Nkhunda, matenda awo ndi chithandizo. Matenda a njiwa, owopsa kwa anthu

Kutalika pamene nkhunda ndi chizindikiro cha uthenga wabwino ndi chiyero. Lero mbalamezi zodabwitsa zimakhala pafupi ndi ife. Mizinda ikuluikulu ya ku Ulaya ndi dziko lapansi silingakhoze kulingalira popanda mbalame zokongola izi. Nkhunda zakhala ngati zokopa, monga alendo ambirimbiri amayesa kuwagwira pamaliro mwa kamera yawo.

Popeza zolengedwa izi ndi oyandikana nawo, ndi bwino kumvetsera kusintha khalidwe lawo, chifukwa nthawi zambiri iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yodziwira kuti mbalameyo ikudwala. Musaiwale kuti pali matenda a njiwa, owopsa kwa anthu. Kuwunika thanzi lawo ndilofunikira makamaka kwa nkhunda, chifukwa matenda opatsirana amatha kuthetseratu zinyama, komanso zimapweteketsa thanzi la anthu.

Mukamabereka mbalame, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti, monga momwe zilili ndi anthu, zimakhala zosavuta kuti tipewe matenda kusiyana ndi kuchiza. Pankhaniyi, "zilonda" za mbalame zimakhala zachilengedwe. Kutanthauza kuti, kuchoka ndi mantha pang'ono (kutanthauza, kutaya kwa 1-2 anthu) sikudzapambana. Pali matenda ambiri a etiology yosiyana, yomwe nkhunda zimayambira. Matenda awo ndi chithandizo zimafuna njira zamaluso komanso thandizo lachipatala. Izi ndi zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbalame ziziwerengeka.

Chiyambi cha matenda

Matenda a njiwa akhoza kutenga kachilomboka komanso opatsirana. Kukula kwa matenda nthawi zambiri kumakhala kulephera kutsatira zokhudzana ndi kudyetsa mbalame, kudyetsa ndi kukula, kuphwanya odyetsa zaukhondo, oledzera ndi ndege, katundu wolemetsa komanso mazira ambiri. Zonsezi zimathandiza kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mbalame ndi kufooketsa thupi lake.

Mankhwala owopsa kwambiri omwe amachititsa matenda a nkhunda ndi opatsirana opatsirana. Angathe kukhala mabakiteriya, mavairasi, parasitic ndi fungal m'chilengedwe. Pakati pa matenda omwe nkhunda zimatuluka, matenda a chiwopsezo ndi owopsa kwambiri. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingakhudze thupi laumunthu, kuwonetsa chithunzithunzi cha matenda enaake kapena kuchepa kwakukulu mu chitetezo cha thupi.

Zizindikiro zamtunduwu

Mukamabereka nkhunda, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi labwino komanso pamene zizindikiro zoyamba zimaonekera, mwamsanga muyankhule ndi veterinarian. Nanga ndi zizindikiro zotani za matenda a nkhunda? Ndi matenda alionse pali kuphwanya khalidwe: mbalame siziuluka, zimabisa m'malo amdima, zimakana kudyetsa. Komanso kuchenjeza mwiniwakeyo ayenera kudula nthenga, kutsekedwa maso, kupuma mofulumira, kuwonetsa kambiri kwa zinyama. Akakhala ndi kachilomboka, kutentha kwa thupi kwa mbalame kumatuluka, mtundu ndi kusinthasintha kwa thumba zimasintha, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale gait amasintha.

Ngati pali njiwa zowawa, matenda ndi chithandizo chawo chiyenera kuyendetsedwa bwino. Choncho, munthu wodwalayo ayenera kukhala yekhayekha kwa anthu ambiri pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa zikuwonekera. Ngati muli ndi nkhunda zochokera m'maso, mphuno kapena pakamwa, muyenera kufunsa katswiri nthawi yomweyo, nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zotere zimasonyeza kuti matendawa ndi opatsirana.

Tsopano ganizirani matenda owopsa kwambiri omwe nkhunda zimatululidwa. Matenda ndi chithandizo chawo zimafuna chidwi cha mwiniwake, popeza akhoza kudzivulaza okha.

Zowoneka

Matenda owopsa komanso owopsa a njiwa - pinwheel - amatha kanthawi kochepa kuti agwire nkhuku zonse. Zimayambitsidwa ndi paramyxovirus, yomwe, ngati ingayesedwe, imayambitsa kufooka ndi kusagwirizana kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Ndi kutuluka kwakukulu, kutentha kwa ubongo kungapangidwe. Vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndilo kuthekera kwa kutaya magazi mkati mwa ziwalo zofunika.

