Nyumba Zamtundu

Malo a Municipal, pamodzi ndi anthu ndi apadera, ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yawo yaikulu ya umwini. Ku Russia, makonzedwe ameneŵa akukhazikitsidwa mwalamulo m'Chilamulo (Gawo 2, Gawo 9). Malinga ndi Malamulo , mabungwe a municipalities ndi omwe ali a mwini nyumba. Mabungwe omwe amadzilamulira okhazikika m'madera omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito powagwiritsa ntchito, kukhala nawo ndi kutaya katundu.

Malo a Municipal akuyendetsedwa ndi mabungwe oyang'anira: gawo, mizinda, midzi, ndi zina zotero. Zinthu zakuthupi ndizo mabungwe a boma, malo osungirako ndalama, malo osakhalamo, ndalama zapakatikati, ndalama zopanda ndalama, zopanga ndalama, malonda, chikhalidwe, maphunziro, chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi zina zotero.

Malo okhala mumzinda wa municipalities amadziwika kwambiri pa makampani ogwira ntchito m'boma kapena amapitsidwira kwa akuluakulu a boma. Pankhani ya kusamutsira katundu ku malonda, ufulu wodzisamalira wothandizirayo umapezeka (malamulo a katundu ndi ufulu wa bizinesi). Mabungwe amalandira ufulu woyendetsa ntchito pa malo osungidwa pa akaunti yawo.

Malo a Municipalities ndi chiyambi cha kukhalapo kwake amasiyana kwambiri ndi gulu la anthu, chifukwa njira zake ndi mphamvu zomwe zimathandizira zosowa ndi zosowa za anthu.

Zakale, katundu wa municipalities akuwongolera maonekedwe ake ndikuphatikizapo kayendedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito. Poyamba, izi zinkangokhala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, maphunziro, chitukuko, kulankhulana, koma ndi chitukuko cha anthu komanso zamakono, zamadzi, magetsi, zotayira madzi, zonyamulira, nyumba ndi malo osakhalamo zinawonjezeredwa kuzinthu zolembedwa, etc. Komabe, Malo amtundu uwu akukhala bwino, mawonekedwe ndi kayendedwe ka kayendetsedwe kabwino akukhala bwino (akatswiri oyenerera nthawi zambiri ndi oyenerera amafunika).

M'mbuyomu, katundu wa municipalities unayambira ngati malo odziimira okha, koma unayamba kupanikizika ndi zipangizo za boma, kumvetsetsa kwake. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwapa, pakhala njira yotsutsana yowonjezera kumasulidwa kwa katundu wa municipalities kuchokera ku kugonjera ku boma komanso kubwerera ku ulamuliro wa boma.

Kuchokera ku boma la umwini, komitiyi imadziwika ndi izi zodziwika bwino: kugwiritsira ntchito kwake kukudziwika ndi kufunafuna zolinga zochepa zowonjezera kusintha moyo wa anthu okhalamo komanso kusintha kwa madera. Malo a boma amayesetsa kukwaniritsa zosowa za nzika zonse, mosasamala za malo awo okhala.

Mwini malo amtundu wa boma amasonyeza ufulu wokhala nawo, kutaya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo a boma. Zinthu izi zimaphatikizapo ziwembu zomwe zinasamutsidwa ku RF kapena maphunziro ake mu umwini wa komiti kapena ngati kuti ndizogwirizana ndi malamulo a federal. Ufulu wokhala ndi nthaka uyenera kuthandizira kalata wa mwiniwake.

Malo a boma (communal) sapezeka m'mayiko onse, koma mwa iwo omwe akupezeka pali zochitika zoyenera za mbiri yakale. Ku Russia, amalingaliridwa pamtundu wa malamulo monga mawonekedwe odziimira okha. Ilo limatanthawuza malo omwe ali ndi ufulu wa malo a mizinda, midzi ya kumidzi ndi kumatauni.