Nzimbe, kupanga ake ndi ntchito

Nzimbe - ndi osatha, herbaceous zomera mkulu zokwanira banja mbewu monga chimanga. Iwo M'madera otentha kwa byproducts sucrose ndi zina shuga kupanga.

Kufotokozera chikhalidwe

Nzimbe zikuwoneka ngati nsungwi. Ake zimayambira kukula mitolo ang'ono, ndi cylindrical moyenera ndi kufika msinkhu wa mamita mpaka asanu ndi makulidwe a masentimita chimodzi mpaka eyiti. Umatheka ndi madzi ndi kupeza shuga. The mfundo iliyonse tsinde ndi masamba (maso) amene anayamba kudwala mu mphukira yaing'ono mbali. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito kuswana nzimbe kafalitsidwe njira. Mbewu anapanga mu kumtunda kwa inflorescences (mu panicles). Iwo ali makamaka ntchito kuswana mtundu watsopano wa nzimbe, ndipo okha nthawi zina - mu mawonekedwe a mbewu.

Nzimbe amafuna lachonde wambiri dzuwa ndi madzi. N'chifukwa chake akulimidwa yekha m'madera nyengo chinyezi ndi kutentha. Kuti pazipita kuchuluka kwa sucrose ku zimayambira (17 peresenti ndi kulemera), kukolola yomweyo pambuyo kutha kwa kukula kwa zomera mu msinkhu.

Ulimi wa nzimbe shuga

Nzimbe ndi akale kwambiri a zomera nakulitsa ndi imodzi yokhayo imene shuga mu Africa, Oceania, Latin America ndi Asia. Ku Ulaya, shuga ku nzimbe opangidwa okha Portugal ndi Spain.

Shuga kupanga mu Russia kunayamba zoyambirira za X VII atumwi, pamene St. Petersburg inamangidwa fakitale koyamba kwa kupanga shuga. Iwo analandira kuchokera kunja yaiwisi nzimbe shuga.

Malinga ndi mwambo, ndi lero pafupifupi m'mayiko onse kumene nzimbe chikamakula, ndondomeko ndi kubala shuga yaiwisi, osati chotsirizidwa mu mawonekedwe a shuga. Kwenikweni, chiyero cha shuga yaiwisi ukufika 98 peresenti. wolowa wake kuti Russia ndi mayiko ena mawonekedwe a zopangira imene kale kupeza shuga.

Chifukwa kusiyana kwambiri mipweya ndi dongosolo la mbewu zimakhala zamakono ndondomeko nzimbe zimasiyana yopanga wa Beet shuga.

Pakuti nzimbe ku mapesi ake tadulidwa pamaso maluwa. Mu panthawi ino ndi peresenti 12 mafuta, ndipo anthu 21 shuga mpaka 73 peresenti ya madzi, komanso mchere ndi nkhani proteinaceous.

Kenako, kudula zimayambira ndi Finyani ndi mafoloko chitsulo cholizira madzi kuchokera kwa iwo. Lili pafupi 0,03 peresenti mapuloteni peresenti 0,1 wowuma peresenti 0,22 asafe munali zinthu peresenti 0,29 salt (makamaka organic zidulo) peresenti 18,36 sucrose peresenti 81 madzi ndi ochepa zigawo zikuluzikulu onunkhira, omwe akutipatsa madzi ndi fungo wapadera. Pakuti kulekanitsa mapuloteni anawonjezera kuti yaiwisi madzi svezhegashenoy laimu ndi mkangano digiri 70. osakaniza ndi osasankhidwa, kenako evaporation kusintha kwa shuga crystallization.

Sucrose: ntchito

Sucrose (shuga vulgare) ndi monoclinic colorless timibulu, mosavuta sungunuka m'madzi. Lalikulu zedi ameneyu amapezeka mu Beet ndi mzimbe, kuchokera umene umatulutsa processing luso.

Sucrose ntchito mwachindunji monga chakudya mankhwala kapena monga mbali ya mankhwala osiyanasiyana Confectionery. Pa woipa mkulu izo ntchito usawonongeke. Komanso, sucrose ntchito makampani mankhwala a yopangira butanol, glycerol, dextran, Mowa ndi citric acid.

Komanso sucrose ndi lofunika kwambiri zopangira makampani mankhwala yopangira kukonzekera mankhwala.

Pomaliza, Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti ndi nzimbe ndi chachikulu zopangira kupanga sucrose. Chimachititsa-magawo awiri a opangidwa shuga padziko lonse.