Onyamula matendawa ndi mbalame zoweta komanso zakutchire. Kachilombo ka HIV kamapatsirana ndi madontho a m'mlengalenga, koma matenda opyolera muzakumwa zodyera ndi osakaniza alibe.

Kodi ndizizindikiro ziti za matendawa? Zizindikiro ndizochindunji ndipo zimachitika tsiku 4-5 pa matendawa. Mbalame zodwala mutu umatayidwa, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa dongosolo la mitsempha. Matendawa amafalitsa mphezi mofulumira, nthawi zambiri, kale pa tsiku la 9 la matenda, imfa ya mbalameyo imapezeka.

Pakukula kwa ndondomeko, siteji ikudziwika:

1. Gawo loyamba - kuchepa kwa njala, ludzu lowonjezeka, kugona, kunyezimira nthenga.
2. Gawo laimfine - kufooka kumayamba kuchokera pa khosi, ndiye mapiko, miyendo imasiya kusuntha, mbalame ikhoza kugwa, mutu wake umaponyera mmbuyo.
3. Kusokonezeka kwakukulu.

Ichi ndi matenda owopsa kwambiri kwa anthu, njiwa. Vertex ikhoza kukhudza ma lymph nodes ndikupangitsa chitukuko cha conjunctivitis.

Matendawa samayankha mankhwala. Pali zovuta zenizeni zothandizira, zomwe zimathandiza kupewa kufalikira kwakukulu kwa matenda:

1. Mbalame yodwalayo iyenera kuchotsedwa pa dovecote mwakamodzi. Chipindacho chiyenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya 5-10% yothetsera bleach kapena 3% yothetsera vutoli.
2. Ana a nkhunda ayenera katemera pa tsiku la 30 la moyo. Katemera wa Bor-74 ndi La-Sota amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlingo wa madontho awiri a mankhwala 2 nthawi pa tsiku kwa mbalame imodzi kwa masiku asanu.

Nthomba

Nkhunda ya nkhunda ndi matenda aakulu omwe amachitidwa ndi nkhunda yotchedwa ultravirus. Amadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa mucous nembanemba ndi khungu. Ndi mawonekedwe osasamala kwambiri, matendawa amatenga khalidwe losatha.

Nkhumba imafalikira makamaka m'chilimwe. Matendawa ndi ochepa, nkhunda zikuluzikulu zimawoneka ngati zinyama. Matendawa amapezeka kudzera m'magetsi komanso magetsi, komanso kudzera m'magulu a tizilombo. Chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV chimakula chifukwa chosowa ndende, kusowa zakudya m'thupi, nyengo yoipa, komanso kusowa kwa vitamini A. Kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma ndi masiku 15-20.

Pali mitundu itatu ya matendawa a njiwa, zizindikiro zomwe zimasiyana kwambiri kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake:

1. Maonekedwe ang'onoang'ono amadziwika ndi maonekedwe a zikopa za m'mphepete mwa milomo, zikopa ndi khosi, kenako pamilingo ndi pansi pa mapiko. Kukula kwa zotupa kumachitika mkati mwa masiku 12-15, pambuyo pake filimu yamtunduyo imachotsedwa, kuchoka kutuluka kwa magazi. Pa tsiku la 20 chilonda chimauma ndikuchiritsa. Nthawi zina machiritso amapitirira miyezi iwiri.
2. Maonekedwe ophwanyidwa - ma pockmarks amapangidwa pa mucous membrane ya pakamwa ndi pharynx. Pa tsiku la 7 mpaka 9, chiwerengero cha matendawa chimawoneka, pamene ziphuphu zimakula mochuluka kwambiri moti mbalame sikhoza kutseka mlomo wake. Komanso, mucosa wamphongo, conjunctiva, cornea ya maso angakhudzidwe.
3. Maonekedwe osakanikirana - pali zizindikiro za mitundu iwiri yoyamba.

Nkhunda ya nkhunda ndi yoopsa chifukwa kachilombo kamene kamakhala ndi magazi kamene kamatha kufalikira thupi lonse, kuwononga ziwalo zatsopano. Pogwiritsa ntchito mbalamezo panthaŵi yake, zinapanga chitetezo cha moyo wonse.

Njira zochizira ndi kupewa:

1. Pamene zilonda za khungu: chithandizo cha tizilombo 2% njira ya boric acid. Pamaso pa zowuma zowonongeka amathandizidwa ndi yankho la ayodini, kenako kirimu.
2. Pamene mlomo umakhudzidwa: mucosa imathandizidwa ndi lozeval yankho ndi shuga kapena ayodini. Nkhunda zimapatsidwa maantibayotiki a mndandanda wa tetracycline.
3. Madzi akumwa amatetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi 1% yothetsera chloramine. Chipindacho chimachitidwa ndi kukonzekera kwa ayodini.
4. Mphuno yakhudzidwa imachizidwa ndi yankho la Lugol. Pakadutsa masiku asanu mbalame zimapatsidwa maantibayotiki, mavitamini ndi ma immunomodulator.
5. Mazira okhudzidwa, omwe amapezeka kuchokera ku nkhunda zowonongeka, ayenera kuwonongedwa.

Ornithosis

Nkhunda ya nkhunda ndi matenda a tizilombo omwe amachititsa kuti munthu azizizira. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimachitika mwachizoloŵezi, chomwe ndi choopsa kwambiri kwa munthu yemwe angathe kutenga kachilombo ka HIV. Kuvuta kwa mankhwala ndi chitetezo kumakhala chifukwa chakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasonyeza kusamvana kwakukulu. Kutumiza kachilombo ka HIV kumayambitsa katemera ndi zinyalala.

Kutalika kwa nthawi yopangira makina kumatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Anthu ochepa kwambiri ndi omwe amamvetsetsa kwambiri kachilomboka.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda:

1. Maonekedwe abwino - njiwa zikudwala pakati pa zaka ziwiri ndi 12. Kupepuka kumadziwika, nyongolotsi imakhala imvi ndi kusakaniza magazi, kupuma kuli kovuta, pali purulent conjunctivitis ndi ziwalo, zomwe zimawatsogolera ku imfa.
2. Maonekedwe apamwamba - amawonedwa mwa akuluakulu. Zizindikiro zizindikiro - zofooka, zamantha, conjunctivitis. Matendawa ali ndi zotsatira zabwino. Mbalame yoipa imayambitsa matenda.

Pochita zowononga, njiwa zawonongeka, chipindacho chimatetezedwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala a chlorine ndi phenol. Pambuyo pa kutha kwa matendawa, pamakhala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokhala padera.

Paratyphoid, kapena salmonellosis wa njiwa

Paratyphoid nkhunda ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha salmonella.

Gwero la matenda ndi anthu omwe akukhudzidwa. Kuopsa kwa paratyphoid ndikuti, pamene kachilomboka, kachilomboka kamakhala kosabala. Achinyamata amachira mofanana.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda:

1. Matumbo - Choyamba pamakhala zinyama zamadzimadzi zomwe zimasakaniza magazi, kenako zimakhudzidwa, zimakhala zowopsya, ndipo mbalame sizingathe kuuluka. M'mbali mwa mlomo ndi maso, pangakhale mitsempha.
2. Maonekedwe amanjenje - mutu wochuluka ndi chizindikiro chodziwikiratu. Matendawa amatha ndi imfa kapena amapita ku mawonekedwe osatha.

Mankhwala a biomycin, sintomycin, furazolidone kapena terramycin mu mlingo wathunthu wa magawo 100,000 pa 1 kg ya chakudya kwa masiku khumi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, patatha masiku asanu ndi awiri maphunzirowo akubwerezedwa. Chipindacho chimatetezedwa ku disinfected.

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis ya njiwa ndi matenda wamba. Wothandizana ndi causative ndi gulu losavuta la flagella. Matendawa amakhudza kwambiri mbalame zazing'ono pakati pa zaka ziwiri ndi miyezi iwiri. Monga vectors of infection, akuluakulu ndi akuluakulu. Komanso kachilombo ka HIV kamapatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya ndi madzi. Pansi pa mikhalidwe yovuta ya kusunga ndi kudyetsa, chiopsezo cha matenda chimakula.

Matendawa amadziwika ndi mapangidwe a ma whitish-yellow, omwe amapezeka pamphuno ndi pakamwa. Nkhunda zimaweramitsa mutu wawo kuti zitha kumeza. Pali kutsekula m'mimba ndi ntchentche, kutuluka m'mimba, kupuma pang'ono. Nthawi ya nthendayi imakhala kuchokera pa maola awiri mpaka masabata awiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoopsa.

Ndi chithandizo cha panthaŵi yake, njiwa zikhoza kuchira. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi mkaka wa iodi, womwe umakonzedwa kuchokera ku ayodini, iodide ya potaziyamu ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 2: 10. Pambuyo pake, gawo limodzi la yankho limaphatikizidwa ku mkaka pa mlingo wa 1: 9. Musanapereke mankhwala kwa mbalame, yankho la mkaka limasambitsanso kachiwiri ndi madzi (1: 9).

Coccidiosis

Coccidiosis ya njiwa imayamba ndi magulu osavuta a coccidia omwe amakhudza maselo a m'matumbo, chiwindi ndi bile.

Mbalame zimadziwika ndi malaya odula, kutopa, kusasamala, kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusakaniza magazi. Matendawa amakhudza achinyamata. Chiwerengero cha matendawa chikuchitika m'chilimwe.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito - 0.05 magalamu awiri patsiku, komanso acrichine, yomwe imachepetsedwa pa mlingo wa 2 magalamu a mankhwala pa chidebe cha madzi.

Paramyxovirus

Nkhunda za Paramixovirus ndizo zimayambitsa matenda a chideru. Matenda amapezeka kudzera mu fumbi. Kuopsa kwa munthu sikuli. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, ludzu ndi kutsekula m'mimba zimadziwika. Ngati palibe mankhwala, ziwalo zimatchulidwa, ndi kupindika mutu. Mbalame singathe kudya ndi kumwa, zotsatira zake ndi zoopsa. Palibe mankhwala. Kukonzekera kukonza kumachitika mwa katemera pokonzekera Colombovac PMV.

Nkhunda: matenda ndi chithandizo. Kuthetsa zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa matenda

Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri nkhunda ndi ascariasis. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi helminths a banja la ascarids. Gawo lochepa la m'mimba limakhudzidwa, nthawi zambiri limatchulidwa. Palinso kuthamanga, kutaya thupi, kutsekula m'mimba. Chiwiri chachiwiri ndi matenda a capillarial, omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale m'mimba. Kutupa kwa m'mimba mucosa kumadziwika. Kutenga kumachitika ndi feedary njira. Matenda a parasitic amapezeka ndi kuwerenga zinyalala, kumene mazira a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amapezeka. Mankhwalawa, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa "Piperazine" pamtunda wa 0.05 magalamu pa 1 kagawo katatu patsiku, pitirizani kuchiza kwa masiku atatu, kenaka katatha masiku atatu, kenaka pwerezani maphunzirowo. Ndikofunika kuyeretsa njiwa kuchokera ku zinyalala zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka.

Nkhunda: matenda awo ndi chithandizo cha maso

Matenda a maso amapezeka nkhunda nthawi zambiri. Zimayambitsa mabakiteriya, mavairasi, mavitamini ndi opatsirana, komanso kuchepa kwa vitamini. Mu chiwopsezo cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chithandizochi chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti athetse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndi mavitamini, mbalame zimakhala ndi vitamini A.

Kutupa kwa diso kungakhale chifukwa cha matenda ena, monga sinusitis ndi laryngotracheitis. Kawirikawiri nkhunda zimakhala ndi panophthalmitis, chizindikiro cha mtundu wa iris.

Kupewa matenda ambiri

Matenda aliwonse a njiwa (zizindikiro zotchulidwa pamwambapa), mosasamala kanthu za kuopsa kwawo, ndizosavuta kupewa.

Pachifukwa ichi, pali dongosolo lapadera la njira zothandizira:

1. Kusamalira mbalame mumkhalidwe wabwino.
2. Kusungirako ukhondo mkati mwa malo, kumwera mbale zodyera ndi odyetsa pamwamba.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
4. Kufufuza kawirikawiri nkhunda za kukhalapo kwa ectoparasites.
5. Zimaletsedwa kuika nkhunda zakutchire ndi mpheta ku nyumba ya nkhunda.
6. Ndikofunika kupereka mbalamezo ndi chithandizo chamankhwala pa nthawi yake.

Kuchiza kwa malo okhala ndi matenda opatsirana

Kuteteza kwathunthu matenda a njiwa sikutheka popanda kutaya bwinobwino malo. Miyeso imeneyi imaloledwa kokha ndi kupatula kwathunthu kwa mbalameyi. Poyamba, kuyeretsa makina kumapangidwira (kuchepetsa zitosi). Komanso, makoma, pansi ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zili m'chipindachi amachizidwa ndi madzi otentha. Pambuyo pake mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mankhwala abwino kwambiri, 5% a bleach, 3% yothetsera creolin kapena carbolic asidi, formalin, mowa ndi ena. Patangotha maola awiri kuchokera kuchipatala, malowa amakhala mpweya wokwanira, otsukidwa ndi madzi komanso oyera. Dziko lapansi lasinthidwa mabokosi. Disinfection ikuchitika kawiri pachaka. Pansi, zisa ndi zisa zimatengedwa ndifupipafupi kamodzi pa kotala. Okumwa ndi odyetsa amachizidwa mlungu uliwonse.