Nyama, zinatha munthu akumvera. Kawirikawiri ndi pangozi nyama

Mu chikhalidwe, nthawizonse chinachake kusinthako, ndi kusintha zimenezi zingakhale ngati zazing'ono komanso padziko lonse. Nyengo kusokonekera, miliri, kuipitsidwa, kudula mitengo - izi zonse zoyipa pa dziko nyama. Zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi kwambiri zogwirizana ndi kutha kwa mitundu kumaonekera zina mwa zinthu zachilengedwe. Mfundo yakuti padziko lathuli pali nyama kawirikawiri ndi pangozi - ziri kwenikweni vuto anthu.

Analimbitsa kusaka pa mapeto a nthawi glacial zinachititsa kuti kutha kwa yaikuluyi ndi wamaonekedwe a nkhope yaubweya rhinoceros, mphanga chimbalangondo ndi mbawala yamphongo bolsherogogo.

A zambiri zoipa dziko nyama wabweretsa Kutulukira moto ndi munthu. The moto anawononga yaikulu m'dera nkhalango.

The zoipa zimakhudza anthu pa zinyama chawonjezeka ndi chitukuko cha ulimi ndi nyama husbandry. Chifukwa cha ichi - chabe anasowa nyama ndi mbalame ataya malo awo, monga m'malo mwa nkhalango yowirira anabwera steppes ndi udzu.

Kusamalira nyama ndi zomera kalekale cholinga Union la International kwa Conservation ya Nature. Akulimbikira pa izi, ndi mabungwe ena. Kawirikawiri ndi pangozi nyama (ndi zomera) omwe alowa mu Red Book. Dziko amene dera kumene kuli anthu, zoopsa, ndi udindo wonse wa anthu atetezedwe awo. Panopa, nkhokwe, malo kulenga zinthu kuteteza nyama zina, kumene akhaonera, anadyetsa, muziona ku matenda ndi adani.

tsamba Special Red Book dzina oopsa - Black Book. Kwalembedwa, zimene nyama mbisoweka nthawi kuchokera ku nkhope, kuyambira 1600. Black Book - chenjezo kwa anthu, ndiponso Ndichikumbutso kwa anthu onse padziko lapansi kuti kubwera ndi zosatheka. Buku la nyama zinatha nthawi zonse zatsopano. Pa masamba ake mitundu mazana angapo. Ndipo ndi ziwerengero wachisoni kwambiri.

Nkhaniyi limafotokoza nyama zina kuti zinafa chifukwa cha munthuyo.

Tasmanian kapena Tasmanian nkhandwe

Malo a nyama ndi kumtunda Australia ndi chilumba cha New Guinea. Nthawi yoyamba nkhandwe marsupial kusintha malo awo pambuyo anthu anasamukira ku chilumba dingo agalu. Anawathamangitsa marsupial nkhandwe anali pa chilumba cha Tasmania, komwe anayamba mwankhanza kuwononga alimi a kumeneko kuyesera kutetezera nkhosa.

kazembe womaliza wa mitundu, anaphedwa mu 1930. Tsiku lomaliza la mofulumira wake akuti ndi 1936, pamene Australia Zoo anafa ndi ukalamba otsiriza Tasmanian nkhandwe.

wamaonekedwe a nkhope yaubweya yaikuluyi

Amakhulupirira kuti malo a nyama ndi Siberia, ndipo kenako unafalikira Europe ndi North America. Mammoth sanali wamkulu monga munthu akhoza kuganiza. Mu kukula zinali pang'ono amakono njovu.

nyama zimenezi, zinatha anthu kwachititsa (mwina), ankakhala magulu. Iwo anasamuka ku malo kukafunafuna chakudya, yomwe inkafuna ambiri ndithu iwo. mammoths gulu lotsogoleredwa ndi mkazi.

Mofulumira wathunthu mitundu izi zinachitika zikwi khumi zapitazo. akatswiri a masiku ano timakonda ndikukhulupirira kuti chifukwa chachikulu ndi kutha kwa mammoths anali amuna, ngakhale kuti pali maganizo ena ambiri (kusintha kwa nyengo, miliri, etc.).

Mauritius Dodo (Dodo)

mbalame wachita kale ankaona lanthano, osati alipo mu chikhalidwe.
Ndipo pokhapokha mwapadera bungwe ulendo anapeza mabwinja a Dodo wa Mauritius, mtundu wa kukhalapo kuboma. Komanso, anawonetsedwa kuti mbalame awa anaphedwa anthu.

A kuopseza kuli mbalame Dodo anakhala oyendetsa Dutch, amene anatulukira mu 1598. Dodo Mauritian kwathunthu mbisoweka mwina 1681. Apaulendo chinathandiza ichi, komanso nyama anabweretsa atsamunda ku Mauritius.

ng'ombe ya nsomba

Ulendo wa Vitus Bering anapeza nyama mu 1741. Doctor Georg Steller - woyambitsa kufotokozera kwambiri mwatsatanetsatane m'nyanja (Steller) ng'ombe. Ndipotu, ulemu, ndi mtundu watsopano dzina lake.

Animal moyo pa gombe la Islands Mtsogoleri, anali ndi kukula kwake, ndiponso anali amangokhala. Alibe mantha a anthu ndi nyama chokoma wachititsa kwe wathunthu zaka makumi atatu pambuyo chotulukira.

Nyama ndi mafuta ntchito mu chakudya, zopangidwa ndi zikopa za bwato. The ndondomeko ya adani ndi kupha nyanja ng'ombe ankakonda zachiwawa: nyama anaponya mikondo ndi kuloledwa zikuyenda chiyembekezo kuti thupi la ng'ombeyo akufa adzapanga gombe.

view anali inawonongedwa mu 1768.

njiwa

Pofika kumayambiriro kwa m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, mbalame izi ndi wochuluka kwambiri pa Dziko Lapansi, koma, ngakhale, iwo sanali kusamalira kupulumuka.

Nkhunda, omwe malo okhala anali malo ano United States ndi Canada, zikukangalika ankasakidwa ndi atsamunda anafika ku America.

Chiwerengero cha mbalame utachepa pang'onopang'ono mpaka 1870, ndiyeno panali kuchepa lakuthwa chiwerengero chawo. Membala wotsiriza wa mitundu opezeka kuthengo mu 1900.

chaka mitundu mbisoweka kwathunthu ku nkhope ya dziko lapansi, akuti ndi 1914 pamene mbalame, dzina lake Marita, anafa osungirako.

North Africa mphalapala ng'ombe

Animal wa subfamily wa antelopes lalikulu moyo mu Africa, wasoŵa pa mapu a dziko lapansi pakati pa zaka mazana makumi awiri.

Chifukwa chakuti nyama izi mwachangu kusaka, oimira otsiriza a mtundu izi zikhoza kupezeka mu zovuta kwambiri kuti munthu amaika mu Africa. Mu 1954, nyama anakhala zinatha kwathunthu.

Yavani nyalugwe

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, nyalugwe imeneyi pa dera la chilumba cha Java. Animal zonse kukwiya m'deralo kuti angapange kusakasaka yogwira iye.

Ndi 1950, Java anali pafupifupi 25 akambuku, ndipo theka la iwo anali malo mwapadera analenga. Mwatsoka, izo sanali kuthandiza kupulumutsa anthu - mu 1970 panali akambuku zokha.

Mu chaka chomwecho, nyama mbisoweka kwathunthu ku nkhope ya dziko lapansi. Ngakhale nthawi zina pali malipoti kuti chilumba Yavani nyalugwe anapezeka kachiwiri. Koma Kulemba nkhani iyi, palibe.

Zanzibar nyalugwe

Mbiri ya kuwonongedwa kwa chinyama ichi ndi zachilendo kwambiri. Zanzibar nyalugwe am'deralo mwadala awonongedwe, kupita pa kukasaka ndi kudutsa dziko. Ndipo si nyama ndi khungu la nyama anakopeka anthu. Iye akhapidziwa kuti nyalugwe izi amagwirizana ndi mfiti, amene zikugwira kuswana ndi kuphunzitsa anthu a mitundu, ndipo kenako kuwagwiritsa ntchito othandizira pa ntchito zawo mdima.

Kukufafanizani anyalugwe inayamba mu 1960. Kwathunthu mbisoweka nyama zimenezi ngakhale pambuyo zaka makumi atatu.

Pyrenean Mbuzi ya kumapiri

Ndi mmodzi wa amitundu inayi Spanish mbuzi zam'tchire. Mpaka masiku athu, nyama sakanakhoza kupulumuka, ndi imfa ya membala wotsiriza unali zopusa kwambiri - mu mtengo nyama anagwa wosweka iye.

M'chaka cha 2000 imatengedwa wathunthu mofulumira asayansi anayesa choyerekeza Pyrenean mbuzi ya kumapiri, koma kuti ndipulumutse khanda analephera, monga anali ndi vuto ambiri kubadwa.

Western wakuda Chipembere

Zaka zingapo zapitazo nyama anatsimikizidwa zinatha. Chifukwa cha ichi anali kupha nyama zonse m'malire a malo ake, amene ndi Cameroon. Nyama zimenezi mbisoweka chifukwa cha munthu, tili ndi nyanga wapatali kwambiri, amene ntchito mu maphikidwe ambiri mankhwala Chinese.

Search kupulumuka rhinos inayamba mu 2006, koma osati kunathandiza. Choncho, mtundu analengeza zinatha. Komanso, rhinos ena pa zobvuta kutha.

Chaka mitundu ikutha m'nkhani 2011.

Nkhani imeneyi kumakhala yekha nyama zina kuti zinafa chifukwa cha munthuyo. zoposa 844 mitundu akhala zinawonongedwa pa m'mbuyomu zaka mazana asanu.