Nomad - mnansi wobvutika kapena bwenzi zothandiza? Oyendayenda mu mbiri ya Russia

History of Ancient Russia - phunziro la mtsutso zambiri, monga nyengo chachikulu ichi, ndi nzeru zathu za izo, tsoka, zochepa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti mtunda zosatha kunatimwazanisa na ndzidzi mwayi kuchuluka kwa phunziro mu mbiri yakale lero ndi ofukula nawobe kwambiri. Ndiyamika maofesi kafukufuku ndi luso la sayansi zakale mabwinja ndipo zakale ali anaphunzira mozamirapo. Choncho, asayansi kupeza mfundo zambiri. Apa Mwachitsanzo, posachedwapa mbiri yakale ananyamula kuphunzira mfundo yachilendo kwa Kievan Lazaro, ndipo kodi zinachitika wakale wongosamukasamuka. Mfundo kuti zinawululidwa, anali chidwi kwambiri.

Cumans ndi Ancient Lazaro

Kodi tikudziwa pa maphunziro a anthu a mitundu wosamukasamuka, ndithu akufanana ndi zenizeni. Nomad - si woimira theka-molapitsa fuko, amene ankafuna kulanda ndi kupha. Apa Mwachitsanzo, Polovtsy - fuko woyendayendawu nalo dzina lake pa mtundu wachikasu tsitsi la owayimilira - ankachita ng'ombe kuswana ndi malonda.

Komanso iwonso anali amphamvu kwambiri ndipo anakwanitsa kwa zaka zambiri chifukwa kwambiri za mavuto akalonga malo komanso wozengereza anawazunza m'mayiko a Kievan Lazaro. A zaka ingapo Cumans anakhala Bole kutsogolera moyo wongokhala. Mwina ameneyu luso lawo nkhondo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mafuko anadzakhala mbali ya Golden gulu asiya umunthu wawo. zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ochepa kwambiri za thupi Polovtsy, Tingaone mwa kuchezera woyendayendawu chikhalidwe owonetsera zakale kapena kuyang'ana mu zopereka payekha.

Pechenegi

Pali kungoganizira kuti Pechenegs anatuluka ndi mgwirizano wa Turkey wakale ndi Sarmatians. Izo zinachitika kucheza m'chigawo kum'mawa kwa Volga. Pecheneg-nomad - nthumwi ya anthu amene ankakhala dongosolo la fuko. mafuko anagawidwa nthambi awiri, omwe anali 8 mafuko, ndiko, 40 genera. Iwo ankachita makamaka kuswana ng'ombe ndi malonda, choyamba akungoyendayenda pakati pa Urals ndi Volga.

Mbali chidwi a fuko limeneli chizolowezi kusiya akaidi moyo mwa mabanja awo, kuwapatsa ufulu yomweyi kuti anali anthu zakwawoko. Inapeza zambiri umboni kuti ife tikhoza kuwona ngati inu pitani m'nyumbayi woyendayendawu chikhalidwe.

Kuti anawazunza ambiri Pechenegs Kievan Lazaro olamulira inamchititsa kuyamba zikuluzikulu yomanga mpanda wolimba kwambiri. Pamene 1036 Prince Yaroslav Mudry inapha linagonja Pechenegs, anayamba nthawi ya kuwonongeka. Izi anali ntchito ndi mogwirizana ndi mafuko ena woyendayendawu. Mbiri yakale amati potsiriza Pechenegs anakakhala wamakono Hungary, kusakanikilana ndi mafuko m'deralo.

The Khazars

Mu panopa South Russia zaka zambiri zapitazo anakhala anthu, za chiyambi cha zimene asayansi ndi kukanda mitu yawo. Iwo Khazars. Wokongola wokwera, ndi lodziwa kumene kuli luso ndi mosaopa wankhondo-wongosamukasamuka. Ilo likuti zonse za izo, Khazars. Mu mbiri yonse ya anthu oyendayenda amene ankakhala m'nyengo ya Russia wakale, iwo anali m'madera waukulu. Khanate awo prostilalsya northerners kuchokera pansi pa mbali ya kumpoto Caucasus. Komanso yowonjezera Khazars kupewedwa kulimbitsa Kievan Lazaro.

Ulichi, vyatichi ndi zina

Pakati zosiyanasiyana anthu a mafuko a Lazaro wakale anaphunzira ndipo anazindikira mwa sayansi boma si kwambiri. Mwatsoka, ambiri a umboni anakhalabe kuwerengedwa ife. Mafuko ena sanali anayesa kulanda dzikolo, kuyambira Kievan Lazaro, ndi mosemphanitsa - anafuna kuchotsa kukopa kwake. Ufulu wawo, kumenyana Ulichi kuti kumene kuli magombe za Dnieper pafupi ndi Black Sea gombe. "Nthano ya makedzana Zaka" amatchulanso mafuko monga vyatichi, drevlyans ndi Volhynians. Otsiriza awiri ndi gawo la fuko Drevlyane gulu nakhala ku chigwa cha ku Pripyat Mtsinje.

Zothandiza nyumba wongosamukasamuka

Nomad - nthawizonse osati woyandikana oopsa, amene n'kotheka, amayesetsa sadula chidutswa cha gawo kapena kufunkha mzinda, alinso malonda okondedwa. Monga mafuko woyendayendawu anasamukira gawo lalikulu, salinso anakumana ndi katundu, miyambo, ndi pamenepo pokha kupita nako anthu a m'madera kuthetsedwa. Koma yaikulu woyendayendawu ufumu akhoza kwambiri kusonkhezera zochita za moyo wa Kievan Lazaro ndi mayiko ena.

Ancient Lazaro ndi wongosamukasamuka - pafupi asapita malonda, kufotokoza miyambo. Amagwiritsidwanso zinakhudza kwambiri mwa mafuko yoyendayenda zikhulupiriro za nthawi wakale Asilavo Chikristu chisanayambe. zimakhudza awo pa malo inatha moonadi anali akulu, koma pali wina amene angatsutse mfundo yonena kuti ufumu okha amene anapirira alimbane a mafuko wosamukasamuka, Kievan Lazaro. Sikuti anapulumuka, komanso odzipereka madzindza mazinji. Koma chifukwa cha mayamwidwe ichi, iwo anali akasamuka okha kwa nthawi yaitali umunthu wawo.