi zikuphatikizapo kulankhulana ndi anthu ndi boma ndi pempho kwa nyengo zosiyana mbiri